Mutagenicity of a bi-stranded clustered DNA lesion containing (5'S) or (5'R) 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyAdenosine in Escherichia coli model.

Ionizing radiation induces DNA damage, including characteristic clusters and tandem lesions e.g., 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyPurines (cdPus).

The Influence of 5',8-Cyclo-2'-deoxypurines on the Mitochondrial Repair of Clustered DNA Damage in Xrs5 Cells: The Preliminary Study.

The 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxypurines (cdPus) affect the DNA structure. When these bulky structures are a part of clustered DNA lesions (CDL), they affect the repair of the other lesions within the cluster. Mitochondria are crucial for cell survival and have their own genome, hence, are highly interesting in the context of CDL repair.

Effects of 5',8'-Cyclo-2'-Deoxypurines on the Base Excision Repair of Clustered DNA Lesions in Nuclear Extracts of the XPC Cell Line.

Clustered DNA lesions (CDL) containing 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxypurines (cdPus) are an example of extensive abnormalities occurring in the DNA helix and may impede cellular repair processes. The changes in the efficiency of nuclear base excision repair (BER) were investigated using (a) two cell lines, one of the normal skin fibroblasts as a reference (BJ) and the second from patients' skin (XPC), and (b) synthetic oligonucleotides with single- and double-stranded CDL (containing 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cdA) and the abasic (AP) site at various distances between lesions). The nuclear BER has been observed and the effect of both cdA isomers (5' and 5') presence in the DNA was tested.

When UDG and hAPE1 Meet Cyclopurines. How (5') and (5') 5',8-Cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine and 5',8-Cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine Affect UDG and hAPE1 Activity?

Ionizing radiation is a factor that seriously damages cellular mechanisms/macromolecules, e.g., by inducing damage in the human genome, such as 5',8-cyclo-2'-deoxypurines (cdPus).

The Influence of 5' and 5' cdA and cdG on the Activity of BsmAI and SspI Restriction Enzymes.

Restriction endonucleases (REs) are intra-bacterial scissors that are considered tools in the fight against foreign genetic material. SspI and BsmAI, examined in this study, cleave dsDNA at their site of recognition or within a short distance of it. Both enzymes are representatives of type II REs, which have played an extremely important role in research on the genetics of organisms and molecular biology.

How (5'S) and (5'R) 5',8-Cyclo-2'-Deoxypurines Affect Base Excision Repair of Clustered DNA Damage in Nuclear Extracts of xrs5 Cells? A Biochemical Study.

The clustered DNA lesions (CDLs) are a characteristic feature of ionizing radiation's impact on the human genetic material. CDLs impair the efficiency of cellular repair machinery, especially base excision repair (BER). When CDLs contain a lesion repaired by BER (e.

Nutrition Can Help DNA Repair in the Case of Aging.

Micronutrients such as vitamins and trace elements are crucial for maintaining the health of all organisms. Micronutrients are involved in every cellular/biochemical process. They play roles in proper heart and brain functioning, influence immunological responses, and antioxidant defense systems.

The role of AMPK in metabolism and its influence on DNA damage repair.

One of the most complex health disproportions in the human body is the metabolic syndrome (MetS). It can result in serious health consequences such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis or insulin resistance. The center of energy regulation in human is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which modulates cells' metabolic pathways and protects them against negative effects of metabolic stress, e.

8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a Cause of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases (AITD) During Pregnancy?

The thyroid is not necessary to sustain life. However, thyroid hormones (TH) strongly affect the human body. Functioning of the thyroid gland affects the reproductive capabilities of women and men, as well as fertilization and maintaining a pregnancy.

The Similarities between Human Mitochondria and Bacteria in the Context of Structure, Genome, and Base Excision Repair System.

Mitochondria emerged from bacterial ancestors during endosymbiosis and are crucial for cellular processes such as energy production and homeostasis, stress responses, cell survival, and more. They are the site of aerobic respiration and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in eukaryotes. However, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is also the source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are both important and dangerous for the cell.

Two Faces of Vitamin C-Antioxidative and Pro-Oxidative Agent.

Vitamin C has been known for decades. It is common in everyday use as an element of the diet, supplementation, and a preservative. For years, research has been conducted to precisely determine the mechanism of action of ascorbate in the cell.

8-Oxo-7,8-Dihydro-2'-Deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as a Potential Biomarker for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Development.

The growing clinical and epidemiological significance of gestational diabetes mellitus results from its constantly increasing worldwide prevalence, obesity, and overall unhealthy lifestyle among women of childbearing age. Oxidative stress seems to be the most important predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus development. Disturbances in the cell caused by oxidative stress lead to different changes in biomolecules, including DNA.

Review: immunoassays in DNA damage and instability detection.

The review includes information on the current state of knowledge of immunometric methods with emphasis on the possibility of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage detection. Beginning with basic immunoassay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), this review describes methods such as tyramide signal amplification (TSA), enhanced polymer one-step staining (EPOS), and time resolved amplified cryptate emission (TRACE) as improvements of ELISA's developed over time to obtain more accurate results. In the second part of the review, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and quantum dots (QDs) are presented as the newest outlooks in the context of immunoanalysis of biological material and molecular studies.

Virus-directed enzyme prodrug therapy and the assessment of the cytotoxic impact of some benzimidazole derivatives.

Virus-directed enzyme prodrug therapy is one of the major strategy of increasing cytotoxicity of bioreductive agents. This research intended to examine new selected benzimidazole derivatives as a substrate for nitroreductase, the enzyme involved in nitroreduction which is responsible to the production of cytotoxic metabolites. In this way, the selectivity and strength of cytotoxicity can be raised.