Comparative sperm morphology of Proceratophrys and Odontophrynus (Anura, Odontophrynidae).

The ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of seven species of Proceratophrys and one of Odontophrynus was analyzed in the present study. The sperm of Odontophrynus juquinha is similar to that of Odontophrynus cultripes, previously described, and to those of Proceratophrys branti, Proceratophrys bigibbosa, Proceratophrys affinis concavitympanum, Proceratophrys huntingtoni, Proceratophrys conformis moratoi, P. moratoi, and Proceratophrys palustris, in relation to the acrosomal vesicle and the subacrosomal cone that covers the anterior region of the nucleus in the sperm head.

Satellite DNA Mapping in (Hylidae, Pseudinae) Provides New Insights into Sex Chromosome Evolution in Paradoxical Frogs.

In the frog genus , previous works found a sex-linked heteromorphism of the PcP190 satellite DNA in the nucleolus organizer region (NOR)-bearing chromosome pairs of and , which possess a ZZ/ZW sex determination system. A pericentromeric inversion was inferred to have occurred during W chromosome evolution, moving a chromosomal cluster enriched by the PcP190 from the short arm (as observed in ) to the NOR-bearing long arm (as observed in ). However, whether such an inversion happened in or in the common ancestor of and remained unclear.

Atlantic West Ophiothrix spp. in the scope of integrative taxonomy: Confirming the existence of Ophiothrix trindadensis Tommasi, 1970.

We re-describe and confirm the validity of Ophiothrix trindadensis Tommasi, 1970 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). This is a native species from Brazil, however it lacked a type series deposited in scientific collections. The recognition of O.

Sex Chromosome Differentiation in the Frog Genus Involves Satellite DNA and Chromosome Rearrangements.

The genus comprises six frogs of the family Hylidae and only had heteromorphic sex chromosomes detected by classical cytogenetics. In this species, the W chromosome is larger than the Z chromosome and has a large heterochromatic block located between the centromere and the nucleolus organizer region (NOR) in the long arm. This large heterochromatic band is enriched for the PcP190 satellite DNA (satDNA), whereas the Z chromosome bears a smaller C-band adjacent to the centromere in the long arm that is not detected by PcP190 probes.

Comparative cytogenetics of tree frogs of the (Laurenti, 1768) group: conserved karyotypes and interstitial telomeric sequences.

The diploid number 2n = 30 is a presumed synapomorphy of Fitzinger, 1843, although a noticeable variation in the number of biarmed/telocentric chromosomes is observed in this genus. Such a variation suggests that several chromosomal rearrangements took place after the evolutionary origin of the hypothetical ancestral 30-chromosome karyotype; however, the inferred rearrangements remain unknown. Distinct numbers of telocentric chromosomes are found in the two most cytogenetically studied species groups of .