Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting and ventriculocisternostomy (ETV) in 400 pediatric patients. Shifts in understanding, diagnostics, case-mix, and surgical management during half a century.

Objective: To characterize shifts from the 1960s to the first decade in the 21st century as to diagnostics, case-mix, and surgical management of pediatric patients undergoing permanent CSF diversion procedures.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-four patients below 15 years of age were the first time treated with CSF shunt or ETV for hydrocephalus or idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) in 2009-2013. This represents our current practice.

Pediatric hydrocephalus: 40-year outcomes in 128 hydrocephalic patients treated with shunts during childhood. Assessment of surgical outcome, work participation, and health-related quality of life.

Object: Treatment for hydrocephalus has not advanced appreciably since the advent of CSF shunts more than 50 years ago. The outcome for pediatric patients with hydrocephalus has been the object for several studies; however, much uncertainty remains regarding the very long term outcome for these patients. Shunting became the standard treatment for hydrocephalus in Norway during the 1960s, and the first cohorts from this era have now reached middle age.

Long-term outcome and quality of life after craniectomy in speech-dominant swollen middle cerebral artery infarction.

Background: Decompressive craniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) reduces mortality. Whether speech-dominant side infarction results in less favorable outcome is unclear. This study compared functional outcome, quality of life, and mental health among patients with speech-dominant and non-dominant side infarction.

Volume and densities of chronic subdural haematoma obtained from CT imaging as predictors of postoperative recurrence: a prospective study of 107 operated patients.

Background: Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is a common entity in neurosurgery with a considerable postoperative recurrence rate. Computerised tomography (CT) scanning remains the most important diagnostic test for this disorder. The aim of this study was to characterise the relationship between the recurrence of CSDH after treatment with burr-hole irrigation and closed-system drainage technique and CT scan features of these lesions to assess whether CT findings can be used to predict recurrence.

Local and systemic pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine patterns in patients with chronic subdural hematoma: a prospective study.

Objective And Design: Innate immune pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) were investigated by measuring and comparing the systemic and subdural fluid levels of cytokines.

Materials And Method: Cytokine values were analyzed in samples obtained during surgery of 56 adult patients who were operated on for unilateral CSDHs using a Multiplex antibody bead kit.

Results: There were significantly higher levels of the pro-inflammatory IL-2R (p = 0.

Chemokines as markers of local inflammation and angiogenesis in patients with chronic subdural hematoma: a prospective study.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the chemokines CCL2, CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL10 as markers of the inflammatory responses in chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).

Methods: Samples of peripheral venous blood and CSDH fluid (obtained during surgery) in 76 adult patients were prospectively analyzed. Chemokine values were assessed by a Multiplex antibody bead kit.

Twenty-year outcome in young adults with childhood hydrocephalus: assessment of surgical outcome, work participation, and health-related quality of life.

Object: Shunting of CSF is one of the most commonly performed operations in the pediatric neurosurgeon's repertoire. The 1st decade after initial shunt insertion has been addressed in several previous reports. The goals of the authors' study, therefore, were to determine 20-year outcomes in young adults with childhood hydrocephalus and to assess their health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in preoperative comatose patients (Hunt and Hess Grade V patients).

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in preoperative comatose patients (Hunt and Hess Grade V patients).

Methods: Patients who were comatose at hospital arrival and thereafter were investigated for 1 year using a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and 2 HRQOL questionnaires.

Results: Thirty-five of 70 patients survived the bleed, and 26 underwent neuropsychological testing.

Cognitive functioning and health related quality of life after rupture of an aneurysm on the anterior communicating artery versus middle cerebral artery.

The neuropsychological outcome and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) after SAH have been largely believed to be unrelated to the location of the ruptured aneurysm. This notion needs verification due to the contemporary availability of more sensitive neuropsychological test batteries and more recent clinical observations of deviant behaviour after SAH. To this end, we compared patients with ruptured aneurysms on respectively the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) (n = 24) or middle cerebral artery (MCA) (n = 22).

Surgical repair of unruptured and ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms: impact on cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life.

Objective: To assess the impact of surgical treatment of unruptured and ruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms on cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods: This was a prospective study enrolling 15 patients with unruptured MCA aneurysms and 22 patients with ruptured MCA aneurysms in good clinical condition postictally. Patients with unruptured aneurysms underwent preoperative neuropsychological testing and answered 2 HRQOL questionnaires.

[Hemicraniectomy in acute brain infarction].

Background: Massive hemispheric brain infarctions are associated with high mortality, due to cerebral oedema, increased intracranial pressure, distortion of the brain stem and herniation. Decompressive craniectomy involves opening of the dura mater to give more space for the brain. This review describes hemicraniectomy and discusses its usefulness, especially in massive cerebral infarctions.

[Subarachnoid haemorrhage--diagnosis and management].

Introduction: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) causes 3% of all strokes and is caused by a ruptured cerebral aneurysm in four of five cases. This review article presents an update of knowledge on symptoms, diagnosis and management of SAH.

Material And Methods: This article is based on selected literature and the authors' clinical experience.

Cognitive outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: time course of recovery and relationship to clinical, radiological, and management parameters.

Objective: Although many patients show a satisfactory physical outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), disabling cognitive dysfunction may still be present. This study focuses on the time course of cognitive recovery during the first year after aneurysmal SAH, and relates the neuropsychological test results to clinical, radiological, and management parameters.

Methods: Thirty-two patients were followed prospectively with neuropsychological examinations at 3, 6, and 12 months after SAH.

[Life following acute subarachnoid haemorrhage].

Background: We studied the outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage from a patient perspective. We compared outcomes of microsurgical and endovascular aneurysm repair and assessed the impact of gender and age on quality of life.

Material And Methods: 60 patients undergoing repair of a ruptured intracranial aneurysm from January to July 2001 were included consecutively (35 women).