Stratifying vascular disease patients into homogeneous subgroups using machine learning and FLAIR MRI biomarkers.

This study proposes a framework to stratify vascular disease patients based on brain health and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk using regional FLAIR biomarkers. Intensity and texture biomarkers were extracted from FLAIR volumes of 379 atherosclerosis patients. K-Means clustering identified five homogeneous subgroups.

Developmental Curves of the Paediatric Brain Using FLAIR MRI Texture Biomarkers.

Analysis of FLAIR MRI sequences is gaining momentum in brain maturation studies, and this study aimed to establish normative developmental curves for FLAIR texture biomarkers in the paediatric brain. A retrospective, single-centre dataset of 465/512 healthy paediatric FLAIR volumes was used, with one pathological volume for proof-of-concept. Participants were included if the MRI was unremarkable as determined by a neuroradiologist.

Synthesis of diffusion-weighted MRI scalar maps from FLAIR volumes using generative adversarial networks.

Introduction: Acquisition and pre-processing pipelines for diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) volumes are resource- and time-consuming. Generating synthetic DWI scalar maps from commonly acquired brain MRI sequences such as fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) could be useful for supplementing datasets. In this work we design and compare GAN-based image translation models for generating DWI scalar maps from FLAIR MRI for the first time.

Alzheimer's and vascular disease classification using regional texture biomarkers in FLAIR MRI.

Interactions between subcortical vascular disease and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) are unclear, and clinical overlap between the diseases makes diagnosis challenging. Existing studies have shown regional microstructural changes specific to each disease, and that textures in fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI images may characterize abnormalities in tissue microstructure. This work aims to investigate regional FLAIR biomarkers that can differentiate dementia cohorts with and without subcortical vascular disease.

Delusional Severity Is Associated with Abnormal Texture in FLAIR MRI.

Background: This study examines the relationship between delusional severity in cognitively impaired adults with automatically computed volume and texture biomarkers from the Normal Appearing Brain Matter (NABM) in FLAIR MRI. Methods: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 24) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD, n = 18) with delusions of varying severities based on Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q) (1—mild, 2—moderate, 3—severe) from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were analyzed for this task. The NABM region, which is gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) combined, was automatically segmented in FLAIR MRI volumes with intensity standardization and thresholding.