Reasons for conversions in thoracoscopic repairs of neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernias: a systematic review.

Purpose: This systematic review focused on reasons for conversions in neonates undergoing thoracoscopic congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) repair.

Methods: Systematic search of Medline/Pubmed and Embase was performed for English, Spanish and Portuguese reports, according to PRISMA guidelines.

Results: Of the 153 articles identified (2003-2023), 28 met the inclusion criteria and offered 698 neonates for analysis.

Focus of Pediatric Surgical Reports During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Narrative Review.

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted surgical activity at health-care facilities and led to significant changes in the characteristics of publications in medical journals. This is a narrative review that outlines the focus of pediatric surgical reports during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Publications on pediatric surgery during the pandemic were carefully reviewed, and data emerging from reports on COVID-19 were selected to address: (1) the impact of COVID-19 on pediatric surgical procedures; (2) children undergoing surgical intervention; and (3) expansion of telemedicine.

Honeymoon Period in Newborn Rats With CDH Is Associated With Changes in the VEGF Signaling Pathway.

Patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have a short postnatal period of ventilatory stability called the honeymoon period, after which changes in pulmonary vascular reactivity result in pulmonary hypertension. However, the mechanisms involved are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate mechanical ventilation's effect in the honeymoon period on VEGF, VEGFR-1/2 and eNOS expression on experimental CDH in rats.

State of the art in translating experimental myelomeningocele research to the bedside.

Myelomeningocele (MMC), the commonest type of spina bifida (SB), occurs due to abnormal development of the neural tube and manifest as failure of the complete fusion of posterior arches of the spinal column, leading to dysplastic growth of the spinal cord and meninges. It is associated with several degrees of motor and sensory deficits below the level of the lesion, as well as skeletal deformities, bladder and bowel incontinence, and sexual dysfunction. These children might develop varying degrees of neuropsychomotor delay, partly due to the severity of the injuries that affect the nervous system before birth, partly due to the related cerebral malformations (notably hydrocephalus-which may also lead to an increase in intracranial pressure-and Chiari II deformity).

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair analysis in relation to postoperative abdominal compartment syndrome and delayed abdominal closure.

Aim: Limited abdominal space in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) might result in abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and require delayed abdominal closure (DAC). This study reviewed outcomes in pediatric ACS/DAC after CDH repair.

Methods: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid and Lilacs databases were reviewed.

Complications in pediatric laparoscopic cholecystectomy: systematic review.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard for surgical management in symptomatic children, but it is not without complications, bile duct injury being among the most feared. This study reviewed the complications of LC in children. MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL and Lilacs were reviewed for LC.

Gastroschisis: State of the Art in Translating Experimental Research to the Bedside.

The survival rate of newborns with gastroschisis (GS) has been increasing in the past decades; however, the morbidity continues to be high, mainly related to the length of hospitalization due to disturbances of motility, absorption, and risk of intestinal infections. The development of basic research with the creation of experimental models has provided enormous advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. These models allowed the study of the target genes involved in the embryology of the defect, the influence of the amniotic fluid, and the use of drugs and fetal therapies in an attempt to reduce the intestinal damage and to provide a rapid return of intestinal motility.

Does Biliodigestive Anastomosis Have Any Effect on the Reversal of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in a Biliary Cirrhosis Experimental Model?

Background: Biliary cirrhosis is associated with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), which is related to increased posttransplant morbidity and mortality.

Aims: This study aims to analyze the pathophysiology of biliary cirrhosis and the onset of HPS.

Methods: Twenty-one-day-old Wistar rats were subjected to common bile duct ligation and were allocated to two groups: group A (killed 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 weeks after biliary obstruction) and group B (subjected to biliodigestive anastomosis 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 weeks after the first procedure and killed 3 weeks later).

Management and outcomes of gastric volvulus in children: a systematic review.

Background: Gastric volvulus (GV) in children is a rare condition. This study reviewed management and outcomes of GV in the pediatric population.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies in English regarding GV in patients < 18 years old between 2008 and 2017, selected by two reviewers.

Vascular and ventilatory mechanical responses in three different stages of pulmonary development in the rabbit model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia 1.

Purpose: To evaluate the vascular ventilatory response in different stages of lung development and to compare them to the neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in a rabbit model.

Methods: New Zealand rabbits were divided into 8 groups (n=5): E25, E27, E30, and CDH. All groups were ventilated on a FlexiVent (Scireq, Montreal, QC, Canada), compounding the other 4 groups.

A systematic review of the management and outcomes of cecal and appendiceal volvulus in children.

Aim: Appendiceal volvulus (AV) and cecal volvulus (CV) are rare conditions and there is no consensus regarding the best surgical approach. This study reviewed CV and AV management and outcomes in children.

Methods: PubMed was reviewed from 1990 to 2018 for AV and CV in children and studies published in English were selected by two independent reviewers.

Thoracoscopic Management of Blebs: Resection With/Out Primary Pleurodesis.

Objectives: To review the literature for justification of thoracoscopic management of blebs in children.

Methods: PubMed database was reviewed for articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish using the key words "thoracoscopy", "bleb" and "child". Data was collected for age, gender, type of surgery performed, operating time, conversions, complications, recurrences, follow-up and mortality.