Designing and Evaluating Circadian Experiments on Mouse Skin.

All skin layers and cutaneous appendages harbor a robust circadian clock, whose phase is under the influence of light through the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The skin clock coordinates fundamental biological processes, including metabolism and stem cell activation. It also prominently modulates activity of skin-resident immune cells and the inflammatory response.

The role of hexokinases in epigenetic regulation: altered hexokinase expression and chromatin stability in yeast.

Background: Human hexokinase 2 (HK2) plays an important role in regulating Warburg effect, which metabolizes glucose to lactate acid even in the presence of ample oxygen and provides intermediate metabolites to support cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. HK2 overexpression has been observed in various types of cancers and targeting HK2-driven Warburg effect has been suggested as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy. Given that epigenetic enzymes utilize metabolic intermediates as substrates or co-factors to carry out post-translational modification of histones and nucleic acids modifications in cells, we hypothesized that altering HK2 expression could impact the epigenome and, consequently, chromatin stability in yeast.

A Comparative Study of Fixed-Dose Dexmedetomidine and Propofol Infusions on Intraoperative Desflurane Consumption During Bispectral Index-Guided Laparoscopic Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background Desflurane is an excellent but expensive volatile anesthetic agent. Dexmedetomidine and propofol may decrease intraoperative desflurane consumption. This study aimed to compare the desflurane-sparing effect of dexmedetomidine and propofol in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under bispectral index (BIS)-guided general anesthesia (GA).

Management of fetal hyperthyroidism caused by persistent autoimmune antibodies in a case of previously treated maternal Graves' disease.

Maternal Graves' autoantibodies are well known to cause fetal and neonatal thyroid disturbances. Despite radioiodine therapy, Graves' autoantibodies are known to persist, which can cross the placenta and cause hyperthyroidism in the fetus. We present the case of a 26-year-old woman in her first pregnancy, clinically and biochemically euthyroid with history of treated Graves' disease, where the fetus showed signs of hyperthyroidism on antenatal scans.

tauFisher predicts circadian time from a single sample of bulk and single-cell pseudobulk transcriptomic data.

As the circadian clock regulates fundamental biological processes, disrupted clocks are often observed in patients and diseased tissues. Determining the circadian time of the patient or the tissue of focus is essential in circadian medicine and research. Here we present tauFisher, a computational pipeline that accurately predicts circadian time from a single transcriptomic sample by finding correlations between rhythmic genes within the sample.

DNA polymerase delta governs parental histone transfer to DNA replication lagging strand.

Chromatin replication is intricately intertwined with the recycling of parental histones to the newly duplicated DNA strands for faithful genetic and epigenetic inheritance. The transfer of parental histones occurs through two distinct pathways: leading strand deposition, mediated by the DNA polymerase ε subunits Dpb3/Dpb4, and lagging strand deposition, facilitated by the MCM helicase subunit Mcm2. However, the mechanism of the facilitation of Mcm2 transferring parental histones to the lagging strand while moving along the leading strand remains unclear.

Defective transfer of parental histone decreases frequency of homologous recombination by increasing free histone pools in budding yeast.

Recycling of parental histones is an important step in epigenetic inheritance. During DNA replication, DNA polymerase epsilon subunit DPB3/DPB4 and DNA replication helicase subunit MCM2 are involved in the transfer of parental histones to the leading and lagging strands, respectively. Single Dpb3 deletion (dpb3Δ) or Mcm2 mutation (mcm2-3A), which each disrupts one parental histone transfer pathway, leads to the other's predominance.

Adult Onset Orbital Xanthogranuloma, a Variant of Adult Orbital Xanthogranulomatous Disease: An Infrequent Entity.

Adult orbital xanthogranulomatous diseases (AOXGD) present clinically with symmetrical swellings around the eyes and are collectively considered within the broader group of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. A 45-year-old female presented with asymptomatic progressive, skin-colored, thick raised lesions around the eyes of 1 year duration. On dermatological examination, large indurated, lobulated, skin-colored thick plaques were seen bilaterally over infraorbital areas, along with a few hard, discrete nodules over the left infraorbital area.

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Poststroke Hemiparesis: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a neuromodulation technique that can improve paresis in individuals with spinal cord injury. SCS is emerging as a technique that can address upper and lower limb hemiparesis. Little is understood about its effectiveness with the poststroke population.

The Role of Hexokinases in Epigenetic Regulation: Altered Hexokinase Expression and Chromatin Stability in Yeast.

. Human hexokinase 2 ( ) plays an important role in regulating Warburg effect, which metabolizes glucose to lactate acid even in the presence of ample oxygen and provides intermediate metabolites to support cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. overexpression has been observed in various types of cancers and targeting -driven Warburg effect has been suggested as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.

A Clinico-Mycological and Histopathological Study of Recurrent Dermatophytosis.

Background: A few recent studies have shown fungal elements within the hair follicle epithelium, which may act as a reservoir and responsible for recurrent dermatophytosis.

Objectives: To assess the clinical patterns, mycological profile, and histopathology of recurrent dermatophytosis and to determine the prevalence of fungal hyphae in the hair follicle epithelium and other appendages.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty clinically diagnosed cases of recurrent dermatophytic infection were included.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells to target CD79b in B-cell lymphomas.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 mediate potent and durable effects in B-cell malignancies. However, antigen loss or downregulation is a frequent cause of resistance. Here, we report development of a novel CAR T-cell therapy product to target CD79b, a pan B-cell antigen, widely expressed in most B-cell lymphomas.

Multifractal analysis of cellular ATR-FTIR spectrum as a method for identifying and quantifying cancer cell metastatic levels.

Cancer is a leading cause of mortality today. Sooner a cancer is detected, the more effective is the treatment. Histopathological diagnosis continues to be the gold standard worldwide for cancer diagnosis, but the methods used are invasive, time-consuming, insensitive, and still rely to some degree on the subjective judgment of pathologists.

The Pediatric Integrated Care Survey (PICS) in a multidisciplinary clinic for Down syndrome.

The Pediatric Integrated Care Survey (PICS) is validated for use to measure the caregiver reported experience of integration and efficiency of all the aspects of their child. We began using the PICS survey to track changes in the patient experience, including throughout changing models of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. From February 2019 to June 2023, 62 responses from caregivers of individuals seen in the Massachusetts General Hospital Down Syndrome Program completed the PICS.

Biomolecular interactions between the antibacterial ceftolozane and the human inflammatory disease target ADAM17: a drug repurposing study.

Inhibition of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17), a metzincin, is proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy to suppress overproduction of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Existing ADAM17 inhibitors generate toxic metabolites or haven't progressed in clinical trials. Previous studies suggest that ligands which bind to ADAM17 active site by interacting with the Zn ion and L-shaped hydrophobic S1'- and S3'-pockets and forming favorable hydrogen bonds could act as potential ADAM17 inhibitors.

Corrigendum to "Relative frequency of avascular necrosis of the hip as indication for primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in the USA vs. India" [J. Orthop. 36C (2023) 1-6].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.

tauFisher accurately predicts circadian time from a single sample of bulk and single-cell transcriptomic data.

As the circadian clock regulates fundamental biological processes, disrupted clocks are often observed in patients and diseased tissues. Determining the circadian time of the patient or the tissue of focus is essential in circadian medicine and research. Here we present tau-Fisher, a computational pipeline that accurately predicts circadian time from a single transcriptomic sample by finding correlations between rhythmic genes within the sample.

Tea leaf disease detection and identification based on YOLOv7 (YOLO-T).

A reliable and accurate diagnosis and identification system is required to prevent and manage tea leaf diseases. Tea leaf diseases are detected manually, increasing time and affecting yield quality and productivity. This study aims to present an artificial intelligence-based solution to the problem of tea leaf disease detection by training the fastest single-stage object detection model, YOLOv7, on the diseased tea leaf dataset collected from four prominent tea gardens in Bangladesh.

How and Why the Circadian Clock Regulates Proliferation of Adult Epithelial Stem Cells.

First described in the early 20th century, diurnal oscillations in stem cell proliferation exist in multiple internal epithelia, including in the gastrointestinal tract, and in the epidermis. In the mouse epidermis, 3- to 4-fold more stem cells are in S-phase during the night than during the day. More recent work showed that an intact circadian clock intrinsic to keratinocytes is required for these oscillations in epidermal stem cell proliferation.