Five-year trends in antiretroviral usage and drug costs in HIV-infected children in Thailand.

Background: As antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs mature, data on drug utilization and costs are needed to assess durability of treatments and inform program planning.

Methods: Children initiating ART were followed up in an observational cohort in Thailand. Treatment histories from 1999 to 2009 were reviewed.

The interrelated transmission of HIV-1 and cytomegalovirus during gestation and delivery in the offspring of HIV-infected mothers.

Our objective was to analyze, in formula-fed infants, correlates of HIV mother-to-child transmission, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. HIV-infected infants were matched with HIV uninfected by maternal HIV RNA in a case-control design. Infant CMV infection was determined by CMV IgG at 18 months and timed by earlier CMV IgM or CMV DNA.

Human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus co-infection in pregnant women and perinatal transmission to infants in Thailand.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and -uninfected Thai pregnant women and the rate of HCV transmission to their infants.

Patients And Methods: Study subjects included 1435 HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants, enrolled in a perinatal HIV prevention trial, and a control group of 448 HIV-uninfected pregnant women. Women were screened for HCV antibodies with an enzyme immunoassay.

Maternal neutralizing antibodies against a CRF01_AE primary isolate are associated with a low rate of intrapartum HIV-1 transmission.

Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 provides a model for studying the role of passively acquired antibodies in preventing HIV infection. We determined the titers of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against six primary isolates of clades B and CRF01_AE in sera from 45 transmitting and 45 nontransmitting mothers matched for the main independent factors associated with MTCT in Thailand. A lower risk of MTCT, particularly for intrapartum transmission, was associated only with higher NAb titers against the CRF01_AE strain, MBA.