IL-1 Signal Inhibition in Alcohol-Related Hepatitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Canakinumab.

Background And Aims: Short-term mortality in alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) is high, and no current therapy results in durable benefit. A role for interleukin (IL)-1β has been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced steatohepatitis. This study explored the safety and efficacy of canakinumab (CAN), a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-1β, in the treatment of patients with AH.

Predesigned perovskite crystal waveguides for room-temperature exciton-polariton condensation and edge lasing.

Perovskite crystals-with their exceptional nonlinear optical properties, lasing and waveguiding capabilities-offer a promising platform for integrated photonic circuitry within the strong-coupling regime at room temperature. Here we demonstrate a versatile template-assisted method to efficiently fabricate large-scale waveguiding perovskite crystals of arbitrarily predefined geometry such as microwires, couplers and splitters. We non-resonantly stimulate a condensate of waveguided exciton-polaritons resulting in bright polariton lasing from the transverse interfaces and corners of our perovskite microstructures.

Norbuprenorphine and respiratory depression: Exploratory analyses with new lyophilized buprenorphine and sublingual buprenorphine .

Objectives: To investigate plasma levels of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine and their relationship to respiratory depression.

Materials And Methods: Opioid-dependent subjects were randomized 2 : 1 to novel lyophilized rapid-disintegrating tablet ("bup-lyo") or standard sublingual buprenorphine tablet ("bup-SL"). Measurements included oximetry scores and linked plasma buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine levels.

Excess overdose mortality immediately following transfer of patients and their care as well as after cessation of opioid substitution therapy.

Aims: To investigate clustering of all-cause and overdose deaths after a transfer of patients and their care to alternative treatment provider and after the end of opioid substitution therapy (OST) in opioid-dependent individuals in specialist addiction treatment.

Design, Setting And Participants: Mortality data were identified within a sample of 5335 patients with opioid use disorder who had received OST treatment between 1 April 2008 and 31 December 2013 from a large mental health-care provider in the United Kingdom. We investigated the circumstances and distribution of the 332 deaths identified within the observation window with a specific focus on overdose deaths (n = 103) after a planned discharge, dropout and transfer between services.

Randomised Comparison of a Novel Buprenorphine Oral Lyophilisate versus Existing Buprenorphine Sublingual Tablets in Opioid-Dependent Patients: A First-in-Patient Phase II Randomised Open Label Safety Study.

Aims: To test the safety of new buprenorphine oral lyophilisate wafer ("bup-lyo") versus standard sub-lingual buprenorphine ("bup-SL").

Design: Randomised (2:1) open-label study; opioid-dependent subjects; subsequent partial cross-over.

Settings: Specialised clinical trials facility and addictions treatment facility.

Identifying mortality risks in patients with opioid use disorder using brief screening assessment: Secondary mental health clinical records analysis.

Background: Risk assessments are widely used, but their ability to predict outcomes in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment remains unclear. Therefore, the aim was to investigate if addiction-specific brief risk screening is effective in identifying high mortality risk groups and if subsequent clinical actions following risk assessment impacts on mortality levels.

Methods: Opioid use disorder (OUD) patients were identified in the South London and Maudsley Case Register.

Double trouble: Psychiatric comorbidity and opioid addiction-all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Background: Opioid misusers have recognized high mortality but the influence of psychiatric comorbidity in excess cause-specific mortality is unclear.

Methods: Opioid use disorder (OUD) patients were identified in the South London and Maudsley Case Register. Deaths were identified through database linkage to the national mortality dataset.

[Polymorphism rs9939609 of FTO gene is related to the body mass index in children from Podlaskie voievodship].

Introduction: The presence of obesity and the features of metabolic syndrome plays a predictive role in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adults. It seems reasonable to seek new risk factors in the development of CVD. Defining the genetic background of obesity could help to select patients from a high risk group and help to introduce prevention and treatment, which, in consequence, lead to the lowering of morbidity and mortality.