Expanding methods to address RE-AIM metrics in hybrid effectiveness-implementation studies.

Background: Dissemination and implementation science is an evolving field that focuses on the strategies and mechanisms by which scientific evidence is adopted, used, and sustained in clinical and community practice.

Main Body: Implementation scientists are confronted by the challenge to balance rigor and generalizability in their work while also attempting to speed the translation of evidence into clinical and community practice. Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation studies and the RE-AIM framework were conceptualized to address these challenges.

Integrating hypertension detection and management in HIV care in South Africa: protocol for a stepped-wedged cluster randomized effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial.

Background: HIV clinical guidelines recommend hypertension detection and management to lower cardiovascular disease risk, but these have not been effectively implemented for people living with HIV (PWH). Addressing this implementation gap requires community-engaged implementation studies focused on addressing implementation barriers specific to the HIV care context.

Methods: This protocol describes a type 2 effectiveness-implementation hybrid study conducted in nine primary care clinics in Johannesburg.

Understanding barriers and facilitators to integrated HIV and hypertension care in South Africa.

Background: The burden of hypertension among people with HIV is high, particularly in low-and middle-income countries, yet gaps in hypertension screening and care in these settings persist. This study aimed to identify facilitators of and barriers to hypertension screening, treatment, and management among people with HIV in primary care clinics in Johannesburg, South Africa. Additionally, different stakeholder groups were included to identify discordant perceptions.

Aerobic exercise during adolescence and anxiety disorders in adulthood: A cohort study using Add Health.

Introduction: The prevalence of anxiety disorders, and mental chronic diseases, has increased over the last decade among adolescents. Since aerobic exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases and stress symptoms, we aimed to examine the association between aerobic exercise in adolescence and anxiety disorders in adulthood.

Methods: Self-reported, publicly available data from 5,114 adolescents who participated in Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) was analyzed from 1994-2009.

Understanding Barriers and Facilitators to Integrated HIV and Hypertension Care in South Africa.

Background The burden of hypertension among people with HIV is high, particularly in low-and middle-income countries, yet gaps in hypertension screening and care in these settings persist. The objective of this study was to identify facilitators of and barriers to hypertension screening, treatment, and management among people with HIV seeking treatment in primary care clinics in Johannesburg, South Africa. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, data were collected via interviews (n = 53) with people with HIV and hypertension and clinic managers and focus group discussions (n = 9) with clinic staff.

Test and Treat for Prediabetes: A Review of the Health Effects of Prediabetes and the Role of Screening and Prevention.

The term prediabetes describes blood glucose levels above the normal range but below the threshold to diagnose type 2 diabetes. Several population health initiatives encourage a test and treat approach for prediabetes. In this approach, screening and identification of individuals with prediabetes should be followed by prompt referral to structured lifestyle modification programs or pharmacologic interventions that have been shown to prevent or delay the progression to type 2 diabetes in clinical trials.

Statins Utilization in Adults With HIV: The Treatment Gap and Predictors of Statin Initiation.

Background: We characterized trends in statin eligibility and subsequent statin initiation among people with HIV (PWH) from 2001 to 2017 and identified predictors of statin initiation between 2014 and 2017.

Setting: PWH participating in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) enrolled in 12 US cohorts collecting data on statin eligibility criteria/prescriptions from 2001 to 2017.

Methods: We determined the annual proportion eligible for statins, initiating statins, and median waiting time (from statin eligibility to initiation).

The Diabetes Prevention Gap And Opportunities To Increase Participation In Effective Interventions.

To understand the current state of prediabetes burden and treatment in the US, we examined recent trends in prediabetes prevalence, testing, and access to preventive resources. We estimated 13.5 percent prevalence of diagnosed prediabetes in the overall US adult population, using national survey data.

Interventions for Reversing Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Several interventions have been found to be effective for reversing prediabetes in adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare the effectiveness of such interventions.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles published between January 1, 2000 and June 27, 2018.

Patient Experiences with Telemedicine for HIV Care During the First COVID-19 Wave in Atlanta, Georgia.

We explored experiences with telemedicine among persons with HIV (PWH) during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A convenience sample of adults (>18 years) receiving care in an urban clinic in Atlanta were invited to participate. Patients completed a structured survey that assessed the usefulness, quality, satisfaction, and concerns with telemedicine services (telephone calls) received during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-May 2020).

Factors associated with adherence to guideline-recommended cardiovascular disease prevention among HIV clinicians.

Integrating cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in routine HIV care remains a challenge. This study aimed to identify factors associated with adherence to guideline-recommended CVD preventive practices among HIV clinicians. Clinicians from eight HIV clinics in Atlanta were invited to complete an online survey.

Examining the association between adiposity and DNA methylation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Obesity is associated with widespread differential DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns, though there have been limited overlap in the obesity-associated cytosine-guanine nucleotide pair (CpG) sites that have been identified in the literature. We systematically searched four databases for studies published until January 2020. Eligible studies included cross-sectional, longitudinal, or intervention studies examining adiposity and genome-wide DNAm in non-pregnant adults aged 18-75 in all tissue types.

Expanding the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score for Predicting Diabetes Incidence in People Living with HIV.

This study investigated whether the predictive ability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) can be improved among people with HIV by adding a marker of insulin resistance. In this longitudinal analysis of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study and the Women's Interagency HIV Study, HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants without prevalent diabetes were included. FINDRISC score and the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated at baseline.

Clinician prescription of lipid-lowering drugs and achievement of treatment goals in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction: Lipid control is essential in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study is to investigate factors associated with lipid therapy adherence and achievement of goals in real-life setting among patients with recently diagnosed T2DM.

Research Design And Methods: This is a longitudinal analysis in a center of comprehensive care for patients with diabetes.

Implementation Science to Address Health Disparities During the Coronavirus Pandemic.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is disproportionally affecting racial and ethnic minorities. In the United States, data show African American, Hispanic, and Native American populations are overrepresented among COVID-19 cases and deaths. As we speed through the discovery and translation of approaches to fight COVID-19, these disparities are likely to increase.

Mexico's 2018 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth: Full report.

Objectives: Mexico's 2018 Report Card evaluates the opportunities available for Mexican children and youth to reach healthy levels of physical activity, sleep, and sedentary behavior.

Methods: The Report Card is a surveillance system that gathers data from national surveys, censuses, government documents, websites, grey literature, and published studies to evaluate 16 indicators in four categories: Daily Behaviors; Physical Fitness; Settings and Sources of Influence; and Strategies and Investments. Data were compared to established benchmarks.

MMiDaS-AE: Multi-modal Missing Data aware Stacked Autoencoder for Biomedical Abstract Screening.

Systematic review (SR) is an essential process to identify, evaluate, and summarize the findings of all relevant individual studies concerning health-related questions. However, conducting a SR is labor-intensive, as identifying relevant studies is a daunting process that entails multiple researchers screening thousands of articles for relevance. In this paper, we propose MMiDaS-AE, a Multi-modal Missing Data aware Stacked Autoencoder, for semi-automating screening for SRs.

The Intersection of HIV, Diabetes, and Race: Exploring Disparities in Diabetes Care among People Living with HIV.

In a setting of universal health care access, we compared diabetes control between Caucasians and African Americans (AA) living with HIV. This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from a cohort study among military members living with HIV and diabetes. Using adjusted logistic regression models, we compared proportions of Caucasians and AA meeting the following diabetes treatment goals: hemoglobin A <7.