Cardiorespiratory abnormalities in ICU survivors of COVID-19 with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection are unrelated to invasive mechanical ventilation.

Postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (PASC) often leads to exertional intolerance and reduced exercise capacity, particularly in individuals previously admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). However, the impact of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) on PASC-associated cardiorespiratory abnormalities during exercise remains poorly understood. This single-center, cross-sectional study aimed to gather knowledge on this topic.

Physiological responses during walking in men and women with intermittent claudication.

Background: Miyasato et al. show that peak oxygen consumption, walking economy, anaerobic threshold, and cardiovascular responses (heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product) during walking were similar between men and women with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication. There were no differences in the physiological responses to walking between men and women with intermittent claudication.

Effect of exercise training on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: a meta-analysis.

Blood pressure (BP) management reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in regulating and maintaining blood volume and pressure. This analysis aimed to investigate the effect of exercise training on plasma renin, angiotensin-II and aldosterone, epinephrine, norepinephrine, urinary sodium and potassium, BP and heart rate (HR).

Impact of Methyl-Donor Micronutrient Supplementation on DNA Methylation Patterns: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of in vitro, Animal, and Human Studies.

Background: DNA methylation patterns are directly associated with diverse metabolic disorders. The status of methyl-donor micronutrients has been associated with DNA methylation levels, and altered ingestion of folate, choline, betaine, B vitamins and methionine may impact genes both globally and at the level of promoter regions. Despite this, the role of methyl-donor micronutrient supplementation on DNA methylation profiles is currently unclear.

Oxygen uptake kinetics and chronotropic responses to exercise are impaired in survivors of severe COVID-19.

The post-acute phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is often marked by several persistent symptoms and exertional intolerance, which compromise survivors' exercise capacity. This was a cross-sectional study aiming to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on oxygen uptake (V̇o) kinetics and cardiopulmonary function in survivors of severe COVID-19 about 3-6 mo after intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization. Thirty-five COVID-19 survivors previously admitted to ICU (5 ± 1 mo after hospital discharge) and 18 controls matched for sex, age, comorbidities, and physical activity level with no prior history of SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited.

Lifestyle Interventions and Weight Management in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Systematic Literature Review and Metanalysis.

Background: We aimed to identify and describe different types of lifestyle interventions primarily or secondarily focused on weight loss in SLE patients.

Methods: A systematic search of controlled trials published until June 2021 that assigned adults patients after dietary or exercise intervention resulted in 248 studies initially screened.

Results: Six studies with seven interventions (3 dietary and 4 exercise training programs) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis with a median of age 35.

Benefits of Home-Based Exercise Training Following Critical SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report.

In the current scenario, in which an elevated number of COVID-19 survivors present with severe physical deconditioning, exercise intolerance, persistent symptoms, and other post-acute consequences, effective rehabilitation strategies are of utmost relevance. In this study, we report for the first time the effect of home-based exercise training (HBET) in a survivor patient from critical COVID-19 illness. A 67-year-old woman who had critical COVID-19 disease [71 days of hospitalization, of which 49 days were in the intensive care unit (ICU) with invasive mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure] underwent a 10-week HBET aiming to recovering overall physical condition.

Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Background: The modulating effect of vitamin D on cytokine concentrations in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unknown.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Methods: This is a post hoc, ancillary, and exploratory analysis from a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

No independent associations between physical activity and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) has been postulated to improve, or at least maintain, immunity across the life span. However, the link between physical (in)activity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains to be established. This small-scale prospective cohort study is nested within a randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the possible associations between PA levels and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Home-Based Exercise Training During COVID-19 Pandemic in Post-Bariatric Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

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Post-exercise Hypotension Following a Single Bout of High Intensity Interval Exercise vs. a Single Bout of Moderate Intensity Continuous Exercise in Adults With or Without Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is an important tool in the daily management of patients with hypertension. Varying the exercise parameters is likely to change the blood pressure (BP) response following a bout of exercise. In recent years, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) has gained significant popularity in exercise-based prevention and rehabilitation of clinical populations.

Influence of vitamin D status on hospital length of stay and prognosis in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: Vitamin D acts as a mediator in the immune system regulating antiviral mechanisms and inflammatory processes. Vitamin D insufficiency has been suggested as a potential risk factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, although its impact on the prognosis of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear.

Objective: This multicenter prospective cohort study was designed to investigate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration is associated with hospital length of stay and prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D3 on Hospital Length of Stay in Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in patients with COVID-19.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 2 sites in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Influence of Adherence to Social Distancing Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Level in Post-bariatric Patients.

We assessed physical activity using accelerometers and a questionnaire in 33 post-bariatric patients who reported to be adherent (n = 15) or not (n = 18) to social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients adherent to social distancing spent more time in sedentary behavior (1.1 h/day, 0.

Cardiovascular Responses during and after Maximal Walking in Men and Women with Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background: Walking is recommended for patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). It has been shown that patients with PAD present sharper increases in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during maximal walking when compared with healthy subjects. Additionally, women with PAD present a worse physiological profile, and it is possible that they may present higher cardiovascular load during and after a bout of maximal walking than men.

Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease.

Emerging data indicate a substantial decrease in global physical activity levels during the period of social isolation adopted worldwide to contain the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Confinement-induced decreases in physical activity levels and increases in sedentary behavior may provoke a rapid deterioration of cardiovascular health and premature deaths among populations with increased cardiovascular risk. Even short-term (1-4 wk) inactivity has been linked with detrimental effects in cardiovascular function and structure and increased cardiovascular risk factors.

A randomized controlled trial comparing home-based isometric handgrip exercise versus endurance training for blood pressure management.

Aerobic endurance exercise (AEX) is an effective treatment in the prevention and management of high blood pressure (BP). Growing evidence suggests potential benefits from isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise, which may promote similar or even larger reductions in BP than AEX. We compared the effects of home-based AEX and home-based IHG on BP.

The influence of physical training status on postexercise hypotension in patients with hypertension: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To date, few studies have analyzed postexercise hypotension (PEH) in hypertensive patients with different levels of physical fitness.

Aim: Therefore, this study aimed to compare PEH in trained and sedentary hypertensive individuals.

Methods: Fifty-one well-controlled hypertensive patients of both sexes were assigned to a trained group [60.

Blood pressure and autonomic responses following isolated and combined aerobic and resistance exercise in hypertensive older women.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare blood pressure (BP) after isolated and combined sessions of aerobic and resistance exercises in hypertensive older women. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were included as additional variables.

Methods: Twenty-one older women (63±1.

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 polymorphisms and postexercise hypotension in hypertensive medicated individuals.

The renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) is associated with diverse physiological responses and adaptations to exercise. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 has vasodilatory effects, which might be associated with the blood pressure (BP) responses to acute exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ACE2 polymorphisms in postexercise hypotension (PEH).

The blood pressure-lowering effect of a single bout of resistance exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Current exercise guidelines recommend aerobic types of exercises on most days of the week, supplemented with dynamic resistance exercise twice weekly. Whereas the blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects of a single session of aerobic exercise have been well studied, less is known about the hypotensive effect of a single bout of resistance exercise.

Objectives: To evaluate the transient effect of resistance exercise on BP by means of meta-analytic techniques.