Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by the expansion in Norway - prevalence, ancestry, clinical characteristics and sociodemographic status.

Objective: The most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the expansion. A high incidence of this expansion has been detected in Sweden and Finland. This Norwegian population-based study aimed to identify the prevalence, geographic distribution, ancestry, and relatedness of ALS patients with a expansion (C9).

Visual inspection versus spectrophotometry for xanthochromia detection in patients with sudden onset severe headache-A diagnostic accuracy study.

Objective: There is still disagreement about whether to routinely use spectrophotometry to detect xanthochromia in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or whether visual inspection is adequate. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these methods in detecting an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with sudden onset severe headache.

Background: When a patient presents to the emergency department with a headache for which there is suspicion of a subarachnoid hemorrhage, the gold standard to rule this out is to perform a CSF analysis for xanthochromia with or without spectrophotometry if the cranial non-contrast computed tomography (CT) upon admission is negative.

Repeat expansions in , , and in Norwegian patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Genetic repeat expansions cause neuronal degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as well as other neurodegenerative disorders such as spinocerebellar ataxia, Huntington's disease and Kennedy's disease. Repeat expansions in the same gene can cause multiple clinical phenotypes. We aimed to characterize repeat expansions in a Norwegian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cohort.

Cumulative exposure to estrogen may increase the risk of migraine in women.

Background: Migraine is a common disorder, particularly affecting women during their reproductive years. This female preponderance has been linked to exposure to female sex hormones.

Methods: We used self-reported data from women born in 1943-1965 enrolled in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study to examine the differences between women with migraine and women without migraine in a prospective design with respect to both endogenous and exogenous female sex hormone exposure.

Transient ischemic attack or migraine with aura?

Migraine or migraine-like symptoms can contribute to a delayed stroke diagnosis. However, migraine with aura is a common stroke mimic and often the basis for acute thrombolytic therapy. It is probably also the reason why many patients are misdiagnosed with a transient ischemic attack.

Effect of innovative vs. usual care physical therapy in subacute rehabilitation after stroke. A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Research on stroke rehabilitation often addresses common difficulties such as gait, balance or physical activity separately, a fragmentation contrasting the complexity in clinical practice. Interventions aiming for recovery are needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of a comprehensive low-cost physical therapy intervention, I-CoreDIST, vs.

The precarity of patient participation - a qualitative interview study of experiences from the acute stroke and rehabilitation journey.

Introduction: Active patient participation is an important factor in optimizing post-stroke recovery, yet it is often low, regardless of stroke severity. The reasons behind this trend are unclear.

Purpose: To explore how people who have suffered a stroke, perceive the transition from independence to dependence and whether their role in post-stroke rehabilitation influences active participation.

A man in his forties with acute confusion.

Rapid and thorough assessment of acute neuropsychiatric symptoms is essential for effective treatment. Here we describe a patient with a distinctive but relatively rare disease.

Embodiment, tailoring, and trust are important for co-construction of meaning in physiotherapy after stroke: A qualitative study.

Background And Purpose: Physiotherapy, with an emphasis on high intensity, individually tailored, and person-centered treatment, is an effective route for recovery after a stroke. No single approach, however, has been deemed paramount, and there is limited knowledge about the patient experience of assessment, goal-setting, and treatment in physiotherapy. In this study, we seek to report patient experiences of I-CoreDIST-a new physiotherapy intervention that targets recovery-and those of usual care.

Effectiveness of Natalizumab in Achieving No Evidence of Disease Activity (NEDA-3)-Data From a Local Norwegian Cohort.

We aimed to determine the effectiveness of natalizumab (NTZ) by assessing overall No Evidence of Disease Activity 3 (NEDA-3) in a local Norwegian cohort. NTZ is an immunomodulating drug used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). It has typically been used as a second-line treatment, but certain patients with high disease activity have started directly with NTZ.

Comorbidity in multiple sclerosis patients from Nordland County, Norway - validated data from the Norwegian Patient Registry.

Background: Knowledge of comorbid disorders is important to optimize therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS), but data are limited. The aim of this study was to assess comorbidity in persons with MS living in Nordland County on January 1, 2017.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the Norwegian Patient Registry (2008-2017) and validated through review of electronic hospital charts (1970-2017).

Occurrence of postdural puncture headache-A randomized controlled trial comparing 22G Sprotte and Quincke.

Objective: To assess the incidence of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) using 22-gauge atraumatic needle (Sprotte, 22GS) compared with 22-gauge traumatic needle (Quincke, 22GQ).

Background: Diagnostic lumbar puncture (dLP) is commonly complicated by PDPH. Despite evidence to support the use of 22GS, European neurologists seem to keep using 22GQ.

Room tilt illusion and subclavian steal - a case report.

Background: Room tilt illusion (RTI) is a rare symptom of higher vestibular dysfunction, consisting of a transient vertical rotation of the visual scene in the sagittal or coronal plane, most often 90 or 180, without any alteration in shape, size and color of objects.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease went through an uncomplicated aortobifemoral graft surgery due to aortoiliac occlusive disease. Post-operatively she experienced five episodes, lasting from 10 to 30 min, with RTI; 90 forward rotation of the visual scene in the sagittal plane.

Sudden Caffeine Withdrawal Triggers Migraine-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Assessing the effects of caffeine withdrawal on migraine. The effects of caffeine withdrawal on migraineurs are at large unknown. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover study (NCT03022838), designed to enroll 80 adults with episodic migraine and a daily consumption of 300-800 mg caffeine.

Caffeine and Primary (Migraine) Headaches-Friend or Foe?

The actions of caffeine as an antagonist of adenosine receptors have been extensively studied, and there is no doubt that both daily and sporadic dietary consumption of caffeine has substantial biological effects on the nervous system. Caffeine influences headaches, the migraine syndrome in particular, but how is unclear. This is a narrative review based on selected articles from an extensive literature search.

Validation of the multiple sclerosis diagnosis in the Norwegian Patient Registry.

Background: Health registries may yield important data for epidemiological studies. However, in order to be a valuable source for information, the registered data have to be correct.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to validate data from the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR) regarding multiple sclerosis (MS).

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Nordland county, Norway, 2000-2015: prevalence, incidence, and clinical features.

Objective: There are some indications of increasing incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Awareness of cognitive impairment in ALS has increased in recent years. We describe the epidemiology and clinical features of ALS in a county in northern Norway over a period of 15 years.

Preventing and treating medication overuse headache.

Medication overuse headache is a secondary headache-a worsening of a pre-existing headache (usually a primary headache) owing to overuse of one or more attack-aborting or pain-relieving medications.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a rare, opportunistic infection of the central nervous system caused by the John Cunningham virus (JCV). There is no effective antiviral treatment available, and restoring immunocompetence is essential for survival. If this occurs too quickly, however, the inflammatory response may prove fatal.