Topical use of Rectogesic® and Emla® to improve cutaneous blood perfusion following thermal injury. A comparative experimental study.

Early post-burn ischemic necrosis of the skin is of particular interest in modern burn research. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that blood perfusion could be improved by the topical application of vasoactive substances. A sample of 55 wistar rats was used to investigate the effect of 0,4% nitroglycerin ointment (Rectogesic(®)) comparatively to no application and placebo.

Expression pattern of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in pituitary adenomas.

Several studies have demonstrated the role of Wnt and Notch signaling in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas, but data are scarce regarding the role of Hedgehog signaling. In this study we investigated the differential expression of gene targets of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from adult patients who underwent transphenoidal resection and normal human pituitary tissues that were obtained from autopsies were used.

Imaging Findings of an Epidermoid Cyst Undergoing Malignant Transformation.

Malignant transformation of epidermoid cyst into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman presenting with dizziness and cerebellar ataxia. MR scan revealed a mass in the left cerebropontine angle compressing the brainstem and the cerebellum, with two main components, a cystic and a solid one.

Effects of local application of simvastatin on bone regeneration in femoral bone defects in rabbit.

Simvastatin (SIM), which is widely used in hyperlipidemia treatment, has also attracted attention due to its anabolic effects on bones. This study is designed to investigate the effectiveness of 2 mg SIM combined with 3 different carriers as delivery systems. Bone defects were surgically created in the femoral bones of 14 New Zealand white rabbits.

Rupatadine effectively prevents the histamine-induced up regulation of histamine H1R and bradykinin B2R receptor gene expression in the rat paw.

Background: Activation of histamine H1 receptor (H1R) is a well-known hallmark of allergic and inflammatory pathology. Both types of bradykinin receptors (B1R and B2R) are also known to contribute significantly to the latter and some sort of functional interaction between them and H1R has been alluded to in the past. Here we use an experimental model of rat paw oedema formation to examine the effect of exogenously added histamine on the gene expression of H1R and bradykinin receptors B1R and B2R, alone or in combination to rupatadine, a second generation antihistamine agent.

Manifestations of pilocytic astrocytoma: a pictorial review.

Background: Pilocytic astrocytoma can be challenging to diagnose.

Methods: Its clinical presentations can differ, directly related to its size and location, and are relatively unreliable. Similarly, imaging findings also vary with the location of the pilocytic astrocytoma.

In situ mantle cell lymphoma in the nasopharynx.

Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell neoplasm with an aggressive clinical course. Recently, an indolent type of MCL has been described under the term in situ MCL.

Methods And Results: We report a case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with nasal obstruction.

DARPP32, STAT5 and STAT3 mRNA expression ratios in glioblastomas are associated with patient outcome.

Based on recent developments in glioblastoma subtyping, we examined DARPP32 (PPP1R1B), a neuronal marker against STAT5 and STAT3 that are pro-oncogenic in glioblastoma. mRNA ratios of DARPP32, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B were assessed in routinely diagnosed gliomas s including a series of glioblastomas from patients (n = 67) treated with chemoradiotherapy (temozolomide), out of which 88 % had sequencing validated IDH-negative disease. DARPP32/STAT1 (p = 0.

Somatostatin receptor expression in non-medullary thyroid carcinomas.

Objective: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is dependent upon binding of radiolabelled peptides to their respective receptor expressing cells. The main objective of this study was to characterize the expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes in non-medullary thyroid cancers in order to be able to recommend the use of PRRT as a treatment option in patients with progressive local or metastatic disease.

Design: We constructed tissue microarrays from paraffin blocks prepared from 47 cases of non-medullary thyroid carcinomas and related normal thyroid tissue.

The effectiveness of intralesional injection of platelet-rich plasma in accelerating the healing of chronic ulcers: an experimental and clinical study.

The purpose of this prospective experimental and clinical study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the intralesional injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), in the management of non-healing chronic wounds. Skin defects were created in the ears of 20 white New Zealand rabbits. In the study group, autologous PRP was injected intralesionally.

The effects of chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure on the rabbit diaphragm.

Background: Diaphragmatic muscular remodeling is caused by various conditions and was mainly studied in pulmonary pathologies and chronic alterations of intra-thoracic pressure. We investigate the effect of the chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on the diaphragm by morphological and biochemical analysis.

Methods: Thirty rabbits were divided into control and study groups.

Primary prostatic lymphoma with components of both diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and MALT lymphoma.

Although lymphomas involving the prostate gland are rare, they should always be considered in the differential diagnosis. We report a case of primary prostatic NHL in a 70-year-old man presented with hematuria and urinary obstructive symptoms. Routine laboratory tests were within normal limits and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 0,01 ng/ml.

Synchronous Presence of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Marginal Zone (MALT-Type) B-Cell Lymphoma in the Pharynx.

Synchronous malignancy of squamous cell carcinoma and malignant lymphoma in the head and neck region is extremely rare. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a nonlymphomatous, squamous cell carcinoma that occurs in the nasopharyngeal epithelium. Reported herein is a unique case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma occurring simultaneously with MALT-type lymphoma in an 83-year-old woman, who complained of deglutition dysfunction.

Variable behavior and complications of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplanted in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) offer significant practical advantages for potential clinical applications in multiple sclerosis (MS). Based on recent experimental data, a number of clinical trials have been designed for the intravenous (IV) and/or intrathecal (ITH) administration of BMSCs in MS patients. Delivery of BMSCs in the cerebrospinal fluid via intracerebroventricular (ICV) transplantation is a useful tool to identify mechanisms underlying the migration and function of these cells.

Effect of 5-day vitamin E supplementation on muscle injury after downhill running in rats.

Antioxidant supplementation has been suggested to prevent exercise-induced muscle injury, but the findings are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential protective role of vitamin E treatment against eccentric exercise-induced muscle injury by examining morphological and functional alterations in rat soleus muscle after downhill running as well as muscle injury markers in the blood. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to vitamin E-treated or placebo-treated groups studied at rest, immediately post-exercise or 48 h post-exercise (n = 10 per group).

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with fibrosarcomatous transformation of the head and neck.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare cutaneous neoplasm associated with a high cure rate. We present a case of aggressive DFSP with fibrosarcomatous areas in the head and neck. A 28-year-old Mediterranean female presented with a 45-day history of rapidly growing cutaneous lesion of the face.

Ursodeoxycholic acid promotes intestinal adaptation in a cat model of short bowel syndrome.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on the morphological and functional adaptive response of the jejunal remnant after massive intestinal resection in a cat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). UDCA was administered to animals at a daily oral dose of 15 mg/kg for 6 weeks following a 85% jejunoileal resection. Resection alone caused extensive hyperplasia of jejunal mucosa, as evidenced by a significant increase in the weight of jejunal mucosa per unit length as well as by significant increases in DNA and protein concentration but no change in the protein/DNA ratio.

Diaphragmatic adaptation following intra-abdominal weight changing.

Background: The diaphragm, the major respiratory muscle, contains three types of muscular fibers in dynamic balance between them. The fiber ratios vary in time in function of conditions, such as aging, hypoproteinemia, exercise, and chronic respiratory load. The diaphragmatic adaptation following abdominal conditions remains an unexplored field.

The effect of subconjunctival ranibizumab on primary pterygium: a pilot study.

Purpose: A prospective interventional pilot study was performed to estimate the effect of ranibizumab injection on the clinical and histological picture of primary pterygium.

Methods: Five patients with primary pterygia received a single subconjunctival injection of ranibizumab (0.3 mg), whereas 5 nontreated pterygia served as controls.

The effect of chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure on rectus abdominis muscle histology an experimental study on rabbits.

Background: The aim of this study was to specify the histologic response of the rectus abdominis muscle of the rabbit, to the chronically increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups. In all groups, a rubber bag was implanted into the peritoneal cavity.

Effect of ramipril alone compared to ramipril with eplerenone on diabetic nephropathy in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

Background/aims: We studied the effect of the combined treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ramipril) and eplerenone compared with ramipril alone in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: nondiabetic controls, streptozocin-treated diabetic rats (50 mg/kg), diabetic rats receiving ramipril (1 mg/kg) and diabetic rats treated with the combination of ramipril (1 mg/kg) and eplerenone (100 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Our model produced early-stage diabetic nephropathy.

EGFR expression and activation are common in HER2 positive and triple-negative breast tumours.

EGFR has been associated with unfavourable prognosis in patients with triple-negative breast carcinomas, although little is known about EGFR activation in these tumours. In a series of breast carcinomas (archived formalin fixed tumours, n=100), we investigated EGFR phosphorylation status at Tyr992 (pEGFR-Y992) and Tyr1068 (pEGFR-Y1068) by immunohistochemistry, along with EGFR protein expression (extracellular domain), gene amplification status (fluorescent in situ hybridization) and conventional clinicopathologic parameters. EGFR protein was present in 21.

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma of the cervical spinal cord in a child with rapid progression into glioblastoma: case report and literature review.

Introduction: Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a recently described glial tumor with similarities to pilocytic astrocytomas, yet with distinct histopathological characteristics and a more aggressive behavior. It occurs predominantly in the hypothalamic/chiasmatic region. Only four patients with spinal cord PMA have been reported in the pediatric population.

Clinicopathological correlations in a series of adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Possible correlations among clinical data, serum aminotransferase levels and histological features were assessed in a series of 37 adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), consisting of nine patients with fatty liver (FL) and 28 with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In each liver biopsy, the NAFLD activity score (NAS) and the stage of fibrosis were determined. Additionally, the number of Kupffer cell aggregates (microgranulomas) per centimeter of biopsy length (MG/cm ratio) was assessed on immunohistochemical stains for CD68 antigen.