A Careful Insight into DDI-Type Receptor Layers on the Way to Improvement of Click-Biology-Based Immunosensors.

Protein-based microarrays are important tools for high-throughput medical diagnostics, offering versatile platforms for multiplex immunodetection. However, challenges arise in protein microarrays due to the heterogeneous nature of proteins and, thus, differences in their immobilization conditions. This article advocates DNA-directed immobilization (DDI) as a solution, emphasizing its rapid and cost-effective fabrication of biosensing platforms.

Au-X (X=Pt/Ru)-decorated magnetic nanocubes as bifunctional nanozyme labels in colorimetric, magnetically-enhanced, one-step sandwich CRP immunoassay.

Scientific interest in the investigation and application of multifunctional nanomaterials in medical diagnostics has been increasing. The employment of magnetocatalytic immunoconjugates as both analyte-capturing agents and enzyme-like catalytic labels may enable rapid preconcentration and determination of relevant antigens. In this work, we synthesized and comprehensively characterized two types of noble metal-decorated magnetic nanocubes (MDMCs) which were subsequently applied in the one-step, sandwich nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA).

Substance Use Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment in Multiple Settings: Evaluation of a National Initiative.

Purpose: This study evaluated the implementation and outcomes of a multisite initiative to identify and intervene in adolescent substance use across the many settings where youth interact. This paper focuses on the implementation and intermediate outcomes of the initiative, while others in the supplement address impact and ultimate outcomes.

Methods: A mixed-methods cross-grantee evaluation was conducted from 2014 to 2019 among 56 recipients of funding from the Conrad N.

Substance use and firearm access among college freshmen.

Objective: Examine the proportion of students with rapid firearm access and associations with recent alcohol and marijuana use.

Participants: Cross-sectional data from college freshmen ( = 183) in 2020 who participated in the study.

Methods: Using logistic regression, associations were examined between past 30-day substance use and access to firearms within 15-min.

Recent Advancements in Receptor Layer Engineering for Applications in SPR-Based Immunodiagnostics.

The rapid progress in the development of surface plasmon resonance-based immunosensing platforms offers wide application possibilities in medical diagnostics as a label-free alternative to enzyme immunoassays. The early diagnosis of diseases or metabolic changes through the detection of biomarkers in body fluids requires methods characterized by a very good sensitivity and selectivity. In the case of the SPR technique, as well as other surface-sensitive detection strategies, the quality of the transducer-immunoreceptor interphase is crucial for maintaining the analytical reliability of an assay.

Trends in the Use of Residential Settings Among Older Adults.

Objectives: As the U.S. population ages, the prevalence of disability and functional limitations, and demand for long-term services and supports (LTSS), will increase.

Resistance and Adaptation of Bacteria to Non-Antibiotic Antibacterial Agents: Physical Stressors, Nanoparticles, and Bacteriophages.

Antimicrobial resistance is a significant threat to human health worldwide, forcing scientists to explore non-traditional antibacterial agents to support rapid interventions and combat the emergence and spread of drug resistant bacteria. Many new antibiotic-free approaches are being developed while the old ones are being revised, resulting in creating unique solutions that arise at the interface of physics, nanotechnology, and microbiology. Specifically, physical factors (e.

Demographic Variation in Military Life Stress and Perceived Support Among Military Spouses.

Introduction: Military spouses play a critical role in supporting military service members, and thus, their experiences may have a significant impact on the well-being, readiness, and resilience of the U.S. Armed Forces.

How are States Measuring It?: National Survey Findings on State Access Monitoring Efforts for Fee-for-Service Medicaid Enrollees.

For many years, barriers to access have been a significant concern in the Medicaid program. In November 2015, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services issued a Final Rule that requires states to submit access monitoring plans every three years beginning in October 2016. State access monitoring plans must focus on five categories of service and three domains for measuring and monitoring access to care.

A Finger-Stick Whole-Blood HIV Self-Test as an HIV Screening Tool Adapted to the General Public.

Background: In 2013, the French Health Authority approved the use of HIV self-tests in pharmacies for the general public. This screening tool will allow an increase in the number of screenings and a reduction in the delay between infection and diagnosis, thus reducing the risk of further infections. We previously compared 5 HIV-self test candidates (4 oral fluid and one whole blood) and demonstrated that the whole blood HIV test exhibited the optimal level of performance (sensitivity/specificity).

Users of Medicaid home and community-based services are especially vulnerable to costly avoidable hospital admissions.

Although Medicaid's coverage of home and community-based services and the program's capacity to provide such services have increased markedly in recent years, relatively little is known about the population that uses these services. We combined Medicaid and Medicare data to characterize the national Medicaid population of service users by key demographic and health-related attributes. We also assessed one important dimension of their health outcomes: potentially avoidable hospital admissions.

Strong Rural Communities Initiative (SRCI) program: challenges in promoting healthier lifestyles.

Background: The Strong Rural Communities Initiative (SRCI) was created to address the health needs of rural Wisconsin communities through a multifaceted partnership that included the Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UWSMPH), the Rural Health Development Council (RHDC), and hospitals, public health departments, and businesses in 6 rural communities in Wisconsin. The SRCI provided a broad framework of leadership to assist each of the 6 rural communities in developing and implementing new, collaborative interventions that addressed the specific health needs of the community.

Methods: Separate assessments were conducted for the communities that partnered with each respective medical school and focused on the processes of community collaboration and partnership function.

Challenges and approaches to the identification of traumatic brain injury among nursing home residents.

The Minimum Data Set (MDS) is a standardized, federally mandated assessment tool used to identify the needs of nursing home residents and rehabilitation and nursing services received on a routine basis. These data can be used to identify people with traumatic brain injury (TBI), where a diagnosis is recorded. However, both limitations of the MDS and the presence of other neurological issues that can be confused with TBI can reduce the likelihood that brain injury is identified where it exists.

Nursing home capabilities and decisions to hospitalize: a survey of medical directors and directors of nursing.

Objectives: To obtain information from decision makers about attitudes toward hospitalization and the factors that influence their decisions to hospitalize nursing home residents.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Four hundred forty-eight nursing homes, 76% of which were nonprofit, from 25 states.

A team approach to bladder retraining: a pilot study.

Research has shown that bladder retraining can reverse or reduce symptoms of urge or stress/urge incontinence. An analysis of the A+ Links bladder-retraining program showed improved urinary symptoms and improved quality of life. There were statistically significant reductions in nocturia and episodes of urinary incontinence.

ANA nurse sensitive quality indicators for long-term care facilities.

Nurse sensitive quality indicators, developed through the American Nurses Association's (ANA) Safety and Quality Initiative, are key to evaluating the quality of patient care in acute care settings. This study found that the ANA quality indicators were also relevant for long-term care facilities. Long-term care facilities can be part of the ANA Safety and Quality Initiative by collecting and reporting nurse sensitive quality indicators and submitting data to the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators.

Residential care supply and cognitive and physical problem case mix in nursing homes.

Objectives: A rapid evolution has occurred in state policy and industry practices relative to assisted living and expanded use of residential care facilities for people with physical and cognitive frailty, yet relatively little is known about the interrelationship between this housing supply and nursing-home case mix.

Methods: The association between residential care supply and the proportion of cognitively and physically impaired nursing facility residents was examined in more than 1,500 facilities in five states.

Results: The proportion of nursing-home cases with only physical and cognitive impairment likely to be affected by emerging long-term care policy appears to be well under 10%.

Modeling Medicare costs of PACE (Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly) populations.

Historically, Medicare has paid PACE providers a monthly capitated rate equal to 95 percent of the site's county AAPCC multiplied by a PACE-specific frailty adjuster of 2.39. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 makes PACE a permanent provider category and mandates that future Medicare payments be based upon the rate structure of the Medicare+Choice payment system, adjusted for the comparative frailty of PACE enrollees and other factors deemed to be appropriate by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.

Nursing home staffing and its relationship to deficiencies.

Objectives: The authors examined the relationships between different types of nursing home staffing and nursing home deficiencies to test the hypothesis that fewer staff hours would be associated with higher numbers of deficiencies.

Methods: Data were from the On-Line Survey, Certification, and Reporting System for all certified nursing homes in the United States. Regression models examined total deficiencies, quality of care, quality of life, and other deficiencies.

Understanding lesbians' mammography utilization.

Lesbians face unique barriers to health care, and may be at higher risk for breast cancer than are other women. Yet, no research on lesbians and mammography utilization exists. We conducted telephone interviews of 107 lesbians aged 51-80, of whom 68 had had mammograms in the last year and 39 had not.

Nursing home quality indicators and quality improvement initiatives.

Quality indicators and a quality monitoring system developed for use in the regulatory survey process offer a quality improvement tool for nursing home staff. The systematic use of resident assessment data can aid in the identification of quality of care problems and the determination of the nature of those problems. The approach is particularly useful in routine and special quality assurance efforts.