A prospective randomized study comparing retractor-endoscopic vs. open release of carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel syndromes.

Objective: To evaluate the neurological and neurophysiological outcomes of retractor-endoscopic versus open release in carpal tunnel syndrome (rCTS and oCTS, respectively) and cubital tunnel syndrome (rCbTS and oCbTS, respectively) at 3- and 12-month follow-up.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, 80 patients were prospectively blindly randomized. McGowan scores were used for preoperative grading and outcomes were assessed using a modified Bishop rating system (BRS).

Nerve Graft Length and Recovery of Elbow Flexion Muscle Strength in Patients With Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injuries: Case Series.

Background: Traumatic brachial plexus injuries cause long-term maiming of patients. The major target function to restore in complex brachial plexus injury is elbow flexion.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the correlation between the length of the nerve graft and the strength of target muscle recovery in extraplexual and intraplexual nerve transfers.

Axillary Intraneural Ganglion Cysts.

Aside from affecting the stability of the glenohumeral joint, tears in the joint capsule can give rise to extraneural (paralabral) and, very rarely, intraneural ganglion cysts. This report presents the first two cases of axillary intraneural ganglion cysts in the literature with magnetic resonance imaging. Both cases were incidentally noted to have coexisting lesions (lymphadenopathy from an undifferentiated malignancy and suprascapular nerve entrapment, respectively).

Application of a Compact High-Definition Exoscope for Illumination and Magnification in High-Precision Surgical Procedures.

Background: The basic necessities for surgical procedures are illumination, exposure, and magnification. These have undergone transformation in par with technology. One of the recent developments is the compact magnifying exoscope system.

Tibioperoneal Short Circuiting for Stump Neuroma Pain in Amputees: Revival of an Old Technique.

Background: Stump neuroma pain in amputees can be quite challenging. Surgical treatment may be largely subdivided into neuromodulative and non-neuromodulative methods. The latter includes neurocapsis, insertion of nerve stump into the bone marrow, centro-central short circuit (CCSC), and coverage with vascularized soft tissue flaps.

Retractor-endoscopic nerve decompression in carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes: outcomes in a small series.

Objective: To present midterm to long-term results obtained in carpal tunnel release, in situ decompression, and anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve using the retractor integrated endoscope.

Methods: During the period 2000-2010, 145 patients underwent endoscopic carpal tunnel releases (n = 47), endoscopic in situ decompression of the ulnar nerve (n = 55), and endoscopic anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve (n = 52). Bilateral surgery was performed in 9 patients.

Open vs retractor-endoscopic in situ decompression of the ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel syndrome: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Both open ulnar nerve decompression and retractor-endoscopic ulnar nerve decompression have been shown to yield good results. However, a comparative evaluation of the techniques is lacking.

Objective: To compare the results of open and endoscopic surgery in cubital tunnel syndrome.

Complex wound-healing problems in neurosurgical patients: risk factors, grading and treatment strategy.

Background: Wound-healing problems in the neurosurgical patient can be particularly bothersome, owing to various specific risk factors involved. These may vary from simple wound dehiscence to complex multi-layer defects with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and contamination. The latter is quite rare in practice and requires an individually titrated reconstruction strategy.

Outcomes of microneurovascular facial reanimation using masseteric innervation in patients with long-standing facial palsy resulting from cured brainstem lesions.

Background: The functions of the human face are not only of esthetic significance but also extend into metaphoric nuances of psychology. The loss of function of one or both facial nerves has a remarkable impact on patients' lives.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the functional outcomes of microneurovascular facial reanimation using masseteric innervation.

A novel minimally occlusive microvascular anastomosis technique using a temporary intraluminal shunt: a prospective technique to minimize brain ischemia time during superficial temporal artery-to-middle cerebral artery bypass.

Objective: To describe a new technique of suturing microvessels with persistent perfusion via a temporary intraluminal microshunt.

Methods: Experiments were conducted in Wistar rats. Abdominal aorta grafts were explanted from donor rats.

Brachial plexus compression caused by recurrent clavicular nonunion and space-occupying pseudoarthrosis: definitive reconstruction using free vascularized bone flap-a series of eight cases.

Objective: In rare cases, space-occupying pseudoarthrotic clavicular nonunion causes symptomatic brachial plexus compression. The surgical treatment of clavicular pseudoarthrosis has been extensively reported in the literature. This article reports our experience of a definitive treatment strategy using free vascularized fibula flaps in cases of persistent compression of the brachial plexus by relapsing bony nonunion mass lesions.

Traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus: an analysis of outcomes in primary brachial plexus reconstruction and secondary functional arm reanimation.

Objective: To analyze retrospectively the outcomes of primary as well as secondary functional reconstructions in 49 patients with traumatic brachial plexus lesions from a single service. Guidelines for treatment might be extracted from this analysis.

Methods: Among 152 cases of traumatic lesion of the brachial plexus presented to our clinic, 58 underwent primary brachial plexus reconstructive surgery.

An analysis of results after selective tendon transfers through the interosseous membrane to provide selective finger and thumb extension in chronic irreparable radial nerve lesions.

Purpose: We present the results of a modified tendon transfer for the restoration of wrist and finger extension in irreparable radial nerve lesions.

Methods: Restoration of wrist extension, finger extension, thumb extension, and thumb abduction was done in 29 patients (20 males and 9 females; age range: 10-58 years) with isolated, irreparable radial nerve palsy. We used a modified tendon transfer technique using the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) 3 (to extensor indicis proprius [EIP] and extensor pollicis longus [EPL]) and FDS 4 (to extensor digitorum communis 2-4 [EDC]) as donors for the reconstruction of selective finger and thumb extension (all patients) and pronator teres (PT) for wrist extension (25 patients).

Telecanthus and hypertelorism in frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles and the surgical correction of these conditions: Part II. A novel surgical approach in the treatment of telecanthus.

Frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles (MEC) are frequently associated with telecanthus (TC) and seldom with hypertelorism (HT). The correction of these orbital dysmorphisms are undertaken in the same setting as the surgical treatment of MEC. During several charity missions to Phnom Penh, Cambodia, the authors developed a simple surgical technique for the correction of TC that has not been described before.

Telecanthus and hypertelorism in frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles and the surgical correction of these conditions: Part I. An orbital anthropomorphometric evaluation of the Khmer subpopulation of Cambodia.

This is the first of the two parts of a paper concerning a novel method on the surgical treatment of orbital dysmorphisms, especially telecanthus (TC) and hypertelorism (HT). The normal orbital values of a given ethnic group is an essential factor in determining the degree of correction intended in that patient population. We did not find any data related to the normal orbital values in Khmer-Cambodians in whom we performed the corrective surgeries.

The clinico-anatomic explanation for tibial intraneural ganglion cysts arising from the superior tibiofibular joint.

Objective: To demonstrate that tibial intraneural ganglia in the popliteal fossa are derived from the posterior portion of the superior tibiofibular joint, in a mechanism similar to that of peroneal intraneural ganglia, which have recently been shown to arise from the anterior portion of the same joint.

Design: Retrospective clinical study and prospective anatomic study.

Materials: The clinical records and MRI findings of three patients with tibial intraneural ganglion cysts were analyzed and compared with those of one patient with a tibial extraneural ganglion cyst and one volunteer.

A novel endoscopic technique in treating single nerve entrapment syndromes with special attention to ulnar nerve transposition and tarsal tunnel release: clinical application.

Objective: To describe a simple retractor integrated endoscopic technique for treating idiopathic solitary compression neuropathies with special attention to the anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve and tarsal tunnel release, and to present the clinical results.

Methods: Eleven patients with ulnar sulcus syndrome, eight with tarsal tunnel syndrome, and one with meralgia paraesthetica (seven females and 13 males; age range, 12-64 yr) were treated with endoscopic anterior ulnar nerve transposition and in situ decompression of the tibial (eight patients) and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves (one patient), respectively. The selection criteria were: classical nerve compression symptoms, failed conservative treatment, abnormal electrophysiology, and a nonviolated anatomic region.

A novel minimally occlusive microvascular anastomosis technique using a temporary intraluminal shunt: a prospective technique to minimize brain ischemia time during superficial temporal artery-to-middle cerebral artery bypass.

Objective: To describe a new technique of suturing microvessels with persistent perfusion via a temporary intraluminal microshunt.

Methods: Experiments were conducted in Wistar rats. Abdominal aorta grafts were explanted from donor rats.

Coverage of painful peripheral nerve neuromas with vascularized soft tissue: method and results.

Objective: Our goals are to describe a method of treating painful peripheral nerve neuromas by means of vascularized tissue coverage, report the results in seven patients, and discuss the indications for this treatment modality. An analysis of pain, functionality of the affected body part, professional activities of the patients, and medications before and after surgery is presented.

Methods: Seven male patients (mean age, 45.

The role of near-infrared angiography in the assessment of post-operative venous congestion in random pattern, pedicled island and free flaps.

Indocyanine green near-infrared-video angiography (ICG-NIR-VA) was recently introduced for measuring perfusion of skin flaps. The prognostic value of this method with regards to post-transfer manipulations of the flap, and subsequently, flap survival is not adequately documented in the literature. In this paper, we report our experience with the ICG-NIR-VA in the intraoperative evaluation and post-operative follow-up of nine flaps (2 large random pattern, 4 pedicled island and 3 free flaps) used in various reconstructive procedures.