Dental outcomes after gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: a register-based study.

Background: Bariatric surgery has been shown to cause a negative impact on oral health, as reflected by postsurgical increase of caries-related dental interventions.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare dental intervention rates after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Setting: Nationwide and register-based (Sweden).

[New Swedish National care process for pediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing].

Obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) is a spectrum from habitual snoring and labored breathing to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which is common and potentially serious in children. The process contains a new question at child care centers, directed at caretakers with children at age 18 months and 3 years, concerning habitual snoring (3 times a week or more). A primary care doctor verifies the suspicion of OSDB in case of a positive answer to one of 7 additional questions or 4 status findings (e.

Metabolic surgery and oral health: A register-based study.

Objective: The impact of weight loss surgery on oral health is not clear. The aim of the present study was to investigate its impact on the risk for dental interventions.

Materials And Methods: All adults who underwent metabolic surgery in Sweden between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2018 were identified in the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg; n = 53,643).

Ambient temperature and stillbirth risks in northern Sweden, 1880-1950.

Background: Climate vulnerability of the unborn can contribute to adverse birth outcomes, in particular, but it is still not well understood. We investigated the association between ambient temperature and stillbirth risk among a historical population in northern Sweden (1880-1950).

Methods: We used digitized parish records and daily temperature data from the study region covering coastal and inland communities some 600 km north of Stockholm, Sweden.

Implications for cardiac arrest coverage using straight-line versus route distance to nearest automated external defibrillator.

Aim: Quantifying the ratio describing the difference between "true route" and "straight-line" distances from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) to the closest accessible automated external defibrillator (AED) can help correct likely overestimations in AED coverage. Furthermore, we aimed to examine to what extent the closest AED based on true route distance differed from the closest AED using "straight-line".

Methods: OHCAs (1994-2016) and AEDs (2016) in Copenhagen, Denmark and in Toronto, Canada (2007-2015 and 2015, respectively) were identified.

Climate vulnerability of Swedish newborns: Gender differences and time trends of temperature-related neonatal mortality, 1880-1950.

Background: In resource-poor societies, neonatal mortality (death in the first 28 days of life) is usually very high. Young infants are particularly vulnerable to environmental health risks, which are modified by socioeconomic factors that change over time. We investigated the association between ambient temperature and neonatal mortality in northern Sweden during the demographic transition.

Effect of Optimized Versus Guidelines-Based Automated External Defibrillator Placement on Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Coverage: An In Silico Trial.

Background Mathematical optimization of automated external defibrillator (AED) placement may improve AED accessibility and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes compared with American Heart Association (AHA) and European Resuscitation Council (ERC) placement guidelines. We conducted an in silico trial (simulated prospective cohort study) comparing mathematically optimized placements with placements derived from current AHA and ERC guidelines, which recommend placement in locations where OHCAs are usually witnessed. Methods and Results We identified all public OHCAs of presumed cardiac cause from 2008 to 2016 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Smartphone Activation of Citizen Responders to Facilitate Defibrillation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Dispatching citizen responders through a smartphone application (app) holds the potential to increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Objectives: This study investigated arrival at the OHCA location of app-dispatched citizen responders before the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and the association with bystander CPR and bystander defibrillation.

Methods: Suspected OHCAs with alerted citizen responders from September 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018, were included.

Occurrence of shockable rhythm in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest over time: A report from the COSTA group.

Background: Prior research suggests that the proportion of a shockable initial rhythm in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) declined during the last decades. This study aims to investigate if this decline is still ongoing and explore the relationship between location of OHCA and proportion of a shockable initial rhythm as initial rhythm.

Methods: We calculated the proportion of patients with a shockable initial rhythm between 2006-2015 using pooled data from the COSTA-group (Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm, Amsterdam).

Improving bystander defibrillation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests at home.

Aims: Most out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occur at home with dismal bystander defibrillation rates. We investigated automated external defibrillator coverage of home arrests, and the proportion potentially reachable with an automated external defibrillator before emergency medical service arrival according to different bystander activation strategies.

Methods And Results: Cardiac arrests in homes (private/nursing/senior homes) in Copenhagen, Denmark (2008-2016) and registered automated external defibrillators (2007-2016), were identified.

Neonatal Mortality and Temperature in Two Northern Swedish Rural Parishes, 1860-1899-The Significance of Ethnicity and Gender.

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between season of birth and daily temperature for neonatal mortality in two Swedish rural parishes between 1860 and 1899. Further, we aimed to study whether the association varied according to ethnicity (indigenous Sami reindeer herders and non-Sami settlers) and gender. The source material for this study comprised digitized parish records from the Demographic Data Base, Umeå University, combined with local weather data provided by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute.

Regional variation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Incidence and survival - A nationwide study of regions in Denmark.

Aim: Regional variation in incidence and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may be caused by many factors including differences in definitions and reporting. We examined regional differences in Denmark.

Methods: From the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry we identified adult OHCA patients between 2009-2014 of presumed cardiac cause.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: 30-day survival and 1-year risk of anoxic brain damage or nursing home admission according to consciousness status at hospital arrival.

Aim: To investigate the association between consciousness status at hospital arrival and long-term outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods: OHCAs between 18-100 years of age were identified from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry during 2005-2014. Patients with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at hospital arrival were included.

Weather extremes and perinatal mortality - Seasonal and ethnic differences in northern Sweden, 1800-1895.

Background: Many studies have shown the impact of heat and cold on total and age-specific mortality, but knowledge gaps remain regarding weather vulnerability of very young infants. This study assessed the association of temperature extremes with perinatal mortality (stillbirths and deaths in the first week of life), among two ethnic groups in pre-industrial northern Sweden.

Methods: We used population data of indigenous Sami and non-Sami in selected parishes of northern Sweden, 1800-1895, and monthly temperature data.

In Silico Trial of Optimized Versus Actual Public Defibrillator Locations.

Background: Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are often placed in areas of low risk and limited temporal availability. Mathematical optimization can improve AED accessibility but has not been compared with current practices.

Objectives: This study sought to determine whether, compared with real AED locations, optimized AED locations improve coverage of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs).

The association between cold extremes and neonatal mortality in Swedish Sápmi from 1800 to 1895.

: Studies in which the association between temperature and neonatal mortality (deaths during the first 28 days of life) is tracked over extended periods that cover demographic, economic and epidemiological transitions are quite limited. From previous research about the demographic transition in Swedish Sápmi, we know that infant and child mortality was generally higher among the indigenous (Sami) population compared to non-indigenous populations. : The aim of this study was to analyse the association between extreme temperatures and neonatal mortality among the Sami and non-Sami population in Swedish Sápmi (Lapland) during the nineteenth century.

Season of birth, stillbirths, and neonatal mortality in Sweden: the Sami and non-Sami population, 1800-1899.

Seasonal patterns of neonatal mortality and stillbirths have been found around the world. However, little is known about the association between season of birth and infant mortality of pre-industrial societies in a subarctic environment. In this study, we compared how season of birth affected the neonatal and stillbirth risk among the Sami and non-Sami in Swedish Sápmi during the nineteenth century.

Data concerning AED registration in the Danish AED Network, and cardiac arrest-related characteristics of OHCAs, including AED coverage and AED accessibility.

The data presented in this article is supplemental data related to the research article entitled "Automated external defibrillator accessibility is crucial for bystander defibrillation and survival: a registry-based study" (Karlsson et al., 2019). We present detailed data concerning: 1) the type of location for deployed and registered automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in the nationwide Danish AED Network; 2) the number of registered AEDs in the nationwide Danish AED Network, and changes in AED registration (according to year and type of AED location); 3) the number of AEDs being withdrawn from the AED network between the years 2007-2016.

Automated external defibrillator accessibility is crucial for bystander defibrillation and survival: A registry-based study.

Aims: Optimization of automated external defibrillator (AED) placement and accessibility are warranted. We examined the associations between AED accessibility, at the time of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), bystander defibrillation, and 30-day survival, as well as AED coverage according to AED locations.

Methods: In this registry-based study we identified all OHCAs registered by mobile emergency care units in Copenhagen, Denmark (2008-2016).

Survival of patients with and without diabetes following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A nationwide Danish study.

Background: Research regarding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival of diabetes patients is sparse and it remains unknown whether initiatives to increase OHCA survival benefit diabetes and non-diabetes patients equally. We therefore examined overall and temporal survival in diabetes and non-diabetes patients following OHCA.

Methods: Adult presumed cardiac-caused OHCAs were identified from the Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry (2001-2014).

Perceived oral health in patients after bariatric surgery using oral health-related quality of life measures.

Obesity is an increasing problem of the 21st century. A frequent intervention is bariatric surgery. The impact of bariatric surgery on oral health is largely unknown.

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and long-term outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to location of arrest.

Aims: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has increased in several countries following nationwide initiatives to facilitate bystander resuscitative efforts in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We examined the importance of public or residential location of arrest on temporal changes in bystander CPR and outcomes.

Methods And Results: From the nationwide Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry, all OHCAs from 2001 to 2014 of presumed cardiac cause and between 18 and 100 years of age were identified.

Spatiotemporal AED optimization is generalizable.

Aims: Mathematical optimization of automated external defibrillator (AED) placements has the potential to improve out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) coverage and reverse the negative effects of limited AED accessibility. However, the generalizability of optimization approaches has not yet been investigated. Our goal is to examine the performance and generalizability of a spatiotemporal AED placement optimization methodology, initially developed for Toronto, Canada, to the new study setting of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in nursing homes - A nationwide study.

Background: Survival among nursing home residents who suffers out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is sparsely studied. Deployment of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in nursing home facilities in Denmark is unknown. We examined 30-day survival following OHCA in nursing and private home residents.

Indigenous Infant Mortality by Age and Season of Birth, 1800-1899: Did Season of Birth Affect Children's Chances for Survival?

This paper focuses on the influence of season of birth on infant mortality among the Sami and non-Sami populations in northern Sweden during the nineteenth century. The source material is a set of data files from the Demographic Data Base at Umeå University, making it possible to combine age at death (in days), month of death, and month of birth over the course of the entire century. Cox regression models reveal that for the first week of life, season of birth had no influence on the risk of mortality.