Comparison of hippocampal volume measurement by autopsy and post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging.

We present an autopsy-validated, non-invasive, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based segmentation algorithm, for determining hippocampal volume. A segmentation algorithm was developed to assess the volume of the hippocampus. Deceased individuals with severe mental illness were used to evaluate the use of MRI imaging to determine hippocampal volume as this group has previously been associated with altered hippocampal volume diagnosed on MRI.

A Prospective Study Comparing Tc-Hydroxyethylene-Diphosphonate Planar Bone Scintigraphy and Whole-Body SPECT/CT with F-Fluoride PET/CT and F-Fluoride PET/MRI for Diagnosing Bone Metastases.

We prospectively evaluated and compared the diagnostic performance of Tc-hydroxyethylene-diphosphonate (Tc-HDP) planar bone scintigraphy (pBS), Tc-HDP SPECT/CT, F-NaF PET/CT, and F-NaF PET/MRI for the detection of bone metastases. One hundred seventeen patients with histologically proven malignancy referred for clinical pBS were prospectively enrolled. pBS and whole-body SPECT/CT were performed followed by F-NaF PET/CT within 9 d.

Osseous osteoarthritic-like changes and joint mobility of the temporomandibular joints and upper cervical spine: is there a relation?

Objectives: To compare 1) temporomandibular joint (TMJ) mobility between patients with and without reduced upper cervical spine (UCS) mobility and with and without TMJ osseous osteoarthritic-like changes, and 2) UCS osseous changes between patients with and without TMJ osseous osteoarthritic-like changes and with and without reduced UCS mobility.

Study Design: The study comprised 39 patients without pain from TMJ or UCS and with obstructive sleep apnea, 15 women (age range 26-72 years, mean 56.0) and 24 men (age range 27-71 years, mean 49.

PET/MR Imaging in Musculoskeletal Disorders.

There is emerging evidence suggesting that PET/MR imaging will have a role in many aspects of musculoskeletal imaging. The synergistic potential of hybrid PET/MR imaging in terms of acquiring anatomic, molecular, and functional data simultaneously seems advantageous in the diagnostic workup, treatment planning and monitoring, and follow-up of patients with musculoskeletal malignancies, and may also prove helpful in assessment of musculoskeletal infectious and inflammatory disorders. The application of more sophisticated MR imaging sequences and PET radiotracers other than FDG in the diagnostic workup and follow-up of patients with musculoskeletal disorders should be explored.

Forensic age estimation from the clavicle using 1.0T MRI--preliminary results.

Objectives: As forensic age estimations in the living are performed without medical indication, there is a need for the development of non-ionizing methods. This study investigates the use of 1.0T MRI to visualize the ossification status of the medial end of the clavicle.

PET/MRI for Preoperative Planning in Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Technical Report of Two Patients.

Clinical positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition protocols may improve the evaluation of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) prior to surgical planning. We examined two patients with lower extremity STS using a Siemens Biograph mMR PET/MRI scanner and the glucose analogue 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG). We investigated clinically relevant tumor volumes and evaluated the relations to skeletal periosteum and nerve bundles.

Few adverse reactions to metal on metal articulation in total hip arthroplasty in a review study on 358 consecutive cases with 1 to 5 years follow-up.

The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of adverse reaction to metal on metal total hip arthroplasty using a M2a-38 articulation and a Magnum articulation, (Biomet Warsaw, Indiana).All patients who had received a Metal on Metal bearing prosthesis, in two centres in Copenhagen, were asked to complete a questionnaire about groin pain. Patients with self-reported groin pain, 68/314, underwent a physical examination and had Co and Cr ion levels measured in full blood samples.

MRI quantification of rheumatoid arthritis: current knowledge and future perspectives.

The international consensus on treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves early initiation of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for which a reliable identification of early disease is mandatory. Conventional radiography of the joints is considered the standard method for detecting and quantifying joint damage in RA. However, radiographs only show late disease manifestations as joint space narrowing and bone erosions, whereas it cannot detect synovitis and bone marrow oedema, i.

MRI and pathology in persistent postherniotomy pain.

Background: Persistent postherniotomy pain impairs everyday life in 5% to 10% of patients. MRI can potentially be useful in the investigation of pathogenic mechanisms and guide surgeons in mesh removal and neurectomy. No study has investigated interobserver agreement or MRI-specific findings in persistent postherniotomy pain.

Biomarkers of inflammation in patients with unclassified polyarthritis and early rheumatoid arthritis. Relationship to disease activity and radiographic outcome.

Objective: To determine plasma interleukin 6 (pIL-6), plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (pVEGF), and serum (s) YKL-40 in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and unclassified polyarthritis (PA), and investigate their relationship with radiographic outcome.

Methods: pIL-6 and pVEGF were determined by ELISA and sYKL-40 by an in-house radioimmunoassay in 51 patients with early RA and 21 with PA. Patients were followed with clinical and biochemical measurement every month for 2 years.

Clinical outcome and imaging changes after intraarticular (IA) application of etanercept or methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis: magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound-Doppler show no effect of IA injections in the wrist after 4 weeks.

Objective: To assess the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) changes in the wrist of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 4 weeks after an US guided intraarticular (IA) injection.

Methods: Contrast enhanced MRI and US-Doppler were performed at baseline and 4 weeks after IA injection of either 40 mg methylprednisolone (n = 12) or 25 mg etanercept (n = 13) in 25 patients with RA taking disease modifying antirheumatic drugs with a therapy-resistant wrist joint. All injections were US guided.

Intra-articular distribution pattern after ultrasound-guided injections in wrist joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of an ultrasound-guided intra-articular (IA) injection in the wrist joint of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: An ultrasound-guided IA drug injection into the wrist joint was performed in 17 patients with 1 ml methylprednisolone (40 mg/ml), 0.5 ml Lidocaine (5mg/ml) and 0.

Pierre Robin sequence may be caused by dysregulation of SOX9 and KCNJ2.

Background: The Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), consisting of cleft palate, micrognathia and glossoptosis, can be seen as part of the phenotype in other Mendelian syndromes--for instance, campomelic dysplasia (CD) which is caused by SOX9 mutations--but the aetiology of non-syndromic PRS has not yet been unravelled.

Objective: To gain more insight into the aetiology of PRS by studying patients with PRS using genetic and cytogenetic methods.

Methods: 10 unrelated patients with PRS were investigated by chromosome analyses and bacterial artificial chromosome arrays.

Connective tissue metabolism in patients with unclassified polyarthritis and early rheumatoid arthritis. Relationship to disease activity, bone mineral density, and radiographic outcome.

Objective: To assess the applicability of serum concentrations of markers of synovial inflammation, cartilage, and bone metabolism in relation to conventional markers of disease activity, bone mineral density (BMD) of the hand, and radiographic outcome.

Methods: Biochemical markers of collagen tissue metabolism were measured in 72 patients with symmetrically swollen and tender second and third metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joints for at least 4 weeks and less than 2 years. At 2 years, 51 patients fulfilled the American College Rheumatology criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 21 patients had unclassified polyarthritis.

New radiographic bone erosions in the wrists of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are detectable with magnetic resonance imaging a median of two years earlier.

Objective: In a 5-year followup study, we investigated the temporal relationship between development of wrist joint erosions as visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus conventional radiography (CR), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. We also evaluated the risk of erosive progression on CR associated with the presence of MRI erosions.

Methods: In 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, MRI and CR of the dominant wrist were performed annually for 5 years.