Positive behavior support in school - a quasi-experimental mixed methods study and a randomized controlled trial.

Background: While positive school climate is important for students' well-being and mental health, school personnel may experience challenges in creating a nurturing school climate. School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SW-PBIS) has shown positive effects on school climate and children's prosocial behaviors, but fewer studies have been conducted in a European context.

Aim: This project aims to investigate the effectiveness of SW-PBIS program for students' social-emotional skills and academic achievement as well as teachers' and students' perceptions of classroom learning environment.

High Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection Despite High Seroprevalence, Sweden, 2022.

We performed 2 surveys during 2022 to estimate point prevalences of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with overall seroprevalence in Sweden. Point prevalence was 1.4% in March and 1.

Generalization of Deep Learning in Digital Pathology: Experience in Breast Cancer Metastasis Detection.

Poor generalizability is a major barrier to clinical implementation of artificial intelligence in digital pathology. The aim of this study was to test the generalizability of a pretrained deep learning model to a new diagnostic setting and to a small change in surgical indication. A deep learning model for breast cancer metastases detection in sentinel lymph nodes, trained on CAMELYON multicenter data, was used as a base model, and achieved an AUC of 0.

Transmyringeal ventilation tube insertion for unilateral Menière's disease: a protocol for a prospective, sham-controlled, double-blinded, randomized, clinical trial.

Background: Menière's disease is an idiopathic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo lasting more than 20 min, unilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. If vertigo attacks occur frequently, the patient is usually severely incapacitated. Currently, there is no consensus on the treatment of Menière's disease.

Ten-Week Follow-Up of Monkeypox Case-Patient, Sweden, 2022.

A previously healthy male patient had detectable monkeypox virus DNA in saliva 76 days after laboratory confirmation of infection. A comprehensive characterization of viral kinetics and a detailed follow-up indicated a declining risk for transmission during the weeks after monkeypox symptoms appeared.

A man in his forties with acute confusion.

Rapid and thorough assessment of acute neuropsychiatric symptoms is essential for effective treatment. Here we describe a patient with a distinctive but relatively rare disease.

Effects of seawater scrubbing on a microplanktonic community during a summer-bloom in the Baltic Sea.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has gradually applied stricter regulations on the maximum sulphur content permitted in marine fuels and from January 1, 2020, the global fuel sulphur limit was reduced from 3.5% to 0.5%.

Short-Latency Covert Saccades - The Explanation for Good Dynamic Visual Performance After Unilateral Vestibular Loss?

Functional head impulse test (fHIT) tests the ability of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to allow visual perception during head movements. Our previous study showed that active head movements to the side with a vestibular lesion generated a dynamic visual performance that were as good as during movements to the intact side. To examine the differences in eye position during the head impulse test when performed with active and passive head movements, in order to better understand the role of the different saccade properties in improving visual performance.

vHIT Testing of Vertical Semicircular Canals With Goggles Yield Different Results Depending on Which Canal Plane Being Tested.

The use of goggles to assess vertical semicircular canal function has become a standard method in vestibular testing, both in clinic and in research, but there are different methods and apparatus in use. The aim of this study was to determine what the cause of the systematic differences is between gain values in testing of the vertical semicircular canals with two different video head impulse test (vHIT) equipment in subjects with normal vestibular function. Retrospective analysis of gain values on patients with clinically deemed normal vestibular function (absence of a corrective eye saccade), tested with either Interacoustics or Otometrics system.

Shedding of infectious SARS-CoV-2 by hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to serum antibody responses.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic. The understanding of the transmission and the duration of viral shedding in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still limited.

Objectives: To assess the timeframe and potential risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from hospitalized COVID-19 patients in relation to antibody response.

Outcome of a Multi-modal CBT-based Treatment Program for Chronic School Refusal.

School refusal (SR) can have several negative consequences, but effective treatments are available. When chronic, school absence requires comprehensive treatment. This study evaluates an intervention for SR based on a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) model, (HSP).

Knowledge and Will: An Explorative Study on the Implementation of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support in Sweden.

School-wide positive behavior support (SWPBIS) is a well-evaluated school approach to promoting a positive school climate and decreasing problem behaviors. Initial implementation is one of the most critical stages of program implementation. In this qualitative study, the initial implementation of SWPBIS in Swedish schools was studied using an implementation model of behavior change as guidance for interviews and analyses.

Intrauterine vertical SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case confirming transplacental transmission followed by divergence of the viral genome.

[Image: see text] This article includes Author Insights, a video abstract available at https://vimeo.com/bjog/authorinsights16682

[Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome].

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) is caused by a bony defect of the superior semicircular canal. The bony defect allows low-frequency acoustic stimuli of high intensity to travel to the vestibular organ. This can be induced by sound stimuli or pressure stimuli leading to vertigo, torsional nystagmus, pulsatile tinnitus, hyperacusis, hearing loss and autophony.

QSAR Implementation for HIC Retention Time Prediction of mAbs Using Fab Structure: A Comparison between Structural Representations.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) constitute a rapidly growing biopharmaceutical sector. However, their growth is impeded by high failure rates originating from failed clinical trials and developability issues in process development. There is, therefore, a growing need for better in silico tools to aid in risk assessment of mAb candidates to promote early-stage screening of potentially problematic mAb candidates.

Non-functioning neuroendocrine pancreatic tumors transforming to malignant insulinomas - four cases and review of the literature.

Objective: Neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (Pan-NETs) are rare, but among the most common neuroendocrine neoplasias. They are mostly slowly growing with a capacity to metastasize, but transition to a higher grade occurs, which lead to a more aggressive tumor phenotype. Very seldom, non-functional tumors can become hormonally active.

Dizziness and localized pain are often concurrent in patients with balance or psychological disorders.

Background and aims Symptoms of dizziness and pain are both common complaints and the two symptoms often seem to coincide. When symptoms appear concomitant for sustained periods of time the symptoms might maintain and even exacerbate each other, sometimes leading to psychological distress. In order to evaluate such comorbidity we studied patients referred to a vestibular unit and to a psychiatric outpatient clinic with respectively balance disorders and psychological issues.

Stroma-normalised vessel density predicts benefit from adjuvant fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in patients with stage II/III colon cancer.

Background: Identification of biomarkers associated with benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II/III colon cancer is an important task.

Methods: Vessel density (VD) and tumour stroma were analysed in a randomised-trial-derived discovery cohort (n = 312) and in a stage II/III group of a population-based validation cohort (n = 85). VD was scored separately in the tumour centre, invasive margin and peritumoral stroma compartments and quantitated as VD/total analysed tissue area or VD/stroma area.

Different Visual Weighting due to Fast or Slow Vestibular Deafferentation: Before and after Schwannoma Surgery.

Background: Feedback postural control depends upon information from somatosensation, vision, and the vestibular system that are weighted depending on their relative importance within the central nervous system. Following loss of any sensory component, the weighting changes, e.g.

Cross-Interaction Chromatography-Based QSAR Model for Early-Stage Screening to Facilitate Enhanced Developability of Monoclonal Antibody Therapeutics.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) constitute a rapidly growing biopharmaceutical sector. However, their growth is impeded by developability issues such as polyspecificity and lack of solubility, which leads to attrition as well as manufacturing failures. In this study a multitool hybrid quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model development framework is described.

[Bilateral loss of the horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex in Wernicke encephalopathy - a specific and early clinical sign].

Wernicke encephalopathy is a condition in which thiamine deficiency causes cognitive dysfunction, ataxia and eye motor abnormalities. The condition is potentially reversible if treated with high doses of intravenous thiamine (vitamin B1). The video head impulse test, in which the vestibulo-ocular reflex is tested, can reveal an early specific sign of selective dysfunction in the medial vestibular nuclei by demonstrating selective dysfunction of the horisontal vestibulo-ocular reflex.

Steroids for Acute Vestibular Neuronitis-the Earlier the Treatment, the Better the Outcome?

Objective: To present findings that suggest steroid treatment within 24 hours of onset of vestibular neuronitis results in better restitution of vestibular function than treatment between 25 and 72 hours.

Patients: Thirty-three consecutive patients (17 men, 16 women, mean age 57 yr, range 17-85 yr) with acute vestibular neuronitis and treated with steroids within 72 hours after symptom onset. Patients were divided into two groups depending on if they were treated within the first 24 hours or not.

Functional Head Impulse Testing Might Be Useful for Assessing Vestibular Compensation After Unilateral Vestibular Loss.

Loss of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) affects visual acuity during head movements. Previous studies have shown that compensatory eye-saccades improve visual acuity and that the timing of the saccade is important. Most of the tests involved in testing VOR are made with passive head movement, that do not necessarily reflect the activities of daily living and thus not being proportionate to symptoms and distresses of the patients.