What are the important risk factors for excessive daytime sleepiness in a population-based cohort?

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common complaint in the general population and is associated with cardiovascular disease and increased mortality. We aimed to investigate whether sleep duration is related to excessive daytime sleepiness in the general population, both in itself and in combination with other factors. We performed a cross-sectional analysis in the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) cohort (n = 27,976; 14,436 females; aged 50-64 years) to assess how sleep-related factors along with anthropometric, lifestyle, socioeconomic factors as well as somatic disease and psychological distress, were related with EDS assessed by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).

Heritability of cough across two generations: the RHINESSA study.

Aim: Heritability of cough has not yet been studied. We aimed to evaluate if individuals with cough are more likely to have offspring who develop cough, and if these associations differ by type of cough (productive/nonproductive).

Methods: The RHINESSA Generation Study (Respiratory Health In Northern Europe, Spain and Australia) includes 7155 parents (initially aged 30-54) answering detailed questionnaires in 2000 and 2010, and 8176 offspring ≥20 years answering similar questionnaires in 2012-2019.

Use of oral moist tobacco (snus) in puberty and its association with asthma in the population-based RHINESSA study.

Objectives: To investigate the association of early snus use initiation (≤15 years of age) with asthma and asthma symptoms.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort.

Setting: Study centres in Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Denmark and Estonia, from 2016 to 2019.

SF-6D Normative Values Among Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Results Based on Real-World Evidence from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg).

Background: The SF-6D index can be used to calculate quality-adjusted life years in economic evaluations, which is required by reimbursement agencies and national advisory bodies, including the Swedish ones. However, despite that SF-36 has been largely applied among patients undergoing bariatric surgery, almost no study has accessed the short form six-dimensions (SF-6D) after bariatric surgery.

Aim: To establish normative values for the SF-6D index among patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Gastroesophageal reflux and snoring are related to asthma and respiratory symptoms: Results from a Nordic longitudinal population survey.

Aim: To study if individuals with nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) and habitual snoring are more likely to develop asthma and respiratory symptoms (i.e. wheeze, cough, chest tightness, breathlessness) than those without these conditions, and if these associations are additive.

Early life exposures contributing to accelerated lung function decline in adulthood - a follow-up study of 11,000 adults from the general population.

Background: We aimed to assess whether exposure to risk factors in early life from conception to puberty continue to contribute to lung function decline later in life by using a pooled cohort comprising approx. 11,000 adults followed for more than 20 years and with up to three lung function measurements.

Methods: Participants (20-68 years) in the ECRHS and NFBC1966 cohort studies followed in the periods 1991-2013 and 1997-2013, respectively, were included.

In-Hospital Mortality Following Traumatic Injury in South Africa.

Unlabelled: Trauma is a leading cause of death worldwide and in South Africa. We aimed to quantify the in-hospital trauma mortality rate in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

Background: The in-hospital trauma mortality rate in South Africa remains unknown, and it is unclear whether deficits in hospital care are contributing to the high level of trauma-related mortality.

Prediction of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) after bariatric surgery using regularized linear regression models: results from a Swedish nationwide quality register.

Purpose: To investigate whether the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of the patients who underwent bariatric surgery could be predicted using their baseline information.

Materials And Methods: All patients who received bariatric surgery in Sweden between January 1, 2011 and March 31, 2019 were obtained from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg). Baseline information included patients' sociodemographic characteristics, details regarding the procedure, and postsurgical conditions.

Inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. Results from the RHINE study.

Background: Asthma and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of IBD with asthma and respiratory symptoms.

Methods: This study is based on 13,499 participants from seven northern European countries that filled in a postal questionnaire on asthma, respiratory symptoms, IBD including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and various lifestyle variables.

What is the significance of the Hill classification?

This study aimed to investigate the significance of Hill classification to predict esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptomatology, and future prescriptions of proton pump inhibitors in clinical practice. A total of 922 patients (546 women and 376 men; mean age 54.3 [SD 18.

Clinical Remission of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis - in a Longitudinal Population Study.

Background: Although asthma and allergic rhinitis are chronic diseases, some patients experience periods of remission. Information on prognostic factors associated with the remission of asthma and allergic rhinitis is valuable in resource prioritization. This study investigated factors associated with the clinical remission of asthma and allergic rhinitis.

Asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in association with home environment - The RHINE study.

We studied home environment exposures in relation to asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis among offspring of participants (parents) in the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) study (age ≤ 30 y). Totally 17,881 offspring from Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Estonia were included. Home environment exposures, including dampness and mold, type of dwelling, construction year and indoor painting were registered through a questionnaire answered by parents in the first follow up (RHINE II).

Sequential Multiple Imputation for Real-World Health-Related Quality of Life Missing Data after Bariatric Surgery.

One of the main challenges for the successful implementation of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessments is missing data. The current study examined the feasibility and validity of a sequential multiple imputation (MI) method to deal with missing values in the longitudinal HRQoL data from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry. All patients in the SOReg who received bariatric surgery between 1 January 2011 and 31 March 2019 ( = 47,653) were included for the descriptive analysis and missingness pattern exploration.

The effect of farming environment on asthma; time dependent or universal?

The increasing prevalence of asthma is linked to westernization and urbanization. Farm environments have been associated with a lower risk of asthma development. However, this may not be universal, as the association differs across birth cohorts and farming methods.

Effects of a palaeolithic diet on obstructive sleep apnoea occurring in females who are overweight after menopause-a randomised controlled trial.

Background/objectives: Obesity is the main risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea, commonly occurring in females who are overweight after menopause. We aimed to study the effect of a palaeolithic diet on sleep apnoea in females with overweight after menopause from the population.

Methods: Seventy healthy, non-smoking females with a mean age of 60 years and a mean BMI of 33 kg/m were randomised to a palaeolithic diet or to a control low-fat diet according to Nordic Nutritional Recommendations, for 2 years.

Female sex hormones and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea in European women of a population-based cohort.

Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea is higher in women after menopause. This is suggested to be a result of an altered sex hormone balance but has so far not been confirmed in a population-based study.

Objective: To investigate whether serum concentration of estrogens and progesterone are associated with the prevalence of sleep apnea symptoms in middle-aged women of the general population.

Mapping the obesity problems scale to the SF-6D: results based on the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg).

Background: Obesity Problem Scale (OP) is a widely applied instrument for obesity, however currently calculation of health utility based on OP is not feasible as it is not a preference-based measure. Using data from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg), we sought to develop a mapping algorithm to estimate SF-6D utility from OP. Furthermore, to test whether the mapping algorithm is robust to the effect of surgery.

Premature menopause and autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency in two international multi-center cohorts.

Objective: To investigate markers of premature menopause (<40 years) and specifically the prevalence of autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in European women.

Design: Postmenopausal women were categorized according to age at menopause and self-reported reason for menopause in a cross-sectional analysis of 6870 women.

Methods: Variables associated with the timing of menopause and hormone measurements of 17β-estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Rapid eye movement sleep apnea and carotid intima thickness in men and women: a SHE-MUSTACHE cohort study.

Rapid eye movement (REM) obstructive sleep apnea might be particularly harmful to the cardiovascular system. We aimed to investigate the association between sleep apnea during REM sleep and signs of atherosclerotic disease in the form of carotid intima thickness in a community-based sample of men and women and possible sex differences in this association. The association between sleep apnea during REM sleep and intima thickness was analysed cross-sectionally in women from the community-based "Sleep and Health in Women" (SHE) study (n = 253) and age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched men from the "Men in Uppsala; a Study of sleep, Apnea and Cardiometabolic Health" (MUSTACHE) study (n = 338).

Parental Prepuberty Overweight and Offspring Lung Function.

In a recent study we found that fathers' but not mothers' onset of overweight in puberty was associated with asthma in adult offspring. The potential impact on offspring's adult lung function, a key marker of general and respiratory health, has not been studied. We investigated the potential causal effects of parents' overweight on adult offspring's lung function within the paternal and maternal lines.

Excision and suture in the midline versus Karydakis flap surgery for pilonidal sinus: randomized clinical trial.

Background: There are several surgical options for the management of pilonidal disease, including midline and off midline closure, but prospective studies are rare. The study hypothesis was that Karydakis flap surgery would result in shorter wound healing and fewer recurrences than excision of pilonidal sinus and suture in the midline.

Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in two hospitals in Sweden between 2006 and 2015 to compare excision and suture in the midline with Karydakis flap surgery.

The risk of respiratory tract infections and antibiotic use in a general population and among people with asthma.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate occupational, environmental, early life and other risk factors associated with respiratory infections and antibiotics use in a general population and among asthmatic individuals.

Method: This study included 15 842 participants of the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) study aged 25-54 years from five Nordic countries, who answered a questionnaire covering respiratory outcomes, exposures, demographic characteristics and numbers of infections and courses of antibiotics in the last 12 months. Multiple logistic regression with and without adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, body mass index and centre were used to study the risk of infection and antibiotics in relation to asthma, and also the association between infection and antibiotics and occupations.

Lifelong exposure to residential greenspace and the premenstrual syndrome: A population-based study of Northern European women.

Background: The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) causes clinically relevant psychological and physical symptoms in up to 20% of women of reproductive age. To date, no studies have investigated the relationship between PMS and residential surrounding greenspace, although a green living environment has been reported to have beneficial associations with overall and reproductive health.

Objective: To investigate whether lifelong exposure to residential surrounding greenspace is associated with PMS and whether such an association is mediated by BMI, air pollution or physical activity.