Plasmodium falciparum-Induced Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in a Pregnant Patient with Sickle Cell Disease.

BACKGROUND Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hereditary condition characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia and painful vaso-occlusive episodes. Homozygous sickle cell patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from malaria. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) secondary to, or in the setting of, malarial infection is rare.

Granzyme K CD8 T cells form a core population in inflamed human tissue.

T cell-derived pro-inflammatory cytokines are a major driver of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis. Although these cytokines have traditionally been attributed to CD4 T cells, we have found that CD8 T cells are notably abundant in synovium and make more interferon (IFN)-γ and nearly as much tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as their CD4 T cell counterparts. Furthermore, using unbiased high-dimensional single-cell RNA-seq and flow cytometric data, we found that the vast majority of synovial tissue and synovial fluid CD8 T cells belong to an effector CD8 T cell population characterized by high expression of granzyme K (GzmK) and low expression of granzyme B (GzmB) and perforin.

Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with single antibody-positive anti-phospholipid syndrome.

Background: The role of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) among patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) remains unclear. Warfarin has been shown to be superior to DOACs among high-risk APLS patients (particularly those with triple-positive APLS). However, it remains unknown whether DOACs may be appropriate for lower-risk patients such as those with single-positive APLS.

Clip ligation of contralateral P1 aneurysm: extending the working depth of microsurgery along the skull base.

Clip ligation of posterior circulation aneurysms can be challenging because of limited operative working space and angles. Certain proximal posterior cerebral (P1) aneurysms are especially challenging because of their locations within the lateral anterior interpeduncular fossa. We present a 52-year-old woman who had previously undergone coil embolization of a ruptured right-sided posterior communicating artery aneurysm.