Lung function outcomes in adults born extremely preterm across three decades of advancing perinatal medicine.

Aim: Advances in perinatal medicine from 1980 to 2000 improved survival in extremely preterm (EP) neonates. Long-term effects of these developments remain unclear, and we aimed to investigate potential cohort effects on adult lung function.

Methods: Three 18-year-old population-based cohorts born at ≤28 weeks gestation or with birthweight ≤1000 g during 1982-85, 1991-92 and 1999-2000 and term-controls underwent spirometry, body plethysmography, and tests of lung diffusing capacity, bronchodilator reversibility, and airway hyperresponsiveness.

Epidemiological and microbial trends of infective endocarditis in western Norway: a 7-year prospective observational study.

Background: In this prospective, observational study, we aimed to investigate epidemiologic and microbial trends of infective endocarditis in western Norway.

Methods: Clinical and microbiological characteristics of 497 cases of infective endocarditis from 2016 through 2022 were investigated. Categorical data were analysed using Chi-squared tests.

High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T and Frailty Predict Short-Term Mortality in Patients ≥75 Years Undergoing Emergency Abdominal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: An elevated cardiac troponin concentration is a prognostic factor for perioperative cardiac morbidity and mortality. In elderly patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery, frailty is a recognized risk factor, but little is known about the prognostic value of cardiac troponin in these vulnerable patients. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic significance of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) concentration and frailty in a cohort of elderly patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery.

Measuring pain intensity through physical interaction in an experimental model of cold-induced pain: A method comparison study.

Objectives: Assessment of pain is challenging given its subjective nature. Standard pain assessment tools have limitations. We aimed to compare the verbal numeric rating scale (NRS) and Grasp, a novel handheld electronic device that reports pain by squeezing.

Health-related quality of life in two birth cohorts of extremely preterm born adults.

Aim: Investigate potential long-term cohort influences on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults born extremely preterm (EP) during the 1980-90s, in view of advancements in neonatal care within that timeframe.

Methods: Two cohorts of EP-born adults (82-85 cohort and 91-92 cohort) enrolling matched term controls, were compared. Participants were assessed at 18 years and again in their mid-twenties using the Child Health Questionnaire Children Form-87 (CHQ-CF87) and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).

Stretching oneself too thin and facing ethical challenges: Healthcare professionals' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Backgrounds: Most countries are facing increased pressure on healthcare resources. A better understanding of how healthcare providers respond to new demands is relevant for future pandemics and other crises.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore what nurses and doctors in Norway reported as their main ethical challenges during two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic: February 2021 and February 2022.

Male patients with inflammatory joint diseases are less likely than controls to be childless: results from a Norwegian population-based cohort study of 10 865 patients.

Objectives: To investigate the number of children per man and the proportion of childless men as a proxy of fertility in a national cohort of men with inflammatory joint diseases (IJDs), compared with matched controls from the general population.

Methods: This is a nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study. Male patients with IJDs (n = 10 865) in the Norwegian Arthritis Registry were individually matched 1:5 on birth year and county of residence with men without IJDs obtained from the National Population Register (n = 54 325).

Anxiety and depression in patients aged 80 years and older following aortic valve therapy. A six-month follow-up study.

Background: Little is known about mental health following advanced cardiac procedures in the oldest patients.

Aims: To study changes in anxiety and depression from baseline to one- and six-month follow-up in older patients following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).

Methods: Prospective cohort study of patients ≥ 80 years undergoing elective TAVI or SAVR in a tertiary university hospital.

Upfront Radiosurgery vs a Wait-and-Scan Approach for Small- or Medium-Sized Vestibular Schwannoma: The V-REX Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Current guidelines for treating small- to medium-sized vestibular schwannoma recommend either upfront radiosurgery or waiting to treat until tumor growth has been detected radiographically.

Objective: To determine whether upfront radiosurgery provides superior tumor volume reduction to a wait-and-scan approach for small- to medium-sized vestibular schwannoma.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Randomized clinical trial of 100 patients with a newly diagnosed (<6 months) unilateral vestibular schwannoma and a maximal tumor diameter of less than 2 cm in the cerebellopontine angle as measured on magnetic resonance imaging.

Vaccination prevents severe COVID-19 outcome in patients with neutralizing type 1 interferon autoantibodies.

A hallmark of patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is serological neutralizing autoantibodies against type 1 interferons (IFN-I). The presence of these antibodies has been associated with severe course of COVID-19. The aims of this study were to investigate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine tolerability and immune responses in a large cohort of patients with APS-1 (N = 33) and how these vaccinated patients coped with subsequent infections.

Patterns of physical activity over 34 years in a large sample of adults: The HUNT study, Norway.

Aims: To examine physical activity patterns over 34 years in a representative adult population in Norway.

Methods: Longitudinal data were obtained from the Helseundersøkelsen i Trøndelag (HUNT) study, performed in 1984-1986 (HUNT1), 2006-2008 (HUNT3) and 2017-2019 (HUNT4). There were a total 123,005 participants across all four studies.

Lower levels of physical activity volume are beneficial, and it's never too late to start: Results from the HUNT Study, Norway.

Aims: We aimed to explore (a) how different patterns of physical activity (PA) over time (36 years) were associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, (b) if the association was similar for males and females and for different body mass levels and (c) how change in PA was associated with mortality for subjects who started out as physically inactive.

Methods: The study is based on the prospective population-based cohort Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) from 1984 to 2020, across four study waves. Data were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry.

Use of inhaled ipratropium bromide to improve exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction cannot be recommended.

Introduction: Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a common cause of exertional breathing problems in young adults. Current management generally consists of breathing advice, speech therapy, inspiratory muscle training or supraglottoplasty in highly motivated subjects with supraglottic collapse. Inhaled ipratropium bromide (IB) is a muscarinic receptor antagonist used to treat asthma that is suggested in a few reports to improve EILO symptoms.

Long-term follow-up of self-reported mental health and health-related quality of life in adults born extremely preterm.

Background: Survival of extremely preterm (EP) birth is increasing, but long-term consequences are still largely unknown as their high survival rates are recent achievements.

Aims: To examine self-reported mental health, and health related quality of life (HRQoL) in a cohort of adults born EP in the early 1990s and individually matched term-born controls, and to describe development through the transition from teenager to adults.

Methods: Thirty-five eligible subjects were born at gestational age ≤ 28 weeks or with birth weight ≤ 1000 g during 1991-1992 in this population-based cohort from Western Norway.

Early surfactant and non-invasive ventilation versus intubation and surfactant: a propensity score-matched national study.

Objective: To compare outcome after less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and primary endotracheal intubation (non-LISA) in infants born before gestational age (GA) 28 weeks.

Setting: All neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Norway during 2012-2018.

Methods: Defined population-based data were prospectively entered into a national registry.

Agreement of clinical assessment of burn size and burn depth between referring hospitals and burn centres: A systematic review.

Background: The quality of burn care is highly dependent on the initial assessment and care. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the agreement of clinical assessment of burn depth and %TBSA between the referring units and the receiving burn centres.

Methods: Included articles had to meet criteria defined in a PICO (patients, interventions, comparisons, outcomes).

Implementing a new emergency medical triage tool in one health region in Norway: some lessons learned.

Background: Acutely sick or injured patients depend on ambulance and emergency department personnel performing an accurate initial assessment and prioritisation (triage) to effectively identify patients in need of immediate treatment. Triage also ensures that each patient receives fair initial assessment. To improve the patient safety, quality of care, and communication about a patient's medical condition, we implemented a new triage tool (the South African Triage Scale Norway (SATS-N) in all the ambulance services and emergency departments in one health region in Norway.

Tracking of lung function from 10 to 35 years after being born extremely preterm or with extremely low birth weight.

Background: Lifelong pulmonary consequences of being born extremely preterm or with extremely low birth weight remain unknown. We aimed to describe lung function trajectories from 10 to 35 years of age for individuals born extremely preterm, and address potential cohort effects over a period that encompassed major changes in perinatal care.

Methods: We performed repeated spirometry in three population-based cohorts born at gestational age ≤28 weeks or with birth weight ≤1000 g during 1982-85, 1991-92 and 1999-2000, referred to as extremely preterm-born, and in term-born controls matched for age and gender.

Left Vocal Cord Paralysis, Lung Function and Exercise Capacity in Young Adults Born Extremely Preterm With a History of Neonatal Patent Ductus Arteriosus Surgery-A National Cohort Study.

Left vocal cord paralysis (LVCP) is a known complication of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) surgery in extremely preterm (EP) born neonates; however, consequences of LVCP beyond the first year of life are insufficiently described. Both voice problems and breathing difficulties during physical activity could be expected with an impaired laryngeal inlet. More knowledge may improve the follow-up of EP-born subjects who underwent PDA surgery and prevent confusion between LVCP and other diagnoses.

Accuracy of single intravenous access iohexol GFR in children is hampered by marker contamination.

Measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children by iohexol injection and blood sampling from the contralateral arm is widely used. A single intravenous access for iohexol injection and subsequent blood sampling has the obvious advantages of being less painful and easier to perform. The purpose of our study was to determine if blood samples drawn from the injection access are feasible and accurate for iohexol GFR (iGFR) measurements.