[Pneumoparotitis or pneumoparotid: a differential diagnosis to consider].

Childhood parotid swelling has a number of differential diagnosis mostly of inflammatory origin. Pneumoparotitis is an uncommon cause of parotid inflammation. It is caused by an excessive increase of intraoral pressure and secondary passage of air into the Stensen or Stenon duct and its glandular branches.

[Satoyoshi syndrome: report of one case].

Satoyoshi syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease of presumed autoimmune etiology characterized by progressive painful intermittent muscle spasms, diarrhea frequently associated with malabsorption, alopecia, skeletal abnormalities and endocrine disorders with a poor long-term prognosis due to early crippling. We report a 14-year-old Chilean girl with clinical and radiological features of the syndrome who has been successfully treated with prednisone and carbamazepine. She remarkably recovered from muscle spasms, alopecia and diarrhea.

[The use of chest X-rays for surveillance of bacterial pneumonias in children in Latin America].

The Division of Vaccines and Immunization of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) is promoting epidemiological surveillance of bacterial pneumonias in children in Latin America in order to generate scientific evidence to support future decisions concerning using vaccines to control such pneumonias in the countries of the Region of the Americas. The diagnosis of these diseases rarely includes bacteriological documentation of the causative agent. Therefore, studies of this type that are carried out around the world accept radiological images of alveolar consolidation as a confirmatory criterion for a presumptively bacterial pneumonia.