Origin and insertion of the nerves constituting the braquial plexus of the roadside hawk.

The roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris) is a free-living bird that commonly has wing injuries caused by man-made obstacles when flying. Studies that describe the topographic anatomy of the wings of this species are necessary to assist in the treatment of possible wing lesions. For this reason, the present work aimed to describe the origin and insertion of the nerves that constitute the brachial plexus in roadside hawks.

Supplementation action with ascorbic acid in the morphology of the muscular layer and reactive acetylcholinesterase neurons of ileum of mdx mice.

The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the absence of dystrophin protein, causing severe myopathy from increases of oxidative stress. Injuries of intestinal muscle can compromise the myenteric plexus. This study aimed to evaluate the disorders occurred in the muscular layer and in the acetylcholinesterase myenteric neurons (ACHE-r) of ileum of mdx mice, and the effects of supplementation with ascorbic acid (AA) in both components.

Morphological effects of autoclaved diet on the myenteric neurons of rats.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of autoclaved diet on the jejunum neurons of the myenteric plexus of rats during their growth.

Methods: The experimental groups were made up of rats going through weaning whose mothers received either an autoclaved or a non-autoclaved diet during gestation and lactation, and rats that were fed the same diet as their mothers during the post-weaning period. In order to measure the neurons' body profile and to quantify the number of neurons per area, preparations were stained by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-diaphorase method.

Postnatal-related changes in the size and total number of neurons in the caudal mesenteric ganglion of dogs: total number of neurons can be predicted from body weight and ganglion volume.

Aging is mostly characterized by a progressive decline of neuronal function that involves both the central and the peripheral nervous system. The aging process is accompanied by changes in either the number or the size of neurons. However, these data are controversial and not very well known in the sympathetic ganglia of large mammals.

Endothelin-1 and endothelin receptors in the basilar artery of the capybara.

Little is known about cerebral vasculature of capybara, which seems may serve as a natural model of studying changes in cerebral circulation due to internal carotid artery atrophy at animal sexual maturation. This is the first study of the light- and electron-immunocytochemical localisation of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and ETA and ETB endothelin receptors in the basilar artery of capybaras (6 to 12-month-old females and males) using an ExtrAvidin detection method. All animals examined showed similar patterns of immunoreactivity.