Normalization of puberty and adult height in girls with Turner syndrome: results of the Swedish Growth Hormone trials initiating transition into adulthood.

Objective: To study the impact of GH dose and age at GH start in girls with Turner syndrome (TS), aiming for normal height and age at pubertal onset (PO) and at adult height (AH). However, age at diagnosis will limit treatment possibilities.

Methods: National multicenter investigator-initiated studies (TNR 87-052-01 and TNR 88-072) in girls with TS, age 3-16 years at GH start during year 1987-1998, with AH in 2003-2011.

Dose-dependent effect of growth hormone on final height in children with short stature without growth hormone deficiency.

Context: The effect of GH therapy in short non-GH-deficient children, especially those with idiopathic short stature (ISS), has not been clearly established owing to the lack of controlled trials continuing until final height (FH).

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on growth to FH of two GH doses given to short children, mainly with ISS, compared with untreated controls.

Design And Setting: A randomized, controlled, long-term multicenter trial was conducted in Sweden.

Oestrogen treatment of constitutional tall stature in girls: is there a risk of thrombosis or bleeding?

Aim: To evaluate haemostatic effects and clinical outcome of oestrogen treatment of constitutionally tall stature in girls.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre cohort study, 63 girls referred over a period of 15 years were investigated. The girls were given oestrogen treatment for constitutional tall stature at a median initial dose of 300 ug ethinyl estradiol/day and were consecutively examined for changes in coagulation.

An androgen receptor gene mutation (E653K) in a family with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency as well as in partial androgen insensitivity.

An androgen receptor (AR) variant (E653K) was found in two unrelated Swedish families. One family had two girls affected with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The girls, who showed mild virilization in relation to their CYP21 genotype, had inherited the AR gene mutation from their father, who showed no symptoms of androgen insensitivity.