The fungus alters the influence of the endophyte on seed germination and the biomass of grass.

The fungal grass endophyte (Pers.) Tul. & C.

Effects of the Clonostachys epichloë fungal hyperparasite on the symbiotic interaction between Botanophila flies and Epichloë fungus.

Botanophila flies are associated with Epichloë fungi in a symbiotic relationship in which the flies benefit from stromata as a food source for both adults and larvae, and the fungus benefits from the transfer of conidia by the flies, resulting in fertilization. Derogations from this pattern indicate that the Epichloë-Botanophila interaction cannot be clearly defined. The situation may be complicated by reports of new elements of the interaction, e.

flies, vectors of fungal spores, are infected by .

fungi are endophytes within grasses that can form stromata on culms of their hosts. flies visit the stromata for egg laying and in the process can vector spermatial spores, thereby cross fertilising the fungus. Following egg hatch, larval flies consume fungal tissue and spores.

Incidence, Identification, and Mycoparasitic Activity of Clonostachys epichloë, a Hyperparasite of the Fungal Endophyte Epichloë typhina.

Fungi of the genus Epichloë (Clavicipitaceae, Ascomycota) cause choke disease in many grass species. The disease manifests itself as fungal stromata that form around developing inflorescences, thereby suppressing their maturation. Economic losses in agricultural production due to choke have long been known in the U.