Using a Composite Graft of Natural 15% Chitosan Gel in the Management of Intrabony Defects: A Case Series.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare effects of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco consumption (tobacco chewing) on periodontal disease parameters and response of these subjects to non-surgical periodontal therapy.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients aged between 30 and 55 years with intrabony defects greater than or equal to 3 mm and pocket probing depth (PPD) greater than or equal to 5 mm were selected. All participants received chitosan gel (15% w/v) plus bovine porous bone mineral as a composite bone graft.

Repositioning of a pathologically migrated tooth using autologous platelet-rich plasma: a case report with 3-year follow-up.

An intricate balance between the periodontal tissues and the forces of occlusion, tongue, and lips helps to maintain a tooth in its physiologic position within the dental arch. Disturbances in the equilibrium can cause a tooth to migrate pathologically, often requiring multidisciplinary treatment approaches. The present case demonstrates, for the first time, the use of autologous platelet-rich plasma to aid in tooth repositioning after pathologic tooth migration.

The versatile subepithelial connective tissue graft: a literature update.

Harmony between hard and soft tissue morphologies is essential for form, function, and a good esthetic outlook. Replacement grafts for correction of soft tissue defects around the teeth have become important to periodontal plastic and implant surgical procedures. Among a multitude of surgical techniques and graft materials reported in literature, the subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) has gained wide popularity and acceptance.

The Autosomal Dominant Inheritance of Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis: A Case Report.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive and varying degrees of gingival overgrowth. Oral manifestations vary from minimal to generalized enlargement, and HGF may occur as an isolated disorder or a feature of a syndrome. Unaesthetic appearance and functional impairment due to excessive gingival tissue dictate the need for surgical intervention.

A Novel Approach Using Natural 1% (W/W) Chitosan as a Local Drug Delivery System in the Management of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Chitosan is a natural polymer found in abundance in nature. It has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties and is biodegradable and biocompatible in nature. It has been used in various forms as an anti-microbial agent in oral care.

Comparison of Extracellular Matrix Membrane and Connective Tissue Graft for Root Coverage in Class I/II Gingival Recession Defects: A Split Mouth Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of extracellular matrix membrane (DynaMatrix®) in obtaining root coverage and compare it to the connective tissue graft for the treatment of Miller's Class I or Class II recession defects.

Methods: Ten patients with a mean age of 31.2 years with bilateral Miller's Class I or Class II recession defects in the upper premolars were recruited.

Furcation Measurements: Realities and Limitations.

Furcation involvement is a common sequela of severe chronic periodontal disease. Its effective management has a profound influence on the outcome of periodontal therapy. For the efficient clinical management of furcation defects, it is necessary to have a reliable diagnostic tool that can accurately measure and quantify the furcation defect.

Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and whole mouth fluid among smokers and nonsmokers using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay and a novel chair-side test.

Aim: To indigenously prepare a chair-side test kit for investigating and comparing the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva in patients with healthy periodontium, gingivitis and chronic periodontitis in smokers and nonsmokers. To validate the diagnostic accuracy of indigenously prepared chair-side test against enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, to assess the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the levels of MMP-8 in GCF and saliva among the test groups.

Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on plasma homocysteine levels in Indian population with chronic periodontitis: a pilot study.

Aim: Homocysteine (Hcy) is implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of periodontal disease and periodontal therapy on plasma Hcy remains controversial. Hence, in this pilot study we assessed the effect of periodontal disease and non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on plasma Hcy in systemically healthy Indian subjects.

Gingival crevicular fluid and interleukin-23 concentration in systemically healthy subjects: their relationship in periodontal health and disease.

Background And Objective: There is a substantial magnitude of data implicating the role of interleukin-23 (IL-23) in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of IL-23 in the gingival crevicular fluid of systemically healthy subjects in periodontal health and disease. In addition, we explored the effectiveness of periodontal interventional therapy on the levels of IL-23 in subjects with chronic periodontitis to obtain a deeper insight into the possible role of IL-23 in three separate periodontal conditions in three different populations.

Alveolar ridge augmentation--a case series.

This study presents case reports of patients with osseous defects who were treated with autogenous bone grafts from the symphysis region, alloplast grafts with barrier membrane, and the use of free gingival onlay grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation. The patients were followed for a period of six months.

Comparison of two different forms of varnishes in the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity: a subject-blind randomised clinical study.

Purpose: Dentine hypersensitivity is one of the most frequently recorded complaints of dental discomfort. Current evidence implicates patent dentinal tubules in hypersensitive dentine, and it follows that one effective way to reduce dentine sensitivity is to occlude the dentinal tubules. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of two different desensitising agents, Cervitec varnish and Gluma varnish.

Vaccination against periodontitis: the saga continues.

Periodontal disease can be considered to be one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases inflicting humans. With the advent of advanced molecular diagnostic techniques, a better understanding of the role of specific pathogens and the contributory role of the host immune response in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease has been possible - although not completely. However, successful vaccine development that fully utilizes the current level of understanding has not yet occurred for human use.

Leptin levels in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health and disease.

Background And Objective: A high concentration of leptin is associated with healthy gingival tissue, and the concentration of leptin decreases as periodontal disease progresses. However, to date, the leptin concentration in gingival crevicular fluid has not been documented. Hence, the present study was carried out to explore the presence of leptin in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health and disease, and to probe further into its possible role in periodontal disease progression.

Gingival crevicular fluid and serum leptin: their relationship to periodontal health and disease.

Background & Aims: Leptin is a pleiotrophic hormone produced by adipose tissue and it plays an important role in protection of the host from inflammation and infection. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence of leptin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples and to find out their association, if any.

Methods: Forty two subjects were selected based on their body mass index and were divided into three groups of 14 each; healthy (Group I), chronic gingivitis (Group II) and chronic periodontitis (Group III).

Primary tuberculosis clinically presenting as gingival enlargement: a case report.

Tuberculosis is a chronic systemic granulomatous disease which rarely affects the oral cavity. Oral lesions can be either primary or secondary to systemic tuberculosis, the former being rare. This is a never-before reported case of primary tuberculosis presenting as a localized diffuse gingival enlargement in an 11-year-old Indian female patient.

Primary tuberculous gingival enlargement: a rare entity.

With the advent of effective drug therapy, tuberculous lesions of the oral cavity have become so rare that they are frequently forgotten. Primary gingival tuberculosis is extremely rare and usually manifests as ulcer. We report the first case of primary tuberculosis manifesting as gingival enlargement, which was the only presenting sign of tuberculosis.

Gene therapy in periodontics: a review and future implications.

New advancements in gene therapy continue to have a significant impact on dentistry since 1995. At the same time, periodontal disease has attracted the attention of scholars and research scientists as a global concern. With a better understanding of disease progression and new advancement in biological science, gene therapy has emerged to enhance existing therapy and has radically recast approaches to the management of periodontal disease.

Peri-implant papilla reconstruction: realities and limitations.

In recent years, esthetic demands in dentistry have been climbing ever higher, driven by an enhanced awareness of beauty and physical appearance. Because gingival esthetics has become an important factor in the overall success of most implant-supported restorations, the loss of the peri-implant papilla leads to an esthetic handicap known as black hole disease. Today, one of the most challenging aspects of periodontal reconstructive surgery is to obtain a predictable peri-implant papilla in the esthetic zone.

Plasma cell granuloma of gingiva.

An exceedingly rare case of gingival plasma cell granuloma is reported in a 40-year old female patient. The case presented as an exophytic mass of gingiva, clinically resembling traumatic fibroma. Histopathologic findings revealed dense sheets of plasma cells infiltrate.

Tissue engineering: prospect for regenerating periodontal tissues.

New advancements in technological fields, continually has had a major impact on dental practice. The emergence of tissue engineering and biomimetic concepts has enhanced the predictability of existing therapy and also has radically recast approaches towards the dentoalveolar reconstruction. Tissue engineering in the simplest sense is a combination of material sciences and biology to repair tissues and organs which will unquestionably offer an exciting therapeutic alternative that have never been available before.