Breast cancer classification in point-of-care ultrasound imaging-the impact of training data.

Purpose: The survival rate of breast cancer for women in low- and middle-income countries is poor compared with that in high-income countries. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) combined with deep learning could potentially be a suitable solution enabling early detection of breast cancer. We aim to improve a classification network dedicated to classifying POCUS images by comparing different techniques for increasing the amount of training data.

Methacrylate-based copolymers as tunable hosts for triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion.

The ability to convert light to higher energies through triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) is attractive for a range of applications including solar energy harvesting, bioimaging and anti-counterfeiting. Practical applications require integration of the TTA-UC chromophores within a suitable host, which leads to a compromise between the high upconversion efficiencies achievable in liquids and the durability of solids. Herein, we present a series of methacrylate copolymers as TTA-UC hosts, in which the glass transition temperature ( ), and hence upconversion efficiency can be tuned by varying the co-monomer ratios (-hexyl methacrylate (HMA) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA)).

Capnodynamic determination of end-expiratory lung volume in a porcine model of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.

Purpose: The capnodynamic method, End Expiratory Lung Volume CO (EELV-CO), utilizes exhaled carbon dioxide analysis to estimate End-Expiratory Lung Volume (EELV) and has been validated in both normal lungs and lung injury models. Its performance under systemic hypoxia and variations in CO elimination is not examined. This study aims to validate EELV-CO against inert gas wash in/wash out (EELV- SF6, sulfur hexafluoride) in a porcine model of stable hemodynamic conditions followed by hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO).

Validation of the Assessment of Rehabilitation Needs Checklist in a Swedish cancer population.

Background: Assessment of Rehabilitation Needs Checklist (ARNC), has been developed to assess rehabilitation need in cancer patients and is recommended by the Confederation of Regional Cancer Centres in Sweden, known as Hälsoskattningen. The aim of the study was to test the reliability and validity of the ARNC, mainly by comparing it with the Distress thermometer and EORTC QLQ-C30.

Methodology: A sample of 993 persons identified in the Swedish cancer register.

Safety and Diagnostic Utility Pulmonary Embolism Rule-Out Criteria (PERC) and D-Dimer in Emergency Department.

Background: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value and safety of using Pulmonary Embolism Rule-Out Criteria (PERC) in an emergency care setting.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective application of the PERC to the patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism (PE) and who underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) Karolinska University Hospital's emergency department (ED) from 2016 to 2017. The patient data, including D-dimer (DD) and ED waiting times were extracted from the Karolinska Venous Thromboembolism cohort (VTE cohort).

Factors associated with reported need of weight loss support among adults with overweight or obesity: results from a cross-sectional population study in 2022 in Sweden.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with reported need of weight loss support among adults with overweight or obesity in the general population.

Design: A cross-sectional population study based on a survey questionnaire sent to a random population sample. Multivariate odds ratios for reported need of weight loss support were calculated for socio-economic, lifestyle and health indicators, in total and by gender and age group.

Enhancing research methods: The role of systematic and scoping reviews in orthopaedics, sports medicine and rehabilitation.

Efforts to improve research standards in orthopaedics, sports medicine, physical therapy, and rehabilitation are ongoing. Rrehabilitation andomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are widely regarded as the gold standard for the collection of primary data. Similarly, systematic reviews, due to their methodological rigor, have become the gold standard for evidence synthesis in medicine.

Trends in obesity prevalence by gender and educational level among adults in Mid-Sweden between 2012 and 2022.

Background: The aim was to investigate trends in obesity prevalence by gender and educational level in the general population aged 30-69 years, based on large surveys conducted in Mid-Sweden in 2012, 2017 and 2022.

Methods: The study included 22 082, 15 264 and 17 055 respondents, respectively. Obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m) was based on self-reported weight and height.

Persistent deficits in knee joint kinematics and kinetics during gait following tibial plateau fractures - a longitudinal study.

The recovery process after tibial plateau fractures varies, with some patients experiencing persistent gait asymmetries for a long period of time. The aim of this study is to analyse knee joint kinematics and kinetics post-fracture using a linear mixed-effects model, assessing 26 participants over 24 months (aged 45, range 26-63), and an age-matched control group (aged 47, range 26-62). Participants underwent three-dimensional gait analysis at 6-, 12- and 24-months post-injury.

Inland water greenhouse gas emissions offset the terrestrial carbon sink in the northern cryosphere.

Climate-sensitive northern cryosphere inland waters emit greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, yet their total emissions remain poorly constrained. We present a data-driven synthesis of GHG emissions from northern cryosphere inland waters considering water body types, cryosphere zones, and seasonality. We find that annual GHG emissions are dominated by carbon dioxide ([Formula: see text] teragrams of CO; [Formula: see text]) and methane ([Formula: see text] teragrams of CH), while the nitrous oxide emission ([Formula: see text] gigagrams of NO) is minor.

Carbon emission from the Lower Ob River floodplain during spring flood.

Carbon emission from Arctic rivers constitutes a positive feedback between the climate warming and C cycle. However, in case of rivers with extensive floodplains, the impacts of temporary water bodies and secondary channels on CO exchange with atmosphere, compared to the main stem and tributaries, remain strongly understudied. In order to quantify the relative role of various water bodies of the Arctic river basin in the C cycle, the hydrochemical variables and greenhouse gases GHG concentrations and fluxes were measured within the floodplain of the largest Arctic River, Ob, in its low reaches located in the permafrost zone.

A new patient-reported outcome measure for the evaluation of ankle instability: description of the development process and validation protocol.

Background: Acute ankle sprains represent one of the most common traumatic injuries to the musculoskeletal system. Many individuals with these injuries experience unresolved symptoms such as instability and recurrent sprains, leading to chronic ankle instability (CAI), which affects their ability to maintain an active lifestyle. While rehabilitation programs focusing on sensorimotor, neuromuscular, strength and balance training are primary treatments, some patients require surgery when rehabilitation fails.

Editorial Commentary: Primary Repair of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Shows Positive Midterm Outcomes When Properly Indicated.

Anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is the gold standard treatment for ACL injury and has been shown to restore the 3-dimensional joint laxity. Recently, however, there is renewed interest in primary repair of the injured ACL in selected cases. Research shows that, in some cases, short- and midterm outcomes of ACL repair are favorable, albeit with greater failure rates than ACL reconstruction.

Psychometric characteristics of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in stroke survivors of working age before and after inpatient rehabilitation.

Objective: The aim was to examine the psychometric properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in cohorts of working age stroke survivors, before and after inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: Stroke patients aged 18-66 years registered in the national quality register WebRehab Sweden were included in the study at hospital admission (n = 256), discharge (n = 223), and 1-year follow-up (n = 313). Classical and modern (Rasch) methods were used for psychometric evaluation.

Association of Smaller Intercondylar Notch Size With Graft Failure After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Smaller intercondylar notch sizes have been consistently associated with a predisposition for primary anterior cruciate ligament tears.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between intercondylar notch size, graft size, and postoperative complications, including knee stiffness and return to the operating room, after primary anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.