Immunomodulatory peptides: new therapeutic horizons for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.

The emergence and re-emergence of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) infectious diseases have once again posed a significant global health challenge, largely attributed to the development of bacterial resistance to conventional anti-microbial treatments. To mitigate the risk of drug resistance globally, both antibiotics and immunotherapy are essential. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also referred to as host defense peptides (HDPs), present a promising therapeutic alternative for treating drug-resistant infections due to their various mechanisms of action, which encompass antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects.

Toxicity assessment of Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to carbamazepine and selenium: Physiological and genotoxic approach.

Although the toxicity of selenium (Se) and carbamazepine (CBZ) has already been demonstrated, the possible effects of freshwater fish co-exposure to these pollutants have not been explored. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the potential impact of Se and CBZ (alone and combined) exposure (both 5 µg/L) in Oreochromis mossambicus after 28 days. Exposure to CBZ, alone or combined with Se, significantly increases the "red blood cells" and "mean corpuscular volume.

Computational approach towards repurposing of FDA approved drug molecules: strategy to combat antibiotic resistance conferred by .

Antimicrobial resistance is recognized as a major worldwide public health dilemma in the current century. , a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, causes nosocomial infections like respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, dermatitis, and cystic fibrosis. It manifests antibiotic resistance via intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive pathways, where efflux pumps function in the extrusion of antibiotics from the cell.

Eco-toxicity assessment of polypropylene microplastics in juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio).

In recent years, everyone has recognized microplastics as an emerging contaminant in aquatic ecosystems. Polypropylene is one of the dominant pollutants. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of exposing zebrafish (Danio rerio) to water with various concentrations of polypropylene microplastics (11.

Correction: A facile, one-pot reductive alkylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic amines in aqueous micellar media: a chemoenzymatic approach.

Correction for 'A facile, one-pot reductive alkylation of aromatic and heteroaromatic amines in aqueous micellar media: a chemoenzymatic approach' by Krithika Ganesh , , 2023, , 4264-4268, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3OB00386H.

Correction: An efficient metal free synthesis of 2-aminobenzothiozoles - a greener approach.

Correction for 'An efficient metal free synthesis of 2-aminobenzothiozoles - a greener approach' by Krithika Ganesh , , 2023, , 564-568, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2OB01981G.

Novel quinoline-piperazine hybrids: the design, synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial and antituberculosis properties.

A communicable disease such as tuberculosis (TB), which takes ∼10 million lives worldwide every year, is one of the major concerns for future generations. The intake of multiple antibiotics is increasing because of the emergence of multiple drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) to pathogens which do not respond to the first-line TB drugs. Even though numerous drugs are available on the market, there is a huge need for MDR-TB drugs.

Hybrid of Metapenaeus dobsoni lectin and platinum nanoparticles exert antimicrobial and immunostimulatory effects to reduce bacterial bioburden in infected Nile tilapia.

A novel antibacterial immunostimulant using Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and lectin from Metapenaeus dobsoni (Md-Lec) was developed. The Md-Lec and PtNPs (Pt-lec) hybrid formed through non-covalent interaction exhibits antimicrobial activity against fish specific pathogens by affecting membrane integrity and producing excess reactive oxygen species. The therapeutic efficacy of Pt-lec was demonstrated through rescuing Aeromonas hydrophila infected Nile Tilapia.

A Review of Immunomodulatory Reprogramming by Probiotics in Combating Chronic and Acute Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs).

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are characterized by a lack of angiogenesis and distal limb diabetic neuropathy. This makes it possible for opportunistic pathogens to protect the biofilm-encased micro-communities, causing a delay in wound healing. The acute and chronic phases of DFU-associated infections are distinguished by the differential expression of innate proinflammatory cytokines and tumor necrosis factors (TNF-α and -β).

Unusual Hypermucoviscous Clinical Isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae with No Known Determinants of Hypermucoviscosity.

Klebsiella pneumoniae can be broadly classified into classical strains that cause drug-resistant, hospital-associated infections and hypervirulent strains that cause invasive, community-acquired, drug-susceptible infections. Hypermucoviscosity in Klebsiella pneumoniae has been associated with immune evasion and hypervirulence. A string-test-positive, hypermucoviscous strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, P34, was isolated from the cystic lesion of a patient who reported to a tertiary care hospital in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Efficacy of sub-MIC level of meropenem and ciprofloxacin against extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates of diabetic foot ulcer patients.

The increasing emergence of extensive drug-resistant bacteria (XDR) among chronic diabetic foot ulcer patients (DFU) possess serious threat which leads to foot amputation. The ideal measurement estimations of the presently accessible medications are getting insufficient against extensive drug-resistant strains. For quite a long-time piperacillin monotherapy, Piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, Carbapenem class of anti-toxin, ceftalozane-Tazobactam, and so on, has been the suggested therapy towards persistent instances of diabetic foot ulcer but because of the resistance mechanism of the potent pathogens the potency and usage of the antibiotic concentration regime is under the radar.

Repurposing of histone deacetylase inhibitors: A promising strategy to combat pulmonary fibrosis promoted by TGF-β signalling in COVID-19 survivors.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread around the world causing global public health emergency. In the last twenty years, we have witnessed several viral epidemics such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 and most recently Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). There were tremendous efforts endeavoured globally by scientists to combat these viral diseases and now for SARS-CoV-2.

Comparative data analsysis of two multi-drug resistant homoserine lactone and rhamnolipid producing from diabetic foot infected patient.

generally forms strong biofilm during chronic condition of wound. The whole mechanism of biofilm formation works in tandem with quorum sensing circuit of the organism in order to produce virulence. Here we report the draft genome sequence of two diabetic foot ulcer isolates (VIT PC 7 and VIT PC 9) displaying homoserine lactone, rhamnolipid producing, biofilm phenotype and antibiotic resistance genes related to carbapenem, aminoglycoside, beta- lactamase and tetracycline resistance.

Antibiofilm and anticancer potential of β-glucan-binding protein-encrusted zinc oxide nanoparticles.

β-Glucan-binding protein (βGBP) is important for the rational expansion of molecular biology. Here, zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnONP) was synthesized using βGBP from the crab Scylla serrata (Ss-βGBP-ZnONP). Ss-βGBP-ZnONP was observed as a 100 kDa band on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel and characterized with UV-vis spectroscopy at 350 nm.

Isolation of β-glucan from Eleusine coracana and its antibiofilm, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and biocompatible activities.

Eleusine coracana (Finger millet) has high nutritional value with numerous health benefits and is of low cost. Isolation of beta-glucan (βG) from E. coracana (Ec-βG) has gained increasing research attention.

Combinatorial Drug Therapy for Controlling and Its Association With Chronic Condition of Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, major observations of DFU cases have reported on amputation of foot region, and microbial bioburden during DFU is a major cause that affects healing of the wound regions. Pathogenic microbes are routinely isolated from these wound regions, especially , and have been reported, whereas higher prevalence of species during chronic condition in the deeper part of the wound, when left untreated, leads to gangrene. Multiple drug-resistant strains are a new threat because of their biofilm-forming ability, making it more potent and incurable.

Lutein: A potential antibiofilm and antiquorum sensing molecule from green microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa.

The increasing resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards antimicrobial agents has been a major cause for the escalation of untreatable diabetic foot ulcer cases around the globe. This demands research towards alternative natural products that inhibit biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa.

Antimicrobial and biochemical characterization of a C-type lectin isolated from pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis).

The present study reveals purification and characterization of a C-type lectin from the serum of pearl spot, Etroplus suratensis (Es-Lec). The Es-Lec was purified by affinity chromatography with mannose coupled sepharose CL-4B column and it exhibits single band with a molecular weight of 75 kDa in SDS-PAGE. The surface morphology of purified Es-Lec displays the homogeneous nature of protein.

Genome Sequence of a Moderately Halophilic Bacillus cereus Strain, TS2, Isolated from Saltern Sediments.

We report the 5.3-Mbp genome sequence of Bacillus cereus strain TS2, which was isolated from the sediments of a solar saltern in southern India. Genome analysis of B.

Genome Sequence of Bacillus vallismortis TD3, a Salt-Tolerant Strain Isolated from the Sediments of a Solar Saltern in Tamil Nadu, India.

Various Bacillus spp. capable of producing enzymes with industrially desirable properties have been isolated from adverse environments. Here, we announce the 3.

Phenoloxidase activation, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of β-glucan binding protein from Scylla serrata crab hemolymph.

In this study, we purified β-GBP from hemolymph of Scylla serrata crabs using affinity chromatography. The purified S. serrata β-GBP (Ss-β-GBP) had 100kDa molecular mass in the SDS-PAGE.

Identification, characterization and immune response of prophenoloxidase from the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus and its antibiofilm activity.

Prophenoloxidase is a conserved Cu-containing enzyme acting as a major defense molecule in the immune response of crustaceans. In the present research, we purified prophenoloxidase from the haemolymph of Portunus pelagicus (Pp-proPO) by Blue Sepharose CL-6B chromatography. Pp-proPO exhibited only one band with molecular weight of 75kDa on SDS-PAGE.

Purification, characterization and functional analysis of the immune molecule lectin from the haemolymph of blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus and their antibiofilm properties.

The present study reveals purification and characterization of immune molecule lectin from the haemolymph of blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus (Pp-Lec). The Pp-Lec was purified by affinity chromatography with mannose coupled sepharose CL-4B column and it exhibits single band with a molecular weight of 155 kDa in SDS-PAGE. The surface morphology of purified Pp-Lec displays the homogeneous nature of protein.

Haemolytic and antibiofilm properties of haemocyanin purified from the haemolymph of Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus.

Haemocyanin (Hc) is an important non-specific immune macromolecule present in the haemolymph of both mollusks and crustaceans. In the present study, Hc was purified from the haemolymph of Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus by gel filtration chromatography and it exhibits a single band with a molecular weight of 74 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) result of purified Hc express single peak at 31.

Systematic functional analysis and application of a cold-active serine protease from a novel Chryseobacterium sp.

Psychrotolerant bacteria isolated from natural and artificially cold environments were screened for synthesis of cold-active protease. The strain IMDY showing the highest protease production at 5°C was selected and phylogenetic analysis revealed that IMDY as novel bacterium with Chryseobacterium soli(T) as its nearest neighbor. Classical optimization enhanced the protease production from 18U/mg to 26U/mg and the enzyme was found to be active at low temperature, activity enhanced by CaCl2, inhibited by PMSF, stable against NaCl, and its activity retained in the presence of surfactants, organic solvents and detergents.