Experimental, theoretical and numerical simulation-based investigations on the fabricated CuZnSn thin-film-based Schottky diodes with enhanced electron transport for solar cell.

Copper-zinc-tin CuZnSn (CZT) thin films are promising materials for solar cell applications. This thin film was deposited on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) using an electrochemical deposition hierarchy. X-ray diffraction of thin-film studies confirms the variation in the structural orientation of CZT on the FTO surface.

Cost-effectiveness of the RefluxStop device for management of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease in Switzerland.

Background: One of the most prevalent conditions in Western societies is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In Switzerland, the standard treatment for GERD is proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based medical management, but surgical options such as Nissen fundoplication and magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) are available. RefluxStop is a novel device that offers an alternative solution.

Implementation strategy in collaboration with people with lived experience of mental illness to reduce stigma among primary care providers in Nepal (RESHAPE): protocol for a type 3 hybrid implementation effectiveness cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: There are increasing efforts for the integration of mental health services into primary care settings in low- and middle-income countries. However, commonly used approaches to train primary care providers (PCPs) may not achieve the expected outcomes for improved service delivery, as evidenced by low detection rates of mental illnesses after training. One contributor to this shortcoming is the stigma among PCPs.

Implementation science protocol for a participatory, theory-informed implementation research programme in the context of health system strengthening in sub-Saharan Africa (ASSET-ImplementER).

Objectives: ASSET (Health System Strengthening in sub-Saharan Africa) is a health system strengthening (HSS) programme involving eight work-packages (ie, a research study that addresses a specific need for HSS) that aims to develop solutions that support high-quality care. Here we present the protocol for the implementation science (IS) theme within ASSET (ASSET-ImplmentER) that aims to understand what HSS interventions work, for whom and how, and how IS methodologies can be adapted to improve the HSS interventions within resource-poor contexts.

Settings: Publicly funded health facilities in rural and urban areas in in Ethiopia, South Africa, Sierra Leone, and Zimbabwe.

Growth transitions and critical behavior in the non-equilibrium aggregation of short, patchy nanorods.

We have carried out Monte Carlo simulations to study the non-equilibrium aggregation of short patchy nanorods in two dimensions. Below a critical value of patch size ([Formula: see text]), the aggregates have finite sizes with small radii of gyration, [Formula: see text]. At [Formula: see text], the average radius of gyration shows a power law increase with time such that [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text].

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiation Therapy Compared With Surgery and Radiofrequency Ablation in Two Patient Cohorts: Metastatic Liver Cancer and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Aims: To compare the cost-effectiveness of stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) with radiofrequency ablation and surgery in adult patients with metastatic liver cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: Two patient cohorts were assessed: liver oligometastases and HCC. For each patient cohort, a decision analytic model was constructed to assess the cost-effectiveness of interventions over a 5-year horizon.

Selective dorsal rhizotomy; evidence on cost-effectiveness from England.

Objectives: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) has gained interest as an intervention to reduce spasticity and pain, and improve quality of life and mobility in children with cerebral palsy mainly affecting the legs (diplegia). We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of SDR in England.

Methods: Cost-effectiveness was quantified with respect to Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) and the pain dimension of the Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life questionnaire for Children (CPQOL-Child).

Cost-effectiveness of staffing levels on conflict and containment on psychiatric wards in England.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Literature on staffing levels and outcomes in psychiatric wards is limited and shows mixed associations Lack of economic evidence on conflicts and containment in psychiatric care Data from the City-128 study showed that regular qualified nurse staffing levels in the preceding shifts were associated with raised conflict and containment levels WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This is the first economic analysis using the City-128 data, with costs and outcomes data have been combined. Cost-effectiveness of different staffing levels in relation to conflicts and containments in England, using data from the City-128 study Both day and night shifts appeared to show that the low staff scenario was cost-effective in terms of conflicts and containment averted, even after attempts were made to adjust for patient severity WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: This paper could be an indication towards further investigation into how mental health inpatient care, specially nursing is organized in England. Abstract Introduction Evidence from City-128 study shows a positive association between staffing levels and conflicts/containment.

The Cost-Effectiveness of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) Programme in Severe Mental Illness: A Decision Analytical Model Using Routine Data.

This is the first site level economic evaluation of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme for severe mental illness (IAPT-SMI) that is funded by NHS England. It also aims to illustrate the challenges involved in evaluations based on routine data with low internal validity. Six IAPT-SMI pilot sites treated 1 of 2 clinical groups: (i) psychosis or bipolar disorder; (ii) personality disorder.

Why patchy diffusion-limited aggregation belongs to the directed-percolation universality class.

We present a possible link between nonequilibrium phase transition observed in patchy diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) [M. J. Kartha and A.

Radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma. An 18-year experience with radon.

Twenty-three patients were treated with radon therapy for choroidal melanoma at the Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus, between 1968 and 1976. We present an 18-year experience, including follow-up of at least eight years, in all those receiving therapy. Three patients (13%) died of metastatic disease.

Determination of hydroxyl radical production in aqueous solutions irradiated to clinically significant doses.

Decarboxylation of 14C-carboxylbenzoic acid in aqueous solutions after low-dose irradiation has been used to determine the relative magnitude of oxidation reactions and estimate the hydroxyl radicals produced. The G CO2 values determined from these measurements of 0.4 to 1.

Dosimetry disparities resulting from two accepted methods of calibration of cobalt-60 teletherapy machines.

The primary concern of all involved in the management of radiotherapeutic patients is that the tumor dose delivered to each and every patient in one institution is identical to that delivered anywhere else. Despite the advocacy 1,2,3,4 for the calibration of high energy photon beams at 5 cm depth or beyond in a water phantom to reduce the effect of electron "contamination" from collimators, filters, applicators, etc., the "in-air" method of calibration is still in vogue in many institutions in the United States and elsewhere.

An analysis of the dosimetry for mantle field therapy using 4 MV X-rays and its routine application.

There are several different methods in vogue at present in determining patient midplane doses in the "mantle" treatment for Hodgkin's disease and malignant lymphomas. A method of determining midplane doses in individual cases using thermoluminescent dosimetry is presented. It shows excellent agreement with the midplane doses measured in an Alderson-Rando phantom treated as a hypothetical "mantle" patient.

A study of dose distribution patterns from cobalt-60 and Varian Clinac-4 beams.

Dose distribution patterns of 4 MV x-rays from a Varian Clinac 4 linear accelerator are compared with those from a 60Co teletherapy machine. Field flatteners of lead and depleted uranium were used. Dose distribution maps display the off-axis high dose or "horns" with lead filters and circular dose distribution patterns.