A cross-sectional analysis of treatment patterns in small-cell lung cancer in five European countries.

To investigate changes in treatment patterns in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK (EU5) between 2018 and 2021. Cross-sectional data from an oncology database were analyzed retrospectively. Of 5832 eligible patients, 88.

KRAS G12C Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Linked to Female Sex and High Risk of CNS Metastasis: Population-based Demographics and Survival Data From the National Swedish Lung Cancer Registry.

Background: Real-world data on demographics related to KRAS mutation subtypes are crucial as targeted drugs against the p.G12C variant have been approved.

Method: We identified 6183 NSCLC patients with reported NGS-based KRAS status in the Swedish national lung cancer registry between 2016 and 2019.

KRAS G12C mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Characteristics, treatment patterns and overall survival from a Danish nationwide observational register study.

Objectives: We aimed to characterize the advanced NSCLC population in terms of KRAS G12C prevalence, patient characteristics, and survival outcomes after the introduction of immunotherapies.

Materials And Methods: We identified adult patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between January 1, 2018 and June 30, 2021 using the Danish health registries. Patients were grouped by mutational status (any KRAS mutation, KRAS G12C, and KRAS/EGFR/ALK wildtype [Triple WT]).

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression on PET/CT in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Monitoring therapy response in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with novel hormonal therapies, taxanes, and newly approved therapies is crucial for optimizing treatment. [Ga]Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-11 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) is a promising target for managing treatment in patients with prostate cancer. PSMA is overexpressed in patients with mCRPC; understanding how expression might change in patients undergoing treatment could determine its potential for guiding clinical decisions.

Awareness of the link between human papillomavirus and oral cancer in UK university students.

Awareness of the link between human papillomavirus (HPV) and oral cancer varies across populations. Levels of awareness and factors may impact HPV vaccine uptake in women and the intent to obtain the vaccine in men if it becomes available. A cross-sectional survey of 1415 UK university students (495 men and 920 women) aged 18-25 years was conducted.

A Retrospective Chart Review Study of Real-World Use of Talimogene Laherparepvec in Unresectable Stage IIIB-IVM1a Melanoma in Four European Countries.

Introduction: Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC; IMLYGIC, Amgen Inc.) is an oncolytic immunotherapy approved in Europe for the treatment of unresectable metastatic melanoma (stage IIIB-IVM1a). This study characterised real-world use of T-VEC in four European countries.

Real-world use of talimogene laherparepvec in Germany: a retrospective observational study using a prescription database.

There is a growing body of data on real-world use of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC). We aimed to characterize real-world T-VEC use using a nationally representative German prescription database covering 60% of prescriptions reimbursed. A retrospective analysis was conducted using the German IMS LRx prescription database, analyzing patients aged ≥18 years with an initial T-VEC prescription at 10 plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml and ≥1 subsequent prescription at 10 PFU/ml.

Cinacalcet-induced hypocalcemia in a cohort of European haemodialysis patients: predictors, therapeutic approaches and outcomes.

Background: Calcimimetic treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic dialysis patients is often followed by hypocalcemia.

Methods: We investigated the frequency, predictors, consequences and therapeutic responses following cinacalcet-induced hypocalcemia in an incident European hemodialysis cohort of 1068 patients with a cinacalcet prescription.

Results: Of 905 normocalcemic patients initiating cinacalcet, 67% developed hypocalcemia within 12 months: 68% mild, 23% moderate, 9% severe.

Perception about barriers and facilitators of the school-based HPV vaccine program of Manizales, Colombia: A qualitative study in school-enrolled girls and their parents.

In 2012, Colombia implemented a school-based HPV vaccination program of a 3-dose series for nine year old girls. Following a mass psychogenic response after vaccination in a Colombian town, vaccination rates dropped from 80% in 2012-2013 to 5% in 2016. The study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccine uptake among girls eligible for vaccination in the initial years of vaccine implementation from 2012 to 2014, and their parents.

Real-World Use of Talimogene Laherparepvec in German Patients with Stage IIIB to IVM1a Melanoma: A Retrospective Chart Review and Physician Survey.

Introduction: Talimogene laherparepvec is a first-in-class oncolytic immunotherapy for intratumoral injection with proven efficacy and tolerability in patients with unresectable early metastatic melanoma (stage IIIB-IVM1a) in the pivotal phase III OPTiM study. The objective was to characterize melanoma patients treated with talimogene laherparepvec in routine clinical practice in Germany.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted in unresectable stage IIIB-IVM1a melanoma patients.

Evaluation of Dried Blood Spots and Oral Fluids as Alternatives to Serum for Human Papillomavirus Antibody Surveillance.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination elicits high-titer genotype-specific antibody responses that are associated with a reduced risk of cervical disease caused by vaccine-incorporated genotypes. Our objective was to evaluate dried blood spots (DBSs) and oral mucosal transudate (OMT) as alternative samples to serum to confirm HPV vaccine antibody status. A study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of detecting HPV16 and HPV18 antibodies in OMT, DBSs, and sera among women who self-reported being unvaccinated or fully vaccinated with the HPV vaccine.

Effect of HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening in England by ethnicity: a modelling study.

Background: Health equality is increasingly being considered alongside overall health gain when assessing public health interventions. However, the trade-off between the direct effects of vaccination and herd immunity could lead to unintuitive consequences for the distribution of disease burden within a population. We used a transmission dynamic model of human papillomavirus (HPV) to investigate the effect of ethnic disparities in vaccine and cervical screening uptake on inequality in disease incidence in England.

Trends in head and neck cancers in England from 1995 to 2011 and projections up to 2025.

Background: The magnitude of the growing burden of oropharyngeal cancers (OPC), a sub-set of head and neck cancers (HNC), is unknown in England.

Methods: Data were extracted from population-based cancer registries in England. The burden of HNC overall and by anatomic site was described from 1995 to 2011.

Access to artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) and other anti-malarials: national policy and markets in Sierra Leone.

Malaria remains the leading burden of disease in post-conflict Sierra Leone. To overcome the challenge of anti-malarial drug resistance and improve effective treatment, Sierra Leone adopted artemisinin-combination therapy artesunate-amodiaquine (AS+AQ) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria.

The high comorbidity burden of the hepatitis C virus infected population in the United States.

Background: Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) disease can be complicated with comorbid conditions that may impact treatment eligibility and outcomes. The aim of the study was to systematically review comorbidities and symptoms in an HCV infected population, specifically assessing comorbidities associated with HCV anti-viral treatment and disease, as well as comparing comorbidities between an HCV infected and uninfected control population.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study within a United States medical claims database among patients with chronic HCV designed to estimate the two-year period prevalence of comorbidities.

Smoking and passive smoking in cervical cancer risk: pooled analysis of couples from the IARC multicentric case-control studies.

Background: The independent role of tobacco smoking in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) has been established. We evaluated the potential impact of passive smoking (PS).

Methods: A pooled analysis of 1,919 couples enrolled in one of seven case-control studies involving cervical carcinoma in situ (CIS) or ICC was investigated.

Access to artesunate-amodiaquine, quinine and other anti-malarials: policy and markets in Burundi.

Background: Malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in post-conflict Burundi. To counter the increasing challenge of anti-malarial drug resistance and improve highly effective treatment Burundi adopted artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria and oral quinine as second-line treatment in its national treatment policy in 2003. Uptake of this policy in the public, private and non-governmental (NGO) retail market sectors of Burundi is relatively unknown.

Epidemiology and prevention of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a comprehensive review.

Objectives: To identify the gaps of knowledge and highlight the challenges and opportunities for controlling cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Methods: A comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature to summarize the epidemiological data on human papillomavirus (HPV) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) by HIV status, to review feasible and effective cervical screening strategies, and to identify barriers in the introduction of HPV vaccination in SSA.

Results: ICC incidence in SSA is one of the highest in the world with an age-standardized incidence rate of 31.

Epidemiology and prevention of cervical cancer in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam.

Cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancers in women from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, particularly HPV-16 and 18, are consistently identified in cervical cancer cases regardless of geographical region. Factors that have been identified to increase the likelihood of HPV exposure or subsequent development of cervical cancer include young age at first intercourse, high parity and multiple sexual partners.

Burden and trends of type-specific human papillomavirus infections and related diseases in the Asia Pacific region.

We present the burden of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers (cancers of the cervix, anogenital areas, and oral cavity and pharynx) in terms of incidence and mortality, for the countries of the Asia Pacific region. The region contains more than half of the world population, and manifests a wide geographic diversity in the prevalence of infection with HPV, and of incidence (and mortality) rates of cancer of the cervix. In general, rates of cancer of the cervix have declined since the 1960's; 67% of cases are associated with HPV-16 and 18.

Influence of cannabis use on severity of hepatitis C disease.

Background & Aims: Complications of HCV infection are primarily related to the development of advanced fibrosis and whether cannabis use is a risk factor for more severe fibrosis is controversial.

Methods: Baseline data from a prospective cohort study of 204 persons with chronic HCV infection were used for analysis. The outcome was fibrosis score on biopsy, and the primary predictor evaluated was daily cannabis use.