Cell viability and physicochemical effects of different concentrations of bismuth trioxide in a mineral trioxide aggregate cement.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of three concentrations of bismuth trioxide (BiO) on the biological and physicochemical properties of an experimental mineral trioxide aggregate-type (MTA-type) cement at different time points.

Methods: Three experimental groups with white Portland cement containing 15, 20, or 25 wt% of BiO were assessed. Cellular proliferation in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts was evaluated with an MTT assay.