Interpenetrated Lattices of Quaternary Chalcogenides Displaying Magnetic Frustration, High Na-Ion Conductivity, and Cation Redox in Na-Ion Batteries.

A series of quaternary selenides, NaGaSe ( = Mn, Fe, and mixed Zn/Fe), have been synthesized for the first time employing a high-temperature solid-state synthesis route through stochiometric or polychalcogenide flux reactions. Along with the selenides, a previously reported sulfide analogue, NaFeGaS, is also revisited with new findings. These compounds form an interpenetrated structure made up of a supertetrahedral unit.

Primary angiitis of central nervous system - A challenging diagnosis.

Primary angiitis of the central nervous system is a rare disease characterized by vasculitis of the central nervous system without any systemic involvement. This review aims to provide an insight into the existing stagnancies in the diagnostic approach and management of this disease. The clinical presentation is typically nonspecific, ranging from headaches, altered sensorium, and seizures to recurrent ischemic strokes.

Discovery of an olivine-type lithium manganese thiophosphate, LiMnPS, a building block approach.

An olivine-type orthothiophospate LiMnPS has been synthesized for the first time through a building block approach by reacting preformed ternary lithium thiophospate with MnCl. Diffuse reflectance measurements show an optical band gap of 2.36 eV, which is further confirmed by DFT calculations.

Zn-based physiometacomposite nanoparticles: distribution, tolerance, imaging, and antiviral and anticancer activity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution, tolerance, and anticancer and antiviral activity of Zn-based physiometacomposites (PMCs). Manganese, iron, nickel and cobalt-doped ZnO, ZnS or ZnSe were synthesized. Cell uptake, distribution into 3D culture and mice, and biochemical and chemotherapeutic activity were studied by fluorescence/bioluminescence, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, viability, antitumor and virus titer assays.

Interplay between Oxo and Fluoro in Vanadium Oxyfluorides for Centrosymmetric and Non-Centrosymmetric Structure Formation.

Herein, we report the syntheses of two lithium-vanadium oxide-fluoride compounds crystallized from the same reaction mixture through a time variation experiment. A low temperature hydrothermal route employing a viscous paste of VO, oxalic acid, LiF, and HF allowed the crystallization of one metastable phase initially, LiVO(HO)F⋅2HO (), which on prolonged heating transforms to a chemically similar yet structurally different phase, LiVOF (). Compound crystallizes in centrosymmetric space group, 2/ with = 6.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

The disease concept of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders(NMOSD) has undergone a significant change over the last two decades including the detection of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein(MOG) antibody in patients who are seronegative for aquaporin-4 antibody. Aquaporin-4 antibody positive NMOSD is now regarded as an immune astrocytopathy. Conversely, MOG antibody associated disease is known to target myelin rather than astrocytes, leading to an NMOSD syndrome with distinct clinical and radiological features.

Eco-Friendly Synthesis, Crystal Chemistry, and Magnetic Properties of Manganese-Substituted CoFeO Nanoparticles.

The authors report on the effect of manganese (Mn) substitution on the crystal chemistry, morphology, particle size distribution characteristics, chemical bonding, structure, and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite (CoFeO) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized by a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly one-pot aqueous hydrothermal method. Crystal structure analyses indicate that the Mn(II)-substituted cobalt ferrites, Co Mn FeO (CMFO, = 0.0-0.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Magnetoelectric BaTiO-Iron Oxide Core-Shell Nanoparticles.

Improvement of magnetic, electronic, optical, and catalytic properties in cutting-edge technologies including drug delivery, energy storage, magnetic transistor, and spintronics requires novel nanomaterials. This article discusses the unique, clean, and homogeneous physiochemical synthesis of BaTiO/iron oxide core-shell nanoparticles with interfaces between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy displayed the distinguished disparity between the core and shell of the synthesized nanoparticles.

Amino/Amido Conjugates Form to Nanoscale Cobalt Physiometacomposite (PMC) Materials Functionally Delivering Nucleic Acid Therapeutic to Nucleus Enhancing Anticancer Activity via Ras-Targeted Protein Interference.

Aberrant splicing and protein interaction of Ras binding domain (RBD) are associated with melanoma drug resistance. Here, cobalt or nickel doped zinc oxide (ZnO) physiometacomposite (PMC) materials bind to RNA and peptide shown by Ninhydrin staining, UV-vis, Fourier transform infrared, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. PMCs deliver splice switching oligomer (SSO) into melanoma cells or 3-D tumor spheroids shown by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and bioluminescence.

Significant Reduction of Defect States and Surface Tailoring in ZnO Nanoparticles via Nano-Bio Interaction With Glucose for Bio-Applications.

In this study, we have investigated the structural and optical properties of nanoconjugates (NJs) consisting of phase pure zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) with glucose biomolecules. All NJs were fabricated using a standard biochemical synthesis process. Structural, optical, vibrational, and biochemical interface properties of nano-bio composites are probed by different complementary characterization techniques.

Soft chemical routes to electrochemically active iron phosphates.

New iron phosphates with related structures have been synthesized using hydrothermal and ion-exchange routes, and their electrochemical properties were investigated. First, NaFe(HPO) was synthesized employing a hydrothermal route and its structure was determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Subsequent Na and partial proton ion exchange with Li ion produced a known phase, LiFe(HPO), and complete deprotonation of LiFe(HPO) with Li by employing a solid-state ion-exchange route produced the new phase LiFe(PO).

Enzyme and Cancer Cell Selectivity of Nanoparticles: Inhibition of 3D Metastatic Phenotype and Experimental Melanoma by Zinc Oxide.

Biomedical applications for metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are rapidly increasing. Here their functional impact on two well-characterized model enzymes, Luciferase (Luc) or β-galactosidase (β-Gal) was quantitatively compared. Nickel oxide nanoparticle (NiO-NP) activated β-Gal (>400% control) and boron carbide nanoparticle (B4C-NP) inhibited Luc(<10% control), whereas zinc oxide (ZnO-NP) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4-NP) activated β-Gal to a lesser extent and magnesium oxide (MgO) moderately inhibited both enzymes.

A Systematic Study on the Structural and Optical Properties of Vertically Aligned Zinc Oxide Nanorods Grown by High Pressure Assisted Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique.

In this study, we synthesize high quality vertically aligned ZnO (VAZO) nanorods on silicon, sapphire, and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique at high growth pressure (0.3 Torr). Systematic changes in structural and optical properties of VAZO nanorods are studied by varying the substrate temperature (500-600 °C) and number of pulsed laser shots during the deposition.

A highly fluorinated lithium iron phosphate with interpenetrating lattices: electrochemistry and ionic conductivity.

LiFePOF, a new member of the family of alkali transition metal fluorophosphates, has been synthesized and characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The existence of an infinite {-[PO(FeF)]-} tetrahedral network in an inter-penetrated diamond lattice, along with the presence of seven unique Li sites, presents interesting structural features of this structure-type for energy storage applications. The initial results of (de)lithiation reveal that a relatively low fraction of theoretical capacity may be utilized reversibly (0.

Magnetically Frustrated Quaternary Chalcogenides with Interpenetrating Diamond Lattices.

A series of quaternary sulfides of the composition NaMGaS (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), and Co (3)) have been synthesized in sealed quartz ampules. In these compounds, divalent transition metal and Ga occupy the same crystallographic site in the Ga-S network, forming a supertetrahedral, T2 (adamantane) unit, through the corner-sharing of four M/GaS tetrahedra. The corner sulfur atoms of the T2 clusters are further connected to similar T2 units to form an open continuous three-dimensional (3D) anionic framework of composition {[GaMS]}.

Probing nonlinear optical coefficients in self-assembled peptide nanotubes.

Self-assembled l,l-diphenylalanine (FF) peptide micro/nanotubes represent a class of biomimetic materials with a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure and strong piezoelectricity. The peptide nanotubes synthesized by a liquid phase method yield tube lengths in the hundreds of micron range, inner diameters in the few hundred nanometer range, and outer diameters in the 5-15 μm range. Second harmonic generation (SHG) polarimetry from individual self-assembled FF nanotubes is used to obtain the nonlinear (NLO) optical coefficients as a function of the tube diameter and thermal treatment.

The effect of citicoline on stroke: A comparative study from the Eastern part of India.

Background: Citicoline is a novel neuroprotective agent used in acute stroke with a significantly favorable outcome.

Materials And Methods: A hundred patients who suffered from either an ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and who presented to the hospital within 48 h of stroke onset were enrolled for the study. Of these 100 patients (age- and sex-matched), 50 patients were treated with citicoline along with the standard stroke management and considered as 'cases'.

Significant enhancement of optical absorption through nano-structuring of copper based oxide semiconductors: possible future materials for solar energy applications.

The optical absorption coefficient is a crucial parameter in determining solar cell efficiency under operational conditions. It is well known that inorganic nanocrystals are a benchmark model for solar cell nanotechnology, given that the tunability of optical properties and stabilization of specific phases are uniquely possible at the nanoscale. A hydrothermal method was employed to fabricate nanostructured copper oxides where the shape, size and phase were tailored by altering the growth parameters, namely the base media used, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time.

Enhancement of superconducting Tc (33 K) by entrapment of FeSe in carbon coated Au-Pd17Se15 nanoparticles.

FeSe has been an interesting member of the Fe-based superconductor family ever since the discovery of superconductivity in this simple binary chalcogenide. Simplicity of composition and ease of synthesis has made FeSe, in particular, very lucrative as a test system to understand the unconventional nature of superconductivity, especially in low-dimensional models. In this article we report the synthesis of composite nanoparticles containing FeSe nanoislands entrapped within an ent-FeSe-Pd16Se15-Au nanoparticle and sharing an interface with Pd17Se15.

mPEG-PAMAM-G4 nucleic acid nanocomplexes: enhanced stability, RNase protection, and activity of splice switching oligomer and poly I:C RNA.

Dendrimer chemistries have virtually exploded in recent years with increasing interest in this class of polymers as gene delivery vehicles. An effective nucleic acid delivery vehicle must efficiently bind its cargo and form physically stable complexes. Most importantly, the nucleic acid must be protected in biological fluids and tissues, as RNA is extremely susceptible to nuclease degradation.

A clinical study of ischaemic strokes with micro-albuminuria for risk stratification, short-term predictive value and outcome.

Stroke results more than 4.3 million deaths worldwide per annum and 85% of all strokes are ischaemic in nature. Besides numerous modifiable and non-modifiable known risk factors, microalbuminuria is thought to be an important marker of global endothelial dysfunction and associated with cardiovascular disease including stroke.

Morphology of hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanoparticles tethered to carbon nanotubes affects electrocatalytic activity for HO detection.

We describe the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and demonstrate their attachment to multiwalled carbon tubes, resulting in a composite with a unique synergistic effect. Morphology and size of ZnO nanostructures were controlled using hydrothermal synthesis, varying the hydrothermal treatment temperature, prior to attachment to carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for sensing applications. A strong dependence of electrocatalytic activity on nanosized ZnO shape was shown.

Albuminuria and neuropathy in newly detected diabetics: profile and correlation.

Neuropathy and nephropathy are two most common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. Albuminuria and neuropathy has been found to be associated in patients with long standing diabetes. In the present study, the profiles of proteinuria and neuropathy have been studied in newly diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and attempt has been made to determine any relationship between the two.