Multivalency-induced structural variations of 2D selenium nanosheets: facile solution-phase synthesis and optical properties.

The structural stability of two-dimensional (2D) phases derived from bulk selenium (Se) is intrinsically rooted in the multivalent nature of the material. The emergence of 2D Se, as its morphology evolves from 1D to 2D, was initially inspired by theoretical predictions of various quasi-stable structural phases of 2D Se. Here, we report a facile liquid-phase synthesis of free-standing few-layer selenium nanosheets (SeNS) employing a simple magnetic stirring of their bulk counterpart in -methyl pyrrolidone (NMP).

Neural network-based Bluetooth synchronization of multiple wearable devices.

Bluetooth-enabled wearables can be linked to form synchronized networks to provide insightful and representative data that is exceptionally beneficial in healthcare applications. However, synchronization can be affected by inevitable variations in the component's performance from their ideal behavior. Here, we report an application-level solution that embeds a Neural network to analyze and overcome these variations.

Renal Allograft Cortical Necrosis in a COVID-19 Positive Patient.

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) has been reported to be higher in kidney transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared with the general population. Here, we report a case of cortical necrosis in the graft kidney due to COVID infection in a patient with stable graft function over the years. The patient was started on hemodialysis and treated with steroids, and anticoagulants for COVID infection.

Comparative Analysis of Determinants and Outcome of Early and Late Acute Antibody Mediated Rejection (ABMR).

Introduction: Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) is one of the major determinants of graft survival. Although diagnostic precision and treatment options have improved, response to therapy and graft survival has not improved very significantly. The phenotypes of early and late acute ABMR differ in many ways.

Propagating motor cortical patterns of excitability are ubiquitous across human and non-human primate movement initiation.

A spatiotemporal pattern of excitability propagates across the primary motor cortex prior to the onset of a reaching movement in non-human primates. If this pattern is a necessary component of voluntary movement initiation, it should be present across a variety of motor tasks, end-effectors, and even species. Here, we show that propagating patterns of excitability occur during the initiation of precision grip force and tongue protrusion in non-human primates, and even isometric wrist extension in a human participant.

Optimization System Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Internet of Medical Things for Early Diagnosis of Lung Cancer.

Recently, deep learning and the Internet of Things (IoT) have been widely used in the healthcare monitoring system for decision making. Disease prediction is one of the emerging applications in current practices. In the method described in this paper, lung cancer prediction is implemented using deep learning and IoT, which is a challenging task in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD).

Propagating spatiotemporal activity patterns across macaque motor cortex carry kinematic information.

Propagating spatiotemporal neural patterns are widely evident across sensory, motor, and association cortical areas. However, it remains unclear whether any characteristics of neural propagation carry information about specific behavioral details. Here, we provide the first evidence for a link between the direction of cortical propagation and specific behavioral features of an upcoming movement on a trial-by-trial basis.

A low-cost stand-alone platform for measuring motor behavior across developmental applications.

Motion tracking provides unique insights into motor, cognitive, and social development by capturing subtle variations into how movements are planned and controlled. Here, we present a low-cost, wearable movement measurement platform, KiD, specifically designed for tracking the movements of infants and children in a variety of natural settings. KiD consists of a small, lightweight sensor containing a nine-axis inertial measurement unit plus an integrated processor for computing rotations.

Effect of low dialysate sodium in the management of intradialytic hypertension in maintenance hemodialysis patients: A single-center Indian experience.

Background: High dialysate sodium is a significant contributor to intradialytic hypertension (IDH) in maintenance hemodialysis patients. In this study, we aimed to study the effect of low dialysate sodium on IDH in Indian hemodialysis patients.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients on maintenance hemodialysis for atleast 3 months with episodes of IDH were enrolled in this study.

XIAP inhibits gentamicin-induced hair cell damage and ototoxicity through the caspase-3/9 pathway.

Gentamicin (GM), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is one commonly used clinical drugs with ototoxic side effects. One of the most principal mechanisms of its ototoxicity is that GM can activate caspase-mediated cell death pathways in the cochlea. Since the anti-apoptotic protein known as X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (XIAP) has been reported to directly bind to activated caspase protein and inhibit their activities, we hypothesized that it might protect cochlea hair cells from GM ototoxicity.

A spectroscopic assessment of interaction between 4% articaine hydrochloride with adrenaline and various endodontic irrigants.

Background: Interaction between 2% lidocaine HCl (with and without adrenaline) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) resulted in a toxic precipitate formation. The aim of this study was to assess the interaction between 4% articaine hydrochloride with adrenaline (AHa) and commonly used endodontic irrigants 3% NaOCl, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) using spectroscopic analyses.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 3% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 17% EDTA were mixed with 4% AHa individually.

Plasmon induced enhancement of surface optical phonon modes and magnon properties of NiO nanoparticles: Raman spectral probe.

In the present work, the influence of Ag-induced plasmons on the surface optical (SO) phonon modes of NiO nanoparticles was extensively studied using room temperature Raman spectroscopy. Remarkable intensity enhancements were observed for the rarely reported SO phonon modes compared to the other first-order phonon modes of NiO nanoparticles. The occurrence of SO modes was further studied using an approximate dielectric continuum (DC) model and a difference between the calculated and experimental SO frequencies was observed, which can be attributed to the presence of one magnon background over the first order phonon modes.

Charge transfer induced excitons and nonlinear optical properties of ZnO/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite films.

In this current work, we have prepared zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods by sol-gel method, and its composite films with a conducting polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) also have been prepared by drop-casting method on the glass substrate. UV-Vis absorption and steady-state fluorescence studies revealed exciton dissociation and recombination at the interface of polymer chain and wide-bandgap semiconductor ZnO. Also, nonlinear optical properties of as-prepared nanocomposite films have been reported by employing an open aperture z-scan technique.

Propagating Motor Cortical Dynamics Facilitate Movement Initiation.

Voluntary movement initiation involves the modulations of large groups of neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1). Yet similar modulations occur during movement planning when no movement occurs. Here, we show that a sequential spatiotemporal pattern of excitability propagates across M1 prior to the movement initiation in one of two oppositely oriented directions along the rostro-caudal axis.

Laser induced Fano scattering, electron-phonon coupling, bond length and phonon lifetime changes in α-FeO nanostructures.

We have extensively studied the laser-induced Fano scattering, electron-phonon coupling, bond length and phonon lifetime of the α-Fe2O3 nanostructure prepared through a simple co-precipitation method. A noticeable red shift and asymmetry have been observed in the phonon modes of the prepared α-Fe2O3 nanostructure. The traditional assessment of asymmetric broadening and a red shift in the Raman spectra of a nanomaterial was due to the quantum confinement effect.

Clinical Characteristics, Patient and Technique Survival in Elderly Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis.

The outcomes of the elderly population on peritoneal dialysis (PD) in developing countries are less known. In this study, we intended to study the clinical characteristics and patient and technique survival of elderly patients on PD. In this study, data of 148 elderly patients with end-stage renal disease who initiated PD between January 2001 and December 2015 were collected.

Phase-dependent structural, optical, phonon and UV sensing properties of ZnS nanoparticles.

In order to investigate the influence of crystal structure on the photoresponse properties of ZnS nanoparticles under UV light exposure, electrical measurements on polyvinylpyrrolidone capepd cubic and hexagonal ZnS nanoparticles with average particle size 30-40 nm have been successfully carried out. Low-temperature solvothermal synthesis yields pure and highly crystalline w-ZnS nanoparticles with good stability. Different structures of prepared ZnS nanoparticles have been identified and confirmed with powder x-ray diffraction, high-resolution field-emission transmission electron microscopy and non-resonant Raman spectroscopic techniques, respectively.

Effect of laser power on force constant and phonon lifetime of stretching and bending vibration of Cu-doped WO nanostructures.

The influence of Cu-doping on their structural, vibrational and morphological properties of hydrothermally prepared Cu-doped WO has been studied. X-ray Diffraction studies confirm the tetragonal structure of WO and lower angle shift in doped samples indicates the incorporation of Cu in tungsten sites. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images exhibit micro rod-like morphology of the as-synthesized WO materials shows microstructure with rod-like projections slowly changes into nanorods and plates for doped samples.

A Raman spectral probe on polar w-ZnS nanostructures and surface optical phonon modes in nanowires.

In the present study, different morphologies of ZnS nanostructures have been synthesized through a hydrothermal method and their Raman spectral modes are investigated. Raman scattering from surface optical (SO) modes has been seen and identified as a strange shoulder band of LO at 340 cm-1 in nanowires (NWs) with a hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnS in air medium. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques have been used to confirm the hexagonal phase and the modulation in the surface during the growth process, which causes the translational symmetry breaking to activate the SO mode.

Dopant induced local vibrational modes and Fano scattering in Ag doped ZnO microrods.

We discussed the influence of Ag doping on the crystallite size of ZnO and enhanced Raman spectroscopy properties. We reported optical and vibrational properties of Ag-doped ZnO microrods which have been prepared through reflux method. Dopant induced shift and asymmetric broadening of Raman modes have been discussed.

A Retrospective Analysis of Etiology and Outcomes of Refractory CAPD Peritonitis in a Tertiary Care Center from North India.

Background: Refractory peritonitis is defined as failure of clearance of peritoneal fluid despite 5 days of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Catheter removal decreases morbidity and mortality. Data on the outcomes of refractory peritonitis and of reinitiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in this group of patients are sparse.

Emergent coordination underlying learning to reach to grasp with a brain-machine interface.

The development of coordinated reach-to-grasp movement has been well studied in infants and children. However, the role of motor cortex during this development is unclear because it is difficult to study in humans. We took the approach of using a brain-machine interface (BMI) paradigm in rhesus macaques with prior therapeutic amputations to examine the emergence of novel, coordinated reach to grasp.

Changes in cortical network connectivity with long-term brain-machine interface exposure after chronic amputation.

Studies on neural plasticity associated with brain-machine interface (BMI) exposure have primarily documented changes in single neuron activity, and largely in intact subjects. Here, we demonstrate significant changes in ensemble-level functional connectivity among primary motor cortical (MI) neurons of chronically amputated monkeys exposed to control a multiple-degree-of-freedom robot arm. A multi-electrode array was implanted in M1 contralateral or ipsilateral to the amputation in three animals.