Study of Liquid-Based Cytology Using Next-Generation Sequencing as a Liquid Biopsy Application in Patients with Advanced Oncological Disease.

In patients with advanced cancer, it is necessary to detect driver mutations and genetic arrangements. If a mutation is found, targeted therapy may become an option. However, in most patients with advanced cancer, obtaining material can be challenging, and these determinations must be made based on small biopsies or cytologic samples.

Blood Liquid Biopsy in an Advanced Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Study with Rearranged during Transfection Heterogeneity.

Introduction: Liquid biopsy is an innovative and efficient method for studying circulating tumor DNA. In conjunction with innovative techniques such as next-generation sequencing, it can provide real-time information on prognostic and predictive factors.

Case Presentation: We report a case of advanced, unresectable medullary thyroid carcinoma with various rearranged during transfection (RET) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral (KRAS) mutations in both blood liquid and tissue biopsies.

Immunohistochemical Algorithm for the Classification of Muscle-Invasive Urinary Bladder Carcinoma with Lymph Node Metastasis: An Institutional Study.

Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma represents 20% of newly diagnosed cases of bladder cancer, and most cases show aggressive biological behavior with a poor prognosis. It is necessary to identify biomarkers that can be used as prognostic and predictive factors in daily clinical practice. In our study, we analyzed different antibodies in selected cases of muscle-invasive urinary bladder carcinoma and lymph node metastasis to identify immunohistochemical types and their value as possible prognostic factors.

Immunocytochemical Assessment of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in Nasopharyngeal Swabs from SARS-CoV-2 Patients.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. It is enveloped by four structural proteins. The entry of the virus into the host cells is mediated by spike protein binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and proteolytic cleavage by transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2).

Usefulness of the Urine Methylation Test (Bladder EpiCheck) in Follow-Up Patients with Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and Cytological Diagnosis of Atypical Urothelial Cells-An Institutional Study.

Urothelial bladder cancer is a heterogeneous disease and one of the most common cancers worldwide. Bladder cancer ranges from low-grade tumors that recur and require long-term invasive surveillance to high-grade tumors with high mortality. After the initial contemporary treatment in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, recurrence and progression rates remain high.

Study of the Plasma and Buffy Coat in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection-A Preliminary Report.

The pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection affects many aspects of public health knowledge, science, and practice around the world. Several studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 RNA in plasma seems to be associated with a worse prognosis of COVID-19. In the present study, we investigated plasma and buffy RNA in patients with COVID-19 to determine its prognostic value.

Total Tumor Load of mRNA Cytokeratin 19 in the Sentinel Lymph Node as a Predictive Value of Axillary Lymphadenectomy in Patients with Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer.

Although sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has proved to be able to diagnose axillary lymph node status safely and reliably, there is still not enough evidence to suggest that it can be used in patients who have undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for lymph node-sparing surgery. The present study used molecular approaches to determine whether SLNB can be reliably used in patients who have been treated with NAC before SLN surgery, and whether the total tumor load of the SLN can be used as a predictive factor in axillary lymphadenectomy (ALD). We used one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) to analyze a total of 111 consecutive patients who presented operable invasive breast carcinomas and who had been treated with NAC.

Liquid-based cytological and immunohistochemical study of nasopharyngeal swab from persons under investigation for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Introduction: We describe cytologic and immunohistologic findings in virus transport medium on cases under investigation of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Cytologic findings in cases under investigation of SARS-CoV-2 infection from one hundred consecutive nasopharyngeal swab were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry and SARSCoV-2 RT-PCR determination were performed to detect virus.

Intraoperative molecular analysis of sentinel lymph nodes following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with clinical node negative breast cancer: An institutional study.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an accurate, safe method for determining the axillary lymph node status. However, insufficient evidence exists to support the recommendation of SLNB in patients who have had neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to downsize tumours and allow for breast conservation surgery. The present study aimed to use molecular approaches to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of SLNB in patients treated with NAC prior to SLN mapping and surgery.

Combined cutaneous sarcoma: pleomorphic liposarcoma and conventional osteosarcoma-the so-called malignant mesenchymoma.

Malignant mesenchymoma is combined soft tissue tumors of mesenchymal origin. Cutaneous combined sarcomas are exceedingly rare. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman who presented a left cutaneous mass.

Coexisting malignant melanoma and blue nevus of the uterine cervix: an unusual combination.

Malignant melanoma (MM) and blue nevi of the uterine cervix are an extremely rare neoplasm, probably derived from embryologic migration of melanocytes from the neural crest. MM displays aggressive behavior with a poor prognosis. We report the case of a 76-year-old postmenopausal woman abnormal vaginal bleeding.

Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma presenting in the nasal region.

Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS) is an extremely rare neoplasm derived from antigen-presenting cells. IDCS displays aggressive behavior in a third of all cases, and the most common involvement is a solitary lymph node. We report the case of an 87-year-old woman with a right nasal mass.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the prostate: ductal adenocarcinoma and stromal sarcoma-like appearance: a rare association.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) of prostate gland is a rare biphasic tumour. In about half of cases, initial diagnosis is acinar adenocarcinoma, followed by nonsurgical therapy, with a subsequent diagnosis of SC. The survival rate is lower.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma was described by Thoenes et al. in 1986, and associations with carcinoma of collecting ducts, conventional renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma have been described. We report a case of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma which showed neuroendocrine differentiation.

Extragonadal retroperitoneal germ cell tumor: primary versus metastases?

Objective: Primary extragonadal germ cell tumors are rare and their histogenetic origin is not clear. We describe two cases presenting as primary retroperitoneal germ cell tumors without clinical evidence of testicular tumor.

Methods: A 21 and 18 years-old patients presented retroperitoneal choriocarcinoma and yolk sac tumor, respectively.