Elevated Galectin-3 levels in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer - implication of ROS mediated suppression of NK cell antitumor response via tumor-associated neutrophils.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is a lethal disease with low survival rates for women diagnosed in advanced stages. Current cancer immunotherapies are not efficient in ovarian cancer, and there is therefore a significant need for novel treatment options. The β-galactoside-binding lectin, Galectin-3, is involved in different immune processes and has been associated with poor outcome in various cancer diagnoses.

"I will get out of this" - The patients' experiences of early mobilisation in intensive care. A hermeneutic study.

Background: The significance of early mobilisation in intensive care has become increasingly apparent along with a growing understanding of patient experiences within this critical setting. However, there is still a need for more knowledge regarding the complex experiences of the patients. Therefore, this study aimed to gain an in-depth understanding of the significance and deeper meaning of early mobilisation in patients recently treated in intensive care.

Attitudes and Experiences Among Swedish NICU Nurses Regarding Skin-to-Skin Care of Infants Born at 22-23 Weeks of Gestation.

Background: Skin-to-skin care (SSC) is an evidence-based care method for preterm-born infants. Staff may hesitate to initiate early SSC, the first or second week of life, for the most extremely preterm infants; 1 reason could be nurses' attitudes.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the attitudes and experiences of neonatal nurses regarding early SSC for the most extremely preterm infants, born at gestational week (GW) 22-23, using an exploratory and descriptive approach.

Protocol to Support Skin-to-Skin Care and Closeness Between Parents and Neonates in the NICU.

Skin-to-skin care (SSC) is essential, can help to prevent separation of parents and the neonate in the NICU, and should be a standard practice. It can safely be integrated into the routine care of preterm neonates, those who require surgery, and those who require all levels of intensive care. Years of experience with the provision of SSC in our NICU influenced our approach to care and resulted in practice guidelines for the safe provision of SSC.

Patient as active partner - clue to successful early mobilization in intensive care.

Background: The evidence for the benefits of early mobilization in intensive care is growing. Early mobilization differs from most other interventions in intensive care since the patient's participation is requested. What kind of challenges this entails for the intensive care clinicians, and what is crucial in successful early mobilization from their perspective, is sparsely explored and was therefore the purpose of this study.

Identification of Tissue-Resident Natural Killer and T Lymphocytes with Anti-Tumor Properties in Ascites of Ovarian Cancer Patients.

Women with ovarian cancer have limited therapy options, with immunotherapy being unsatisfactory for a large group of patients. Tumor cells spread from the ovary or the fallopian tube into the abdominal cavity, which is commonly accompanied with massive ascites production. The ascites represents a unique peritoneal liquid tumor microenvironment with the presence of both tumor and immune cells, including cytotoxic lymphocytes.

Mammalian milk glycomes: Connecting the dots between evolutionary conservation and biosynthetic pathways.

Milk oligosaccharides (MOs) are among the most abundant constituents of breast milk and are essential for health and development. Biosynthesized from monosaccharides into complex sequences, MOs differ considerably between taxonomic groups. Even human MO biosynthesis is insufficiently understood, hampering evolutionary and functional analyses.

20/20: Where are Orthoptists Going?

The year 2020 has been greatly anticipated by the entire ophthalmic community. This year's Scobee lecture will be a photographic look at our past with the orthoptists and pediatric ophthalmologists we have learned from, taught, and worked with. A sobering snapshot of our present will reveal a world with extreme medical access inequality.

Randomized controlled trial of low vs high oxygen during neonatal anesthesia: Oxygenation, feasibility, and oxidative stress.

Background: To reduce risk for intermittent hypoxia a high fraction of inspired oxygen is routinely used during anesthesia induction. This differs from the cautious dosing of oxygen during neonatal resuscitation and intensive care and may result in significant hyperoxia.

Aim: In a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated oxygenation during general anesthesia with a low (23%) vs a high (80% during induction and recovery, and 40% during maintenance) fraction of inspired oxygen, in newborn infants undergoing surgery.

Nursing care of infants born extremely preterm.

With improving survival at the lowest gestations an increasing number of tiny and vulnerable infants are being cared for, and optimal outcomes require an approach to care that takes their specific characteristics into account. These include immature organ function and a risk for iatrogenic injury, and parental/familial strain due to the high degree of uncertainty, infant-mother separation, and long hospital stay. While the challenges in providing nursing care to these infants are obvious it is also clear that this field has tremendous potential to influence both short and long-term outcomes of this population.

The Swedish approach to nurturing extremely preterm infants and their families: A nursing perspective.

Nurturing extremely premature infants is a complicated task that not only necessitates a systematic approach to the immature physiology and its medical management, but also to the needs of the family. Infants born at 22-24 weeks require many weeks of intensive care including a long duration of mechanical ventilation, numerous stressful medical interventions, and for the parents to spend a lot of time in the Neonatal Intensive Care unit (NICU). This paper aims to outline the Swedish nursing approach to nurturing these infants and their families.

Nurses' experiences of serving as a communication guide and supporting the implementation of a communication intervention in the intensive care unit.

Purpose: : To explore the experience of serving as a nurse communication guide, supporting the bottom-up implementation of a multi-component communication intervention prototype in the intensive care unit.

Methods: : The overall frame was Complex Interventions, and the study was conducted within the phenomenological-hermeneutic tradition. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with eight nurse communication guides.

Regulatory T cells reduce endothelial neutral sphingomyelinase 2 to prevent T-cell migration into tumors.

Endothelial cells are key regulators of transendothelial migration and their secretion of chemokines and expression of adhesion molecules facilitates lymphocyte entry into tissues. Previously, we demonstrated that Tregs can reduce transendothelial migration of T cells into tumors by decreasing endothelial CXCL10 secretion, but the mechanism by which this occurs is still not known. In this study, we aimed to define how Tregs decrease transendothelial migration into tumors.

Older patients' recovery following intensive care: A follow-up study with the RAIN questionnaire.

Unlabelled: The aim was to investigate older patient recovery (65 years+) up to two years following discharge from an intensive care unit (ICU) using the Recovery After Intensive Care (RAIN) instrument and to correlate RAIN with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD).

Methods: An explorative and descriptive longitudinal design was used. Eighty-two patients answered RAIN and HAD at least twice following discharge.

Nurses' communication with mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit: Umbrella review.

Aim: To conduct a review summarizing evidence concerning communication with mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Background: ICU patients undergoing mechanical ventilation are unable to communicate verbally, causing many negative emotions. Due to changes in sedation practice, a growing number of patients are conscious and experience communication difficulties.

From fear to fight: Patients experiences of early mobilization in intensive care. A qualitative interview study.

: Early mobilization (EM) in intensive care is frequently used to prevent physical and psychological complications, with promising results. However, the patient´s perception of EM has been sparsely investigated. : To investigate the experience of EM in patients treated in intensive care.

Physiological Stability in Very Preterm Infants During Skin-to-Skin Contact as Assessed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Background: Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) has been demonstrated to allow adequate thermal stability in high-technology settings with extremely preterm infants, while other aspects on how SSC influences basic physiological parameters have been less extensively investigated.

Purpose: To evaluate physiological stability during SSC and incubator care in a group of preterm infants born at a gestational age (GA) of 32 weeks or less and receiving respiratory support.

Methods: Descriptive, observational study including 10 preterm infants (GA 22-32 weeks, postnatal age 2-48 days) were evaluated during SSC compared with flanking time periods in the incubator.

Interacting with parents in Sweden who hesitate or refrain from vaccinating their child.

The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' experiences of encountering parents who are hesitant about or refrain from vaccinating their child. A qualitative approach was chosen and data collected through individual, semi-structured interviews with 12 nurses. The text was analyzed using thematic analysis.

Nurse Decision Making and Attitudes About Circuit Disconnection During Ventilator Therapy at a Swedish Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Background: There are many challenges to providing care to infants in need of ventilator therapy. Yet, few studies describe the practical handling of the ventilator circuit during nursing care.

Purpose: To describe neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses' decision making regarding whether or not to disconnect the ventilator circuit when changing the infant's position and to investigate the grounds for their decisions.

Developing and evaluating an instrument to measure Recovery After INtensive care: the RAIN instrument.

Background: Measuring and evaluating patients' recovery, following intensive care, is essential for assessing their recovery process. By using a questionnaire, which includes spiritual and existential aspects, possibilities for identifying appropriate nursing care activities may be facilitated. The study describes the development and evaluation of a recovery questionnaire and its validity and reliability.

The Meaning of Being a Living Kidney, Liver, or Stem Cell Donor-A Meta-Ethnography.

Background: Studies on living donors from the donors' perspective show that the donation process involves both positive and negative feelings involving vulnerability. Qualitative studies of living kidney, liver, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell donors have not previously been merged in the same analysis. Therefore, our aim was to synthesize current knowledge of these donors' experiences to deepen understanding of the meaning of being a living donor for the purpose of saving or extending someone's life.

Poor performance of main-stream capnography in newborn infants during general anesthesia.

Background: Endtidal (ET) measurement of carbon dioxide is well established for intraoperative respiratory monitoring of adults and children, but the method's accuracy for intraoperative use in small newborn infants has been less extensively investigated.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare carbon dioxide from ET measurements with arterialized capillary blood samples in newborn infants during general anesthesia and surgery.

Methods: Endtidal carbon dioxide was continuously measured during anesthesia and surgery and compared with simultaneous blood gas analyses obtained from capillary blood samples.

Attitudes Regarding Participation in a Diabetes Screening Test among an Assyrian Immigrant Population in Sweden.

Immigrants from the Middle East have higher prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with native Swedes. The aim of the study was to describe and understand health beliefs in relation to T2D as well as attitudes regarding participation in a screening process in a local group of Assyrian immigrants living in Sweden. A qualitative and quantitative method was chosen in which 43 individuals participated in a health check-up and 13 agreed to be interviewed.

Transcutaneous PCO2 Monitoring in Newborn Infants During General Anesthesia Is Technically Feasible.

Background: Transcutaneous (TC) measurement of PCO2 (TC PCO2) is a well-established method to monitor assisted ventilation in neonatal intensive care, but its use in the operating room is limited, and the data regarding its performance during general anesthesia of the newborn are lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of continuous TC PCO2 monitoring during general anesthesia in newborn infants.

Methods: Infants (n = 25) with a gestational age of 23 to 41 weeks and a birth weight of 548 to 4114 g were prospectively enrolled.