Exploring aerosol-specific calibration and performance of three direct-reading photometers.

Laser photometers provide real-time data on airborne aerosols. They are a valuable tool for assessing task exposures, as well as process and environmental changes. However, their performance compared to the validated National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) method Particulates Not Otherwise Regulated, Respirable 0600 gravitational method is uncertain.

Biomechanics of flail chest injuries: tidal volume and respiratory work changes in multiple segmental rib fractures.

Background: Flail chest (FC) injuries are segmental osseous injuries of the thorax that typically result from high-energy blunt trauma and regularly occur in multiple trauma (MT) patients. FC injuries are associated with paradoxical chest wall movements and, thus, have a high risk of respiratory insufficiency or even death. An increasing number of studies recommend an early surgical stabilization of FC injuries, but a definite trigger that would indicate surgery has, thus far, not been identified.

Intraoperative Doppler flowmetry evaluation of humeral head perfusion after proximal humerus fracture.

Background: Understanding vascularity and assessing the risk of post-traumatic avascular necrosis are crucial for predicting outcomes and identifying optimal treatment options in proximal humerus fractures (PHFs). Until now, Hertel et al have been the only researchers to evaluate the intraoperative perfusion of the humeral head after fracture using Doppler flowmetry in a central single drill hole within the head. This pilot study aims to standardize the evaluation of intraoperative perfusion measurements in different areas of the humeral head in patients with PHF.

[VY-plasty for chronic quadriceps tendon rupture].

Objective: Lengthening of the quadriceps tendon for dehiscence in chronic rupture.

Indications: Chronic rupture of the quadriceps tendon with delayed diagnosis or failure of primary refixation with a dehiscence between 1 and 5 cm.

Contraindications: Dehiscence of more than 5 cm.

[Reconstruction of the patellar tendon with autologous or allogeneic semitendinosus tendon transplant for chronic rupture].

Objective: Reconstruction of a patellar tendon defect in the event of a chronic rupture.

Indications: Chronic rupture of the patellar tendon due to delayed diagnosis or failure of primary refixation with a dehiscence that does not allow for anatomical refixation without patellar tendon shortening.

Contraindications: Infection.

[Reconstruction of the medial collateral ligament complex with a flat semitendinosus auto- or allograft].

Objective: Replacement of superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and posterior oblique ligament (POL) with an allograft.

Indications: Chronic 3° isolated medial instability and combined anteromedial or posteromedial instability.

Contraindications: Infection, open growth plates, restricted range of motion (less than E/F 0-0-90°).

[Refixation of a posterior medial root lesion in combination with centralization by a meniscotibial suture].

Objective: Refixation of a posterior root lesion of the medial meniscus via a tibial drill tunnel and prevention of extrusion using a meniscotibial suture (centralization).

Indications: Posterior root lesion of the medial meniscus.

Contraindications: Grade 4 cartilage damage in the corresponding compartment, uncorrected varus or valgus deformities, symptomatic instabilities, extensive degenerative tears apart from the root region.

[Medial closing wedge osteotomy for correction of valgus deformity].

Objective: Correction of a proximal tibial valgus deformity.

Indications: Lateral osteoarthritis of the knee or cartilage damage in a valgus deformity > 5° with a medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) > 90°.

Contraindications: Medial proximal tibial angle < 90°, medial cartilage damage, medial meniscus loss.

[Modified pendulum osteotomy to correct severe tibial varus deformity].

Objective: Correction of a severe tibial varus deformity near the knee joint with only a slight influence on leg length and patella height.

Indications: Medial osteoarthritis and/or cartilage damage with a severe varus deformity > 10° with a medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) < 80°.

Contraindications: Femoral varus deformity with lateral distal femoral angle > 91°, severe lateral cartilage damage, lateral osteoarthritis, lateral meniscus loss.

Evaluating ChatGPT responses to frequently asked patient questions regarding periprosthetic joint infection after total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Background: Patients access relevant information concerning their orthopaedic surgery resources through multiple information channels before presenting for clinical treatment. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots have become another source of information for patients. The currently developed AI chat technology ChatGPT (OpenAI LP) is an application for such purposes and it has been rapidly gaining popularity, including for patient education.

[Subtuberosity anterior closing wedge osteotomy to correct the increased posterior slope of the tibial plateau].

Objective: Reduction of increased reclination of the tibial plateau (posterior slope) to improve the anterior stability of the knee joint.

Indications: Increased posterior reclination of the tibial plateau greater than 12° in combination with recurrent instability after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Contraindications: Hyperextension of more than 15° (relative).

The Safety and Efficacy of Microporous Polysaccharide Hemospheres in Terms of the Complication Rates in Total Hip Arthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fractures: A Control-Matched Retrospective Cohort.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (MPSHs) in managing blood loss and reducing the risk of postoperative haematoma and early periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) for femoral neck fracture (FNF), in the context of the existing treatment challenges.

Methods: A control-matched retrospective analysis of 163 patients undergoing unilateral primary THA for displaced FNF between 2020 and 2023 was performed. The study group consisted of 74 patients who received MPSH administered intraoperatively.

Reconstruction of the Medial Collateral Ligament Complex With a Flat Allograft Semitendinosus Tendon.

The aim of this Technical Note is to reconstruct the medial collateral ligament complex with the superior medial collateral ligament and posterior oblique ligament as anatomically as possible. An allograft or contralateral semitendinosus autograft is used for anatomic reconstruction of the superior medial collateral ligament and posterior oblique ligament. After bony fixation, the tendon bundles are sutured to the remnants of the medial collateral ligament complex.

Restoration of Hip Geometry after Femoral Neck Fracture: A Comparison of the Femoral Neck System (FNS) and the Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS).

Background: The femoral neck system (FNS) was introduced as a minimally invasive fixation device for managing femoral neck fractures.

Objective: To compare radiographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of femoral neck fracture patients following FNS compared to dynamic hip screw (DHS) implantation combined with an anti-rotational screw.

Methods: Patients who underwent closed reduction and internal fixation of a femoral neck fracture between 2020 and 2022 were retrospectively included.

Increased asphericity of the femoral head-neck junction in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes - a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: Breaking has gained public attention as a form of sports activity. The associated intense movements of the hip joints are possibly linked to the development of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Therefore, this study aimed to assess clinical and radiographic FAI measures in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes.

Inter-Observer and Intra-Observer Reliability Assessment of the Established Classification Systems for Periprosthetic Shoulder Fractures.

This study evaluated the reliability and comprehensiveness of the Unified classification system (UCPF), Wright & Cofield, Worland and Kirchhoff classifications and related treatment recommendations for periprosthetic shoulder fractures (PPSFx). Two shoulder arthroplasty specialists (experts) and two orthopaedic residents (non-experts) assessed 20 humeral-sided and five scapula-sided cases of PPSFx. We used the unweighted Cohen's Kappa (κ) for measuring the intra-observer reliability and Krippendorff's alpha (α) for measuring the inter-observer reliability.

Clinical Outcome after Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: Comparison of Two Angular Stable Locking Plates-TomoFix™ versus LOQTEQ HTO Plate.

This study evaluated bony healing and clinical results after medial open-wedge HTO to compare the outcome of the LOQTEQ HTO plate and the TomoFix™ internal plate fixator. A prospective, non-randomised, comparative study was undertaken. The same surgical technique for the medial open-wedge HTO was used in two treatment groups.

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in Athletes: Systematic Review and Current Perspectives.

Objective: Exertional rhabdomyolysis results from a breakdown of skeletal muscle cells after intense exercise in otherwise healthy patients, causing increased levels of creatine kinase (CK) or myoglobin, as well as urine dipstick positive for blood, and may result in kidney insufficiency. The aim of this study was to outline the current perspectives of exertional rhabdomyolysis in athletes and subsequent treatment based on the current literature.

Data Sources: We searched the MEDLINE/PubMed and Google databases for ([exercise] OR [exertional]) AND rhabdomyolysis following the PRISMA guidelines.

Cervical immobilization in trauma patients: soft collars better than rigid collars? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Rigid cervical spine following trauma immobilization is recommended to reduce neurological disability and provide spinal stability. Soft collars have been proposed as a good alternative because of the complications related to rigid collars. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review on soft and rigid collars in the prehospital management of cervical trauma.

A Review of Functional Outcomes after the App-Based Rehabilitation of Patients with TKA and THA.

Following the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, several elective surgeries were cancelled, and rehabilitation units were closed. This has led to difficulties for patients seeking access to rehabilitation in order to achieve the best possible outcome. New applications with or without sensors were developed to address this need, but the outcome has not been examined in detail yet.

[Analysis of rising treatment cost of elevated BMI in patients with proximal femoral fracture].

Driven by the aging population, the proximal femoral fracture is a rising fracture entity, challenging trauma surgeons as well as the German healthcare system as a whole. The rising average age of the population is accompanied by a rising BMI in the German population, resulting in longer operation times, longer average length of stay (ALOS) as well as more postoperative complications.The aim of this study was to demonstrate the economic correlation between body mass index and hospital costs.

Distal Radius Fracture with Ipsilateral Elbow Dislocation: A Rare but Challenging Injury.

Distal radius fractures are common and account for approximately 14% to 18% of all adult extremity injuries. On rare occasions, ipsilateral elbow dislocation can be observed additionally. However, this can be missed without careful examination, especially in patients experiencing altered mental status.

Microbiological Advantages of Open Incisional Biopsies for the Diagnosis of Suspected Periprosthetic Joint Infections.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) represents a serious complication following total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA). When preoperative synovial fluid cultures remain inconclusive, open incisional joint biopsy (OIB) can support causative microorganism identification.

Objective: This study investigates the potential benefit of OIB in THA and TKA patients with suspected PJI and ambigious diagnostic results following synovial fluid aspiration.

Outcome Analysis of the Use of Cerament in Patients with Chronic Osteomyelitis and Corticomedullary Defects.

Background: Chronic osteomyelitis (OM) is a progressive but mostly low-grade infection of the bones. The management of this disease is highly challenging for physicians. Despite systematic treatment approaches, recurrence rates are high.

Dysregulation of Wnt signaling in bone of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic Charcot arthropathy.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients show a markedly higher fracture risk and impaired fracture healing when compared to non-diabetic patients. However in contrast to type 1 diabetes mellitus, bone mineral density in T2DM is known to be normal or even regionally elevated, also known as diabetic bone disease. Charcot arthropathy is a severe and challenging complication leading to bone destruction and mutilating bone deformities.