Future targets for migraine treatment beyond CGRP.

Background: Migraine is a disabling and chronic neurovascular headache disorder. Trigeminal vascular activation and release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of migraine. This knowledge has led to the development of CGRP(-receptor) therapies.

Genetics of migraine: where are we now?

Migraine is a complex brain disorder explained by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. In monogenic migraines, including familial hemiplegic migraine and migraine with aura associated with hereditary small-vessel disorders, the identified genes code for proteins expressed in neurons, glial cells, or vessels, all of which increase susceptibility to cortical spreading depression. The study of monogenic migraines has shown that the neurovascular unit plays a prominent role in migraine.

The sense of stopping migraine prophylaxis.

Introduction: Migraine prophylactic therapy has changed over recent years with the development and approval of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway. As new therapies emerged, leading headache societies have been providing guidelines on the initiation and escalation of such therapies. However, there is a lack of robust evidence looking at the duration of successful prophylaxis and the effects of therapy discontinuation.

Primary headache epidemiology in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Headache is the most prevalent neurological manifestation in adults and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. In children and adolescents, headaches are arguably responsible for a remarkable impact on physical and psychological issues, yet high-quality evidence is scarce.

Material And Methods: We searched cross-sectional and cohort studies in Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases from January 1988 to June 2022 to identify the prevalence of headaches in 8-18 years old individuals.

New biochemical, immune and molecular markers in lung cancer: Diagnostic and prognostic opportunities.

Lung cancer is one of the most common neoplasms and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite recent progress in understanding the pathomechanisms of lung cancer, it is frequently associated with late diagnosis, high incidence of metastases and poor response to treatment. Thus, there is extensive research in the field of biomarkers that aims to optimize management of lung cancer.

What can we learn from the online learning experiences of medical students in Poland during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?

Background: In March 2020, due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the Polish government ordered the closing of all medical faculties, with an obligatory shift to online learning. This lockdown continued, with a short period of blended learning, over the time of summer 2020. Distance learning had previously been rarely used within Polish medical schools, so such a sudden transfer was a major challenge.

New methods of differentiation between primary and secondary hypertension in a pediatric population: A single-center experience.

Background: Kidney diseases are the main causative factors of secondary hypertension (HTN) in children. Although primary HTN is less common in the pediatric population, its increasing prevalence, especially among teenagers, makes early diagnosis an emerging issue.

Objectives: To analyze the potential differences between primary HTN and HTN secondary to renal diseases, in order to tailor diagnostic procedures to pediatric patients with suspicion of HTN.

Social participation of patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: The effect multiple sclerosis (MS) has on the social functioning and integration of patients has been recently considered as an important factor of the disease.

Objectives: To assess social participation of MS patients with regard to demographic and disease-related variables.

Material And Methods: The study comprised 201 MS patients: 140 women, 61 men, aged 24-69 years.

Early Complications in Patients Undergoing Elective Open Surgery for Infrarenal Aortic Aneurysms.

Objective: To assess the type and frequency of early postoperative complications in patients after open surgical infrarenal aneurysms repair and determination of their risk factors.

Study Design: An observational study Place and Duration of Study: The 4th Military Teaching Hospital in Wroclaw, Poland, from January 2012 to December 2016.

Methodology: Analyses of medical records of 205 patients treated for infrarenal aneurysm with open surgery.

Oncologists and Breaking Bad News-From the Informed Patients' Point of View. The Evaluation of the SPIKES Protocol Implementation.

The way that bad news is disclosed to a cancer patient has a crucial impact on physician-patient cooperation and trust. Consensus-based guidelines provide widely accepted tools for disclosing unfavorable information. In oncology, the most popular one is called the SPIKES protocol.

Comparison of the Incidence of Complications and Secondary Surgical Interventions Necessary in Patients with Chronic Lower Limb Ischemia Treated by Both Open and Endovascular Surgeries.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects 3%-10% of the population before the age of 70 years and 15%-20% after that age.The aim of the study was to compare the incidence of complications and secondary interventions in patients who underwent each type of treatment.

Methods: We analyzed 734 medical records of the Department of Surgery at the 4th Military Teaching Hospital in Wroclaw, In total, 394 were operated on with open surgery; an endarterectomy (59.