The relationship between changes in functional networks and cognitive changes and PTSD symptoms in maltreated children before and after TF-CBT.

Several studies have found that maltreated children show neuropsychological deficits in various cognitive domains such as memory and attention, language, visuospatial skills, emotional regulation, social cognition, and executive functioning. In terms of functional connectivity, abused children show an increased connectivity in the salience network (SN) as opposed to a decreased connectivity within the default (DMN) and executive networks (CEN). Children who suffer maltreatment may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which in turn, can increase psychological and cognitive sequelae.

Brain structural change associated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in maltreated children.

Background: Severely maltreatment child is a harmful social factor that can disrupt normal neurodevelopment. Two commonly reported effects of maltreatment are post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and brain structural and functional alteration. While Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is effectively used to reduce PTSD symptoms in maltreated children, yet, its impact on brain structural alterations has not been fully explored.

[Formula: see text] Can psychopathy be prevented? Clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic data: an exploratory study.

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship among brain functional activations elicited by an emotional paradigm, clinical scores (PTSD, anxiety, and depression), psychopathic traits, and genetic characteristics (5-HTTLPR) in a group of severely maltreated children compared to a healthy control group before and after the implementation of a Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. The final sample consisted of an experimental group of 14 maltreated children (mean age = 8.77 years old, .

Periodontal effects of maxillary expansion in adults using non-surgical expanders with skeletal anchorage vs. surgically assisted maxillary expansion: a systematic review.

Objectives: Describe and compare harmful periodontal effects as a consequence of maxillary expansion in adult patients with different types of anchorage devices in non-surgical expanders with skeletal anchorage and surgically assisted maxillary expansion.

Materials And Methods: An exhaustive search was carried out on the electronic databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Cochrane and LILACS. Additionally, journal references and grey literature were searched without any restrictions.

Can gray values be converted to Hounsfield units? A systematic review.

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to answer the focus question: "Could the gray values (GVs) from CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) be converted to Hounsfield units (HUs) in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)?"

Methods: The included studies try to answer the research question according to the PICO strategy. Studies were gathered by searching several electronic databases and partial grey literature up to January 2021 without language or time restrictions. The methodological assessment of the studies was performed using The Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) for studies and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) for studies.

Overview authors rarely defined systematic reviews that are included in their overviews.

Objectives: To report systematic review definitions that are published in overviews of reviews and to propose a new classification of systematic reviews.

Study Design And Setting: In this review of overviews, we searched PubMed for systematic review definitions that were reported in overviews of reviews that were published in the medical literature between November 2017 and May 2018. Two independent authors extracted and descriptively reported the systematic review definitions from the overviews.

Multifunctional nanocarriers for the treatment of periodontitis: Immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and regenerative strategies.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, in which the host immuno-inflammatory response against the dysbiotic subgingival biofilm leads to the breakdown of periodontal tissues. Most of the available treatments seem to be effective in the short-term; nevertheless, permanent periodical controls and patient compliance compromise long-term success. Different strategies have been proposed for the modulation of the host immune response as potential therapeutic tools to take a better care of most susceptible periodontitis patients, such as drug local delivery approaches.

Risk of bias over time in updates of Cochrane oral health reviews.

Objectives: To assess the changes in the risk of bias (RoB) across different versions of the same Cochrane systematic review, and to identify characteristics of systematic reviews which may be associated with different RoB scores by means of regression analysis.

Methods: We examined changes in RoB ratings in domains of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials (CTs) included in original Cochrane systematic reviews and their updates published in oral health. First, we checked the number of domains assessed for RoB in the different versions of the systematic review.

Biodepuration of domestic sewage, textile effluents and acid mine drainage using starch-based xerogel from recycled potato peels.

Water is a finite resource. Its safety and cleanliness are highly important to meet current and future human needs. Compared to other resources, water represents a main factor to achieve development in several areas and leads to economic progress of a nation.

Minimal Change Disease as Initial Presentation of ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma in a Pediatric Patient.

The association between nephrotic syndrome (NS), hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and certain paraneoplastic syndromes has been documented in the literature. However, nephrotic changes as part of paraneoplastic syndromes are rare in lymphoid malignancies, particularly in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We report the sudden onset of acute renal failure and NS in a 14-year-old male who initially presented with HLH and was subsequently diagnosed with ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL).

Visiting Trainees in Global Settings: Host and Partner Perspectives on Desirable Competencies.

Background: Current competencies in global health education largely reflect perspectives from high-income countries (HICs). Consequently, there has been underrepresentation of the voices and perspectives of partners in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) who supervise and mentor trainees engaged in short-term experiences in global health (STEGH).

Objective: The objective of this study was to better understand the competencies and learning objectives that are considered a priority from the perspective of partners in LMICs.

Use of Biologic Agents to Promote Bone Formation in Implant Dentistry: A Critical Assessment of Systematic Reviews.

Purpose: The use of biologic agents is emerging in bone regeneration procedures due to their ability to increase cellular events in wound healing and therefore to obtain more predictable outcomes. Hence, the aim of the present study was to critically evaluate the methodology of systematic reviews investigating biologic agents in promoting bone formation and implant site development.

Materials And Methods: A literature search for systematic reviews with and without meta-analyses was performed in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane database, as well as in journals with high impact factors in periodontics and implant dentistry.

The Quality of Reporting of Measures of Precision in Animal Experiments in Implant Dentistry: A Methodological Study.

Purpose: Information on precision of treatment-effect estimates is pivotal for understanding research findings. In animal experiments, which provide important information for supporting clinical trials in implant dentistry, inaccurate information may lead to biased clinical trials. The aim of this methodological study was to determine whether sample size calculation, standard errors, and confidence intervals for treatment-effect estimates are reported accurately in publications describing animal experiments in implant dentistry.

Schneiderian Membrane Thickness and Clinical Implications for Sinus Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analyses.

Background: Schneiderian membrane thickness (SMT) has been regarded as a key factor for influencing membrane perforation, which may jeopardize the final clinical outcome of sinus augmentation. Hence, this systematic review aims at studying the mean SMT and further investigating patient-related factors that may affect SMT. As a secondary goal, the association between SMT and membrane perforation rate was studied.

The risk of bias of animal experiments in implant dentistry: a methodological study.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of bias (ROB) in reports of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of animal experiments published in implant dentistry, and to explore the association between animal experiment characteristics and ROB.

Material And Methods: We searched the MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS and SciELO databases from 2010 to March 2015 for reports of RCTs of animal experiments published in implant dentistry. We evaluated independently and in duplicate the ROB of these experiments by the use of a tool specifically developed to evaluate ROB in animal studies, the SYRCLE's tool.

Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with higher healthcare utilization in elderly patients.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an important cause of morbidity in the elderly population. Limited data are available regarding the healthcare utilization and predisposing conditions related to OSA in the elderly. Our aim was to evaluate the healthcare utilization and the conditions associated with new and chronic diagnosis of OSA in a large cohort of elderly patients in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

Linkage of functional and structural anomalies in the left amygdala of reactive-aggressive men.

Amygdala structural and functional abnormalities have been associated to reactive aggression in previous studies. However, the possible linkage of these two types of anomalies has not been examined. We hypothesized that they would coincide in the same localizations, would be correlated in intensity and would be mediated by reactive aggression personality traits.