HPV vaccination in Latin America: Coverage status, implementation challenges and strategies to overcome it.

Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality amongst females in Latin America (LATAM). Cervical cancer is a preventable disease and HPV vaccination is a main key strategy towards its elimination. This study analyzes HPV vaccine implementation current status and the main barriers to achieve adequate coverage in the region.

Vulvar Paget disease secondary to high-grade urothelial carcinoma with underlying massive vascular embolization and cervical involvement: case report of unusual presentation.

Background: Vulvar extramammary Paget disease is a rare chronic condition, that presents with non-specific symptoms such as pruritus and eczematous lesions. Because most of these lesions are noninvasive, the distinction between primary and secondary Paget disease is crucial to management.

Case Presentation: We report an unusual case of vulvar Paget disease associated with massive dermal vascular embolization, cervicovaginal involvement and metastasis to inguinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With Cisplatin and Gemcitabine Followed by Chemoradiation Versus Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Randomized Phase II Trial.

Purpose: Although chemoradiation therapy (CRT) with cisplatin remains the standard treatment of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), 40% of patients present with disease recurrence. Additional treatment strategies are required to improve outcomes. We conducted a trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with cisplatin and gemcitabine followed by CRT.

Narcotics reduction, quality and safety in gynecologic oncology surgery in the first year of enhanced recovery after surgery protocol implementation.

Objectives: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs are mechanisms for achieving value-based improvements in surgery. This report provides a detailed analysis of the impact of an ERAS program on patient outcomes as well as quality and safety measures during implementation on a gynecologic oncology service at a major academic medical center.

Methods: A retrospective review of gynecologic oncology patients undergoing elective laparotomy during the implementation phase of an ERAS program (January 2016 through December 2016) was performed.

The Addition of Bevacizumab to Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy: Impact Upon Hepatic Sinusoidal Injury and Thrombocytopenia.

Background: Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy can cause hepatic sinusoidal injury (HSI), portal hypertension, and splenic sequestration of platelets. Evidence suggests that bevacizumab may protect against HSI.

Methods: Two cohorts of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) were analyzed: a nonrandomized exploratory cohort of 184 patients treated at a single institution from 2003 to 2010 and a confirmatory cohort of 200 patients from a multi-institutional randomized trial (NO16966).

Minimally invasive hysterectomy surgery rates for endometrial cancer performed at National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Centers.

Objectives: Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a quality measure for endometrial cancer (EC) established by the Society of Gynecologic Oncology and the American College of Surgeons. Our study objective was to assess the proportion of EC cases performed by MIS at National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) centers and evaluate perioperative outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of women who underwent surgical treatment for EC from 2013 to 2014 was conducted at four NCCN centers.

Rivaroxaban: An Affordable and Effective Alternative in Cancer-Related Thrombosis?

Background: Venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) are common and potentially fatal complications in cancer patients, and they are responsible for the second most common cause of death. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the gold-standard treatment, but the costs involved limit its use, especially in developing countries. Recently, the oral anticoagulant rivaroxaban, which directly inhibits factor Xa, was approved for VTE treatment.

Role of angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of cancer.

It has been recognized for decades that angiogenesis is an important event in tumor growth and metastasis; the concept of the "angiogenic switch," whereby tumors acquire the ability to grow exponentially and disseminate beyond their primary site, is one of the central components in our understanding of cancer. A vast network of signaling molecules and receptors that are involved in the regulation of angiogenesis have been identified and characterized; most notably, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Indeed, the VEGF family of growth factors and receptors has become a prototype for our understanding of angiogenesis during early development and in pathological conditions such as cancer.

Integration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies with cytotoxic chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise. The treatment for advanced colorectal cancer has significantly evolved in the last decade, with the addition of a number of new therapeutic agents; however, 5-fluorouracil remains at the core of most therapeutic approaches for this disease. Novel therapies targeting specific pathways have been developed for this disease, and the vascular endothelial growth factor ligand and receptor have been of particular interest.