Publications by authors named "Karine Duval"

Physiologically, the aorta is less stiff than peripheral conductive arteries, creating an arterial stiffness gradient, protecting microcirculation from high pulsatile pressure. However, the pharmacological manipulation of arterial stiffness gradient has not been thoroughly investigated. We hypothesized that acute administration of nitroglycerin (NTG) may alter the arterial stiffness gradient through a more significant effect on the regional stiffness of medium-sized muscular arteries, as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV).

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Background: Obesity in infertile women increases the costs of fertility treatments, reduces their effectiveness and increases significantly the risks of many complications of pregnancy and for the newborn. Studies suggest that even a modest loss of 5-10 % of body weight can restore ovulation. However, there are gaps in knowledge regarding the benefits and cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle modification program targeting obese infertile women and integrated into the fertility clinics.

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We examined the variations in eating behavior, appetite ratings, satiety efficiency, energy expenditure, anthropometric and metabolic profile markers prior to, during as well as 1 and 4 months after Ramadan in normal-weight and obese men. Anthropometric, energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry and accelerometry), metabolic (fasting blood sample), appetite (visual analogue scales), and eating behavior (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire) measurements were performed in 10 normal-weight (age: 25.2 ± 4.

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Prepregnancy overweight or obesity and excessive gestational weight gain have been associated with increased risk of maternal and neonatal complications. Moreover, offspring from obese women are more likely to develop obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases in their lifetime. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications associated with obesity and appears to have a direct impact on the future metabolic health of the child.

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Reduced flexibility over the neuromotor control of paretic leg muscles may impact the extent to which individuals post-stroke modulate their muscle activity patterns to walk along curved paths. The purpose of this study was to compare lower-limb movements and neuromuscular strategies in the paretic leg of individuals with stroke with age-matched controls during curved walking. Participants walked at their preferred walking velocity along four different paths of increasing curvature, while lower-limb kinematics and muscle activity were recorded.

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The purpose of this study was first to investigate whether foot pronation (measured as calcaneal eversion) induced an anterior tilt of the pelvis and increased the degree of lumbar lordosis. Second the study investigated whether foot supination (measured as calcaneal inversion) induced a posterior pelvic tilt and a decreased lumbar lordosis. Participants placed their feet in 18 different foot positions while standing on a rigid platform.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of pre-university adiposity and physical fitness on changes of body weight and adiposity during the freshmen year. Twenty-nine freshmen (sixteen females and thirteen males) completed the study. Body weight and composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), waist circumference (WC), energy intake (7 d food diary) and activity-related energy expenditure (accelerometry) were measured in September, December and at the end of March.

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Background: It has been shown that eating frequency (EF) is related to body composition in women, but the results are inconclusive. These inconsistent findings could be due to the influence of additional factors such as physical activity.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relation between EF and body composition in premenopausal women and to explore the effect of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and physical fitness on that association.

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The purpose of this randomized control trial was to verify the effectiveness of a brief group intervention that combines stress management psycho-education and physical activity (ie, independent variable) intervention in reducing fatigue and improving energy level, quality of life (mental and physical), fitness (VO 2submax), and emotional distress (ie, dependent variables) in breast cancer survivors. This study applied Lazarus and Folkman stress-coping theoretical framework, as well as Salmon's unifying theory of physical activity. Eighty-seven French-speaking women who had completed their treatments for nonmetastatic breast cancer at a university hospital in Quebec City, Canada, were randomly assigned to either the group intervention (experimental) or the usual-care (control) condition.

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Background: The Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review (CAMPHOR) is the first disease-specific instrument for assessing patient-reported symptoms, functioning and quality of life (QoL) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Objectives: To create and validate French-Canadian (FC) and English-Canadian (EC) language versions of the CAMPHOR.

Methods: A translation panel (for the FC version) and lay panels (for both versions) were convened to adapt the questionnaires (dual-panel methodology).

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Background: In order to evaluate the impact of severe obesity and its treatment on quality of life (QoL), it would be important to first identify the areas of QoL most likely to be affected by the disease.

Methods: We first constructed a list of 187 items potentially related to QoL of patients with morbid obesity. From this list, consecutive candidates for bariatric surgery were asked to identify what they felt were the most significant items and to grade their importance.

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