The Effect of Hypoxia on Irisin Expression in HL-1 Cardiomyocytes.

Background/aim: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. In 2019, 523 million people were diagnosed with CVD, with 18.6 million deaths.

Toxicity of New Psychoactive Substance (NPS): Threo-4-methylmethylphenidate (4-Mmph) - Prediction of toxicity using in silico methods.

This study represents the first application of in silico methods to evaluate the toxicity of 4-methylphenidate (4-Mmph), a new psychoactive substance (NPS). Using advanced in silico toxicology tools, it was feasible to anticipate key aspects of 4-Mmph's toxicological profile, including acute toxicity (LD), genotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and possible endocrine disruption. The findings indicate significant acute toxicity with variability among species, a high potential for adverse effects in the gastrointestinal system and lungs, a low genotoxic potential, a significant likelihood of skin irritation, and a notable cardiotoxicity risk associated with hERG channel inhibition.

Toxicovigilance 2.0 - modern approaches for the hazard identification and risk assessment of toxicants in human beings: A review.

The attempt to define toxicovigilance can be based on defining its fundamental principles: prevention of infections with toxic substances, collecting information on poisonings, both in terms of their sources and side effects, and confirming poisonings, with the aim of improving treatment. Substances referred to include both those originating from animal bites, ingested inadvertently, and those resulting from environmental poisoning in industrial regions of countries, etc. In this review, we provide information about the crucial function of poison control centres in toxicovigilance, the importance of incorporating big data analytics and artificial intelligence to streamline toxicovigilance processes, and examples of toxicovigilance in different countries.

The Role of Irisin/FNDC5 Expression and Its Serum Level in Breast Cancer.

Irisin (Ir) is an adipomyokine formed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which can be found in various cancer tissues. Additionally, FNDC5/Ir is suspected of inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. This relationship has been poorly studied for breast cancer (BC).

Prolactin-induced protein (PIP) increases the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to drug-induced apoptosis.

We have previously shown that high expression of prolactin-induced protein (PIP) correlates with the response of breast cancer (BC) patients to standard adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide), which suggests that the absence of this glycoprotein is associated with resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed the impact of PIP expression on resistance of BC cells to anti-cancer drugs and its biological role in BC progression. Expression of PIP and apoptotic genes in BC cell lines was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting.

Association of Irisin/FNDC5 with ERRα and PGC-1α Expression in NSCLC.

The rapid growth and division of cancer cells are associated with mitochondrial biogenesis or switching to glycolysis. ERRα, PGC-1α and irisin/FNDC5 are some of the proteins that can influence these processes. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of these proteins in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate their association with clinicopathological parameters.

Expression of Irisin/FNDC5 in Breast Cancer.

Irisin is a myokine formed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5), which can be found in various cancer tissues. FNDC5 and irisin levels have been poorly studied in the tumor tissues of breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to determine the levels of irisin expression in BC tissues and compare them to clinicopathological factors and Ki-67 and PGC-1α expression levels.

Types of deviation and review criteria in pretreatment central quality control of tumor bed boost in medulloblastoma-an analysis of the German Radiotherapy Quality Control Panel in the SIOP PNET5 MB trial.

Purpose: In Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, pretreatment radiotherapy quality control (RT-QC) for tumor bed boost (TB) in non-metastatic medulloblastoma (MB) was not mandatory but was recommended for patients enrolled in the SIOP PNET5 MB trial between 2014 and 2018. This individual case review (ICR) analysis aimed to evaluate types of deviations in the initial plan proposals and develop uniform review criteria for TB boost.

Patients And Methods: A total of 78 patients were registered in this trial, of whom a subgroup of 65 patients were available for evaluation of the TB treatment plans.

Role of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 in Cancer: Genetic Basis, Impact on Disease Development/Progression, and Potential as Therapeutic Targets.

Glycolysis is a crucial metabolic process in rapidly proliferating cells such as cancer cells. Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) is a key rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis. Its efficiency is allosterically regulated by numerous substances occurring in the cytoplasm.

Cyberknife hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (CK-hSRS) as salvage treatment for brain metastases.

Purpose: The introduction of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (hSRS) extended the treatment modalities beyond the well-established single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy. Here, we report the efficacy and side effects of hSRS using Cyberknife (CK-hSRS) for the treatment of patients with critical brain metastases (BM) and a very poor prognosis. We discuss our experience in light of current literature.

Evaluation of Prognostic Factors and Role of Participation in a Randomized Trial or a Prospective Registry in Pediatric and Adolescent Nonmetastatic Medulloblastoma - A Report From the HIT 2000 Trial.

Purpose: We aimed to compare treatment results in and outside of a randomized trial and to confirm factors influencing outcome in a large retrospective cohort of nonmetastatic medulloblastoma treated in Austria, Switzerland and Germany.

Methods And Materials: Patients with nonmetastatic medulloblastoma (n = 382) aged 4 to 21 years and primary neurosurgical resection between 2001 and 2011 were assessed. Between 2001 and 2006, 176 of these patients (46.

Pretreatment central quality control for craniospinal irradiation in non-metastatic medulloblastoma : First experiences of the German radiotherapy quality control panel in the SIOP PNET5 MB trial.

Purpose: Several studies have demonstrated the negative impact of radiotherapy protocol deviations on tumor control in medulloblastoma. In the SIOP PNET5 MB trial, a pretreatment radiotherapy quality control (RT-QC) program was introduced. A first analysis for patients enrolled in Germany, Switzerland and Austria with focus on types of deviations in the initial plan proposals and review criteria for modern radiation technologies was performed.

First evidence of the protective role of melatonin in counteracting cadmium toxicity in the rat ovary via the mTOR pathway.

Herein, the first evidence of the ability of melatonin (MLT) to counteract cadmium (Cd) toxic effects on the rat ovary is reported. Cd treatment, enhancing oxidative stress, provoked clear morphological, histological and biomolecular alterations, i.e.

Effects of Long-Term High-Fat Diet and Its Reversal on Lipids and Lipoproteins Composition in Thoracic Duct Lymph in Pigs.

BACKGROUND This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of a long-term high-fat diet on lipids and lipoproteins composition in thoracic duct lymph in pigs. MATERIAL AND METHODS We examined lymph taken from the thoracic duct from 24 female white sharp-ear pigs, divided into 3 experimental groups fed different diets for 12 months: (a) the control group, fed the standard balanced diet; (b) the HFD group, fed an unbalanced, high-fat diet, and (c) the reversal diet group (RD), fed an unbalanced, high-fat diet for 9 months and then a standard balanced diet for 3 months. RESULTS Lymph analysis after 12 months of fixed diets revealed significantly higher concentration of proteins in the HFD group in comparison to the control and RD groups.

Expression of Irisin/FNDC5 in Cancer Cells and Stromal Fibroblasts of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Recent in vitro studies have indicated that irisin inhibits proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Irisin expression has not been studied in tumour tissues of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients yet. The aim of the study was to determine the irisin expression in NSCLCs in comparison to the clinicopathological factors and expression of TTF-1, p63 and Ki-67.

Prognostic Impact of Melatonin Receptors MT1 and MT2 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).

: Several studies have investigated the inhibitory effect of melatonin on lung cancer cells. There are no data available on the prognostic impact of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). : Immunohistochemical studies of MT1 and MT2 were conducted on NSCLC (N = 786) and non-malignant lung tissue (NMLT) (N = 120) using tissue microarrays.

Correlation of Expression of CHI3L1 and Nogo-A and their Role in Angiogenesis in Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Chitinase 3 like 1 (CHI3L1) is a secretion glycoprotein. Elevated levels of this protein are observed in cancer diseases. The biological role of CHI3L1 is not yet fully known, but the connection between CHI3L1 and angiogenesis has been shown.

MCM5 Expression Is Associated With the Grade of Malignancy and Ki-67 Antigen in LSCC.

Background/aim: The minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) may be potential biomarkers of cancer cell proliferation. They are essential to initiate DNA replication. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of MCM5 expression in benign lesions (BLs) and laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC).

Role of PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Prognostic Significance according to Clinicopathological Factors and Diagnostic Markers.

Background: The latest immunotherapy, used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), uses monoclonal antibodies directed against programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to inhibit its interaction with the PD-1 receptor. Elevated levels of PD-L1 expression were observed on NSCLC cells. The association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features is still unclear.

Prolactin-induced protein (PIP)-characterization and role in breast cancer progression.

Prolactin-induced protein (PIP) is a small secreted glycoprotein carrying several N-linked carbohydrate chains. The expression of PIP is generally restricted to cells with apocrine properties. It was found in apocrine glands of the axilla, vulva, eyelid, ear canal, and seminal vesicle.

Postoperative local fractionated radiotherapy for resected single brain metastases.

Purpose: Evaluation of postoperative fractionated local 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3DRT) of the resection cavity in brain metastases.

Patients And Methods: Between 2011 and 2016, 57 patients underwent resection of a single, previously untreated (37/57, 65%) or recurrent (20/57, 35%) brain metastasis (median maximal diameter 3.5 cm [1.

Robotic Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Melanoma Patients with Brain Metastases under Simultaneous Anti-PD-1 Treatment.

Combination concepts of radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition are currently of high interest. We examined imaging findings, acute toxicity, and local control in patients with melanoma brain metastases receiving programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and/or robotic stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Twenty-six patients treated with SRS alone ( = 13; 20 lesions) or in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy ( = 13; 28 lesions) were analyzed.

Proton versus photon deep inspiration breath hold technique in patients with hodgkin lymphoma and mediastinal radiation : A PLANNING COMPARISON OF DEEP INSPIRATION BREATH HOLD INTENSITY MODULATION RADIOTHERAPY AND INTENSITY MODULATED PROTON THERAPY.

Background: The benefits of proton therapy in the treatment of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are controversially discussed. Therefore we compared intensitiy modulated proton therapy (IMPT) with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), in the form of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), through a comparative treatment planning study.

Methods: Radiation plans for 21 patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) were computed for IMPT and deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) VMAT.