Microalgae: A potential bioagent for treatment of emerging contaminants from domestic wastewater.

Water crisis around the world leads to a growing interest in emerging contaminants (ECs) that can affect human health and the environment. Research showed that thousands of compounds from domestic consumers, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), personal care products (PCPs), and pharmaceuticals active compounds (PhAcs), could be found in wastewater in concentration mostly from ng L to μg L. However, generally, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not designed to remove these ECs from wastewater to their discharge levels.

Feasibility of bioplastic production using micro- and macroalgae- A review.

Plastic disposal and their degraded products in the environment are global concern due to its adverse effects and persistence in nature. To overcome plastic pollution and its impacts on environment, a sustainable bioplastic production using renewable feedstock's, such as algae, are envisioned. In this review, the production of polymer precursors such as polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrates, polyhydroxyalkanoates, agar, carrageenan and alginate from microalgae and macroalgae through direct conversion and fermentation routes are summarized and discussed.

Agriculture Waste Biomass Repurposed into Natural Fibers: A Circular Bioeconomy Perspective.

Fibers come from natural and fossil resources and are an essential commodity widely used by textile industries. Considering current supply and future demands, the repurposing of agricultural residues into fibers is an eco-friendly, attractive option that might mitigate environmental pollution. In this review, we have summarized multiple alternate secondary sources for fiber production, with a case study using banana plant residual biomass, a common agricultural waste in many developing countries.

Two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste: Effect of semi-continuous feeding on acidogenesis and methane production.

In present investigation, effect of diverting acidogenic off-gas from leached bed reactor (LBR) to up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor during semi-continuous food waste (FW) anaerobic digestion was evaluated. In test LBR headspace pressure (3.3 psi) was maintained with intermittent headspace gas transfer into UASB.

Biomass pre-treatments of the N-fixing cyanobacterium Tolypothrix for co-production of methane.

Tolypothrix, a self-flocculating, fast growing, CO and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium, can be cultivated in nutrient-poor ash dam waters of coal-fired power stations, converting CO emissions into organic biomass. Therefore, the biomass of Tolypothrix sp. is a promising source for bio-fertiliser production, providing micro- and macronutrients.

Characterization of crude oil degrading bacterial communities and their impact on biofilm formation.

In the present study, produced water sample collected from the Indian crude oil reservoir is used to enrich the bacterial communities. The impact of these enriched bacterial communities on the biodegradation of crude oil, biofilm formation, and biocorrosion process are elucidated. A crude oil degradation study is carried out with the minimal salt medium and 94% of crude oil was utilized by enriched bacterial communities.

Metal(loid) speciation and transformation by aerobic methanotrophs.

Manufacturing and resource industries are the key drivers for economic growth with a huge environmental cost (e.g. discharge of industrial effluents and post-mining substrates).

Bacterial community analysis of biofilm on API 5LX carbon steel in an oil reservoir environment.

This study aimed to characterize the biofilm microbial community that causes corrosion of API 5LX carbon steel. API 5LX carbon steel coupons were incubated with raw produced water collected from two oil reservoir stations or filter-sterilized produced water. Biofilm 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that the bacterial community present in the biofilm was dominated by Proteobacteria, including Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclaustics and Marinobacter alkaliphilus.

Food waste treatment by anaerobic co-digestion with saline sludge and its implications for energy recovery in Hong Kong.

Potential of methane production by co-digestion of food waste with saline sludge produced from sewage receiving seawater toilet flushing was investigated to determine its suitability for food waste management in Hong Kong by making use of excess design capacity of sludge digesters. High salinity of saline sludge (12.8 mS/cm) affected degradation of organic compounds resulting in an increase in sCOD by 135% as compared to an increase by 283% in treatments with non-saline sludge (4.

Evaluation of integrated ammonia recovery technology and nutrient status with an in-vessel composting process for swine manure.

The study investigated the effect of different initial moisture (IM) content (55, 60, 65, and 70%) of composting mixtures (swine manure and sawdust) for the production of nutrient rich manure, and the recovery of ammonia through a condensation process using a vertical cylindrical in-vessel composter for 56days. The composting resulted in a significant reduction in C:N ratio and electrical conductivity (EC), with a slight increase in pH in all products. The NH were emitted notably, and at the same time the NO-N concentration gradually increased with the reduction of NH-N in the composting mixtures.

Evaluation of pilot-scale in-vessel composting for Hanwoo manure management.

The study investigated the effect of in-vessel composting process on Hanwoo manure in two different South Korea regions (Pyeongchang and Goechang) with sawdust using vertical cylindrical in-vessel bioreactor for 42days. The stability and quality of Hanwoo manure in both regions were improved and confirmed through the positive changes in physico-chemical and phytotoxic properties using different commercial seed crops. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC, ds/m) of composted manure in both regions were slightly increased.

HO induced cost effective microwave disintegration of dairy waste activated sludge in acidic environment for efficient biomethane generation.

This study aimed to improve the biomethane potential of dairy waste activated sludge (WAS) by HO-acidic pH induced microwave disintegration (HAMW-D) pretreatment approach. The results of HAMW-D compared with the microwave disintegration (MW-D) alone for energy and economic factors. In the two phase disintegration process, the HO concentration of about 0.

Lipid accumulation potential of oleaginous yeasts: A comparative evaluation using food waste leachate as a substrate.

In present study, the efficiency of three oleaginous yeasts i.e., Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhodotorula glutinis and Cryptococcus curvatus were compared for their lipid assimilation capacities using three different FW-leachates as a medium.

Recycling of food waste for fuel precursors using an integrated bio-refinery approach.

The main aim was to integrate FW-recycling with cultivation of Rhodotorula glutinis and anaerobic digestion (AD) for bio-energy and -fuel recovery. Mixed FW was mechanically macerated (Pcon) and hydrolysed (at 250gL water) via chemical (Ch), thermal (Th) and TCh (combined Ch and Th) treatments. Cleared hydrolysates from individual pre-treatment processes were used as culture medium for cultivation of R.

Application of recombinant Pediococcus acidilactici BD16 (fcs /ech ) for bioconversion of agrowaste to vanillin.

Biotechnological production of vanillin is gaining momentum as the natural synthesis of vanillin that is very expensive. Ferulic acid (FA), a costly compound, is used as the substrate to produce vanillin biotechnologically and the making process is still expensive. Therefore, this study investigated the practical use of an agrobiomass waste, rice bran, and provides the first evidence of a cost-effective production of vanillin within 24 h of incubation using recombinant Pediococcus acidilactici BD16 (fcs /ech ).

Responses of mixed methanotrophic consortia to variable Cu/Fe ratios.

Methane mitigation in landfill top cover soils is mediated by methanotrophs whose optimal methane (CH) oxidation capacity is governed by environmental and complex microbial community interactions. Optimization of CH remediating bio-filters need to take microbial responses into account. Divalent copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are present in landfills at variable ratios and play a vital role in methane oxidation capacity and growth of methanotrophs.

Response of mixed methanotrophic consortia to different methane to oxygen ratios.

Methane (CH) and oxygen (air) concentrations affect the CH oxidation capacity (MOC) and mixed methanotrophic community structures in compost (fresh) and landfill (age old) top cover soils. A change in the mixed methanotrophic community structure in response has implications for landfill CH bio-filter remediation and possible bio-product outcomes (i.e.

Is Pichia pastoris a realistic platform for industrial production of recombinant human interferon gamma?

Human interferon gamma (hIFNγ) is an important cytokine in the innate and adaptive immune system, produced commercially in Escherichia coli. Efficient expression of hIFNγ has been reported once for Pichia pastoris (Wang et al., 2014) - a proven heterologous expression system.

Biological nutrient transformation during composting of pig manure and paper waste.

Composting of pig manure is a challenging task that requires appropriate co-substrate and bulking agent to provide optimum composting conditions and reduce nitrogen loss. In this study, paper waste is co-composted with pig manure as well as wood chips as the bulking agents. These raw materials were mixed at three different ratios of paper: pig manure: wood chips = 1:1:0 (pile 1), 3:2:1 (pile 2) and 3:1:1(pile 3), respectively.