Severe primary pulmonary lymphangiectasis in a premature infant: management and follow up to early childhood.

Primary pulmonary lymphangiectasis (PPL) is a rare congenital developmental abnormality of the lung with a generally poor prognosis. Only a limited number of patients with neonatal-onset PPL have been reported to survive. We present the case of a male preterm infant (gestational age 34 weeks 6 days) with histologically confirmed PPL, complicated by hydrops fetalis, bilateral hydrothorax (treated in utero with pleuro-amniotic shunts), and immediate respiratory distress at birth.

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis.

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis (CPL) is a rare vascular malformation causing dilated lymph vessels and disturbed drainage of lymph fluid. Based on the pathogenesis and clinical phenotype it can be classified as primary or secondary CPL. Associated genetic syndromes with or without lymphedema, familial occurrence and gene mutations have been described.

Tilting the head changes cerebral haemodynamics in neonates.

Background: Tilting only the head influences cerebral haemodynamics in term and preterm neonates.

Objective: To evaluate near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a method to detect changes of cerebral oxygenated (HbO(2)) and deoxygenated haemoglobin (Hb) and 'cerebral tissue-oxygenation-index' (cTOI) while tilting. Furthermore to investigate whether the comparison of cTOI and 'cerebral mixed venous oxygen saturation' (tiltSvO(2)), calculated out of the increase of HbO(2) and Hb, improves reproducibility.

Regional oxygen saturation of the brain and peripheral tissue during birth transition of term infants.

Objective: To evaluate regional tissue oxygenation of the brain and preductal and postductal peripheral (muscle) tissue during immediate transition after birth, and to correlate with peripheral preductal and postductal arterial oxygen saturation.

Study Design: We conducted a prospective observational study. With near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), changes in regional oxygen saturation of the brain (rSO2brain), peripheral preductal tissue (rSO2pre), and peripheral postductal tissue (rSO2post) were measured during the first 10 minutes of life in 59 healthy term infants after elective caesarean delivery.

Combination of different noninvasive measuring techniques: a new approach to increase accuracy of peripheral near infrared spectroscopy.

One of the problems of near-infrared-spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements is low reproducibility. The aim of the present study was to introduce quality criteria to increase reproducibility of peripheral NIRS measurements. In a prospective cohort study in 40 neonates, repeated NIRS measurements were performed on the calf.

Is bladder voiding in sleeping preterm infants accompanied by arousals?

Background: As it has been reported that bladder voiding in sleeping full-term infants is consistently accompanied by a cortical arousal, it was the aim of the present study to find out whether this could also hold true for preterm infants.

Methods: Polygraphic recordings were performed in 21 healthy preterm infants (10 female). The infants' gestational age at birth was 31+/-2.