Publications by authors named "Karl G Nygren"

Objective: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technology (ART) performed worldwide, and trends in outcomes over successive years.

Design: Cross-sectional survey on access, efficiency, and safety of ART procedures performed in 55 countries during 2007.

Setting: Not applicable.

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Study Question: What are the access, effectiveness and safety of assisted reproductive technology (ART) worldwide in 2006?

Summary Answer: ART access, effectiveness and safety vary markedly among countries. Overall, there was an increase in the use of ICSI, single embryo transfer (SET) and frozen embryo transfer (FET). There was a decline in the multiple delivery rate (DR) and preterm birth rate.

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Objective: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technology (ART) performed worldwide and trends in outcomes over successive years.

Design: Cross-sectional survey on access, effectiveness, and safety of ART procedures performed in 53 countries during 2005.

Setting: A total of 2,973 clinics from national and regional ART registries.

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Objective: To systematically quantify the impact of consumer cost on assisted reproduction technology (ART) utilization and numbers of embryos transferred.

Design: Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression models were constructed to measure the independent impact of ART affordability-measured as consumer cost relative to average disposable income-on ART utilization and embryo transfer practices.

Setting: Not applicable.

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Study Questions: What are the risks of adverse outcomes in singletons born after frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET)?

Summary Answer: Singletons born after FET have a better perinatal outcome compared with singletons born after fresh IVF and ICSI as regards low birthweight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB), but a worse perinatal outcome compared with singletons born after spontaneous conception.

What Is Known Already: Previous studies have shown a worse perinatal outcome in children born after IVF in general compared with children born after spontaneous conception. In singletons born after FET, a lower rate of PTB and LBW and a higher rate of large for gestational age (LGA) compared with singletons born after fresh IVF have been shown.

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Objective: To analyze information on assisted reproductive technologies (ART) performed globally.

Design: Data on access, efficacy, and safety of ART were collected for the year 2003 from 54 countries.

Setting: National and regional ART registries globally.

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Background: Clinical guidelines are intended to improve healthcare. However, even if guidelines are excellent, their implementation is not assured. In subfertility care, the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) guidelines have been inventoried, and their methodological quality has been assessed.

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The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology's (ICMART) Eighth World Report analyzes assisted reproductive technology (ART) practice and results for the year 2002 from 53 countries by type of ART, women's age, number of embryos transferred and multiple births. Over 601,243 initiated cycles resulted in a delivery rate (DR) per aspiration of 22.4% for conventional IVF, 21.

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An attitude shift toward ART in developing countries has resulted in attempts exploring low-cost ART suitable to limited resource settings. This is a positive and needed development. Future steps should consider national infertility needs, position of infertility services within comprehensive reproductive health programs, ART surveillance, and equitable access.

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INTRODUCTION The purpose of the present study was to review existing population surveys on the prevalence of infertility and proportion of couples seeking medical help for fertility problems. METHODS Population surveys, reporting the prevalence of infertility and proportion of couples seeking help in more and less developed countries, were reviewed. RESULTS Estimates on the prevalence of infertility came from 25 population surveys sampling 172 413 women.

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The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology's 7th World Report for the year 2000 analyzes wide variations in live and multiple birth rates from 49 countries and six regions by type of assisted reproductive technology, age, number of embryos transferred, and multiple births. More than 460,157 procedures resulted in delivery rate per aspiration for conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) of 18.6%; for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 20.

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Background: The possible excess of congenital malformations in infants born after in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been much discussed in the literature, with controversial conclusions. This population based study is aimed at analyzing the presence of congenital malformations in a large group of infants born after IVF and to compare malformation risk both with that of all infants born and according to IVF method used.

Methods: Infants born after IVF during the period 1982-2001 were ascertained from all IVF clinics in Sweden.

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