Diabetic retinopathy among the elderly with type 2 diabetes: A Nationwide longitudinal registry study.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of DR in elderly people living with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Individuals >80 years, in the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) between 2008 and 2017, were included. Prevalence and incidence were calculated and stratified by age.

Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy with Extended Intervals, Safe and Without Compromising Adherence: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevents blindness through the early detection of sight-threatening retinal microvascular lesions that respond to timely local treatment. However, the provision of easy and regular access to DR screening programs is currently being challenged by the increasing prevalence of diabetes. One proposed solution is to extend the screening interval for patients at low risk for progression of retinopathy.

Progression of early retinal dysfunction in diabetes over time: results of a long-term prospective clinical study.

We explored signs of retinal dysfunction over time in diabetic subjects before or early in the course of retinopathy. Patients with no, mild, or moderate retinopathy were consecutively recruited and underwent standard automated perimetry, visual acuity measurement, and fundus photography. These examinations and measurements of HbA1c and blood pressure were repeated for up to 5 years from baseline.

Functional and structural change in diabetic eyes. Interim results from an ongoing longitudinal prospective study.

Purpose: To presents results after 18 months of follow-up of a longitudinal study aiming at exploring the correlation between diabetic retinal vascular lesions and functional change.

Methods: Patients were consecutively recruited from attendees to the screening program for diabetic retinopathy. Subjects are followed every sixth month for the first 3 years and thereafter annually up to 5 years.

Stable refraction and visual acuity in diabetic patients with variable glucose levels under routine care.

Purpose: To investigate how refraction and visual acuity may vary in patients with diabetes under routine care.

Methods: Fifty-three eyes of 53 patients with various degrees of diabetic retinopathy were examined prospectively on four different occasions within a month. Refraction, best-corrected visual acuity (expressed as logMAR score) and blood glucose were measured on each occasion.

Test-retest variability for standard automated perimetry and short-wavelength automated perimetry in diabetic patients.

Purpose: To assess limits for significant improvement or deterioration of visual fields in diabetic patients based on short-term test-retest variability in subjects with different degrees of retinopathy.

Methods: Fifty patients with diabetic retinopathy ranging from level 10 to 75 [according to the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) severity scale] were tested repeatedly with both standard automated perimetry (SAP) and short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) with short intervals. The association between visual field loss and degree of retinopathy outside fovea was analysed.