Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion subsidence: computed tomography analysis of incidence, associated risk factors, and impact on outcomes.

Objective: The aims of this study were to 1) define the incidence of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) interbody subsidence; 2) determine the relative importance of preoperative and intraoperative patient- and instrumentation-specific risk factors predictive of postoperative subsidence using CT-based assessment; and 3) determine the impact of TLIF subsidence on postoperative complications and fusion rates.

Methods: All adult patients who underwent one- or two-level TLIF for lumbar degenerative conditions at a multi-institutional academic center between 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively identified. Patients with traumatic injury, infection, malignancy, previous fusion at the index level, combined anterior-posterior procedures, surgery with greater than two TLIF levels, or incomplete follow-up were excluded.

Capillary Hemangioma of the Spinal Cord: Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature.

Background: Capillary hemangiomas are rare vascular lesions that rarely affect the central nervous system. When they present within the spinal canal, they are typically confined intradurally, with intramedullary extension rare. We present a rare case of spinal intramedullary capillary hemangioma, with a systematic review of the literature.

Transforming Outcomes of Spine Surgery-Exploring the Power of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of 15 198 Patients.

Background And Objectives: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols aim to optimize patient outcomes by reducing the surgical stress response, expediting recovery, and reducing care costs. We aimed to evaluate the impact of implementing ERAS protocols on the perioperative surgical outcomes and financial implications associated with spine surgeries.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed studies directly comparing outcome differences between spine surgeries performed with and without utilization of ERAS pathways was conducted along Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Does diabetes affect outcome or reoperation rate after lumbar decompression or arthrodesis? A matched analysis of the Quality Outcomes Database data set.

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for postsurgical and systemic complications after lumbar spinal surgery. Smaller studies have also demonstrated diminished improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs), with increased reoperation and readmission rates after lumbar surgery in patients with DM. The authors aimed to examine longer-term PROs in patients with DM undergoing lumbar decompression and/or arthrodesis for degenerative pathology.

Immunohistochemical markers predicting recurrence following resection and radiotherapy in chordoma patients: insights from a multicenter study [RETRACTED].

Objective: Chordomas are rare tumors that often recur regardless of surgery with negative margins and postoperative radiotherapy. The predictive accuracy of widely used immunohistochemical (IHC) markers in addressing the recurrence of skull base chordomas (SBCs) is yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate IHC markers in the prediction of recurrence after SBC resection with adjuvant radiation therapy.

Impact of preoperative spinal injections within 30 days of lumbar decompression on surgical outcomes: a matched institutional study.

Objective: The authors sought to determine how the temporal proximity of lumbar epidural spinal injection prior to surgery impacts clinical outcomes (e.g., 30-day readmission, postoperative complications, CSF leak) in patients undergoing lumbar decompression without fusion.

Immunohistochemical markers predicting long-term recurrence following clival and spinal chordoma resection: a multicenter study.

Objective: Chordomas are rare tumors from notochordal remnants and account for 1%-4% of all primary bone malignancies, often arising from the clivus and sacrum. Despite margin-negative resection and postoperative radiotherapy, chordomas often recur. Further, immunohistochemical (IHC) markers have not been assessed as predictive of chordoma recurrence.

Using machine learning to predict 30-day readmission and reoperation following resection of supratentorial high-grade gliomas: an ACS NSQIP study involving 9418 patients.

Objective: High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are among the rarest yet most aggressive tumor types in neurosurgical practice. In the current literature, few studies have assessed the drivers of early outcomes following resection of these tumors and investigated their association with quality of care. The authors aimed to identify the clinical predictors for 30-day readmission and reoperation following HGG surgery using the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database and sought to create web-based applications predicting each outcome.

Health behaviors and care seeking practices for childhood diarrhea and pneumonia in a rural district of Pakistan: A qualitative study.

Diarrhea and pneumonia are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five, and Pakistan is amongst the countries with the highest burden and low rates of related treatment coverage. We conducted a qualitative study as part of the formative phase to inform the design of the Community Mobilization and Community Incentivization (CoMIC) cluster randomized control trial (NCT03594279) in a rural district of Pakistan. We conducted in-dept interviews and focused group discussions with key stakeholders using a semi-structured study guide.

Bone morphogenetic proteins in spine surgery: a scientometric analysis to date.

Objective: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are part of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily and are involved in bone formation and repair. In spine surgery, recombinant human BMP (rhBMP) is used as an alternative to autografts for spinal fusions. This study aimed to evaluate bibliometric parameters and citations of the literature on BMPs to provide an overview of how the field has evolved.

Microfluidic 'brain-on chip' systems to supplement neurological practice: development, applications and considerations.

Among the greatest general challenges in bioengineering is to mimic human physiology. Advanced efforts in tissue engineering have led to sophisticated 'brain-on-chip' (BoC) microfluidic devices that can mimic structural and functional aspects of brain tissue. BoC may be used to understand the biochemical pathways of neurolgical pathologies and assess promising therapeutic agents for facilitating regenerative medicine.

Central neurocytomas: research trends, most cited papers, and scientometrics analysis to date.

Central neurocytoma is the most common primary intraventricular tumor in adults being classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a benign grade II tumor with a good prognosis. Given the recent advances with regard to this tumor, a bibliometric analysis was due to study the future direction of research for neurocytomas. A comprehensive Elsevier's Scopus database search was performed to capture all published and indexed studies to date relevant to neurocytoma.

Ependymoma: an epidemiological perspective from a low- and middle-income country.

Objective: To enumerate the burden of ependymoma in our region and identify the demographic, tumoural, surgical, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with ependymoma.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included patients admitted under neurosurgical service between January 1 and December 31, 2019. The inclusion criterion for the study was a histopathological diagnosis of the brain lesion.

Schwannoma: A surgical epidemiology.

Objective: To identify the surgical incidence and prevalence of schwannoma in our region and quantify the demographic, surgical, neoplastic, and outcome characteristics of the patients diagnosed with schwannoma..

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2019.

R2 advances in robotic-assisted spine surgery: comparative analysis of options, future directions, and bibliometric analysis of the literature.

Spine surgery has undergone rapid advancements over the past several decades with the emergence of robotic and minimally invasive surgery (MIS). While conventional MIS spine surgery has had relative success, its complication profile has warranted continued efforts to improve clinical outcomes. We discuss the functional, clinical, and financial aspects of four robotic options for spinal pathologies, namely ROSA, Mazor X, Da Vinci, and ExcelsiusGPS, and conduct a bibliometric analysis to better understand current trends and applications of these robots as the field of robotic spine surgery continues to grow.

A Comprehensive Overview of Pediatric Neoplasms at the Craniocervical Junction: Meningiomas, Schwannomas, and Chordomas.

Tumors of the craniocervical junction (CCJ) are complicated pathologies with high patient mortality or low quality of life. In the pediatric population, these tumors are less prevalent, with various symptomatic presentations that include motor and neurological manifestations. Three of the most common neoplasms at the CCJ in children are meningiomas, schwannomas, and chordomas.

Utilizing pre- and postoperative radiological parameters to predict surgical outcomes following untethering for tethered cord syndrome in a pediatric population.

Objective: Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) can lead to significant downstream neurological deficits including gait deterioration, incontinence, and often unexplained chronic low-back pain. Surgical intervention may relieve symptoms, but there are no defined radiological parameters associated with surgical outcomes and functional status. The authors aimed to define pre- and postoperative radiological parameters for assessing surgical outcomes in TCS.

Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma: Publication Trends, Scientometrics Analysis, and Critical Review.

Background: The literature on cerebellar liponeurocytoma (CL) has never been systematically assessed using bibliometric analytic methodologies. We quantitatively analyzed the major trends and scientific output regarding CL, highlighting potential avenues for research.

Methods: Elsevier's Scopus database was used to collect all published studies relevant to cerebellar liponeurocytoma from 1978 to 2021.

The Virtual Vision of Neurosurgery: How Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality are Transforming the Neurosurgical Operating Room.

Background: In this era of imagination and technological innovation, mixed reality systems such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are contributing to a wide array of neurosurgical care, from the betterment of surgical planning and surgical comfort to novel treatments and improved resident education. These systems can augment procedures that require high-level dexterity such as minimally invasive surgery and tumor excisions, as well as peripheral and neurovascular surgery. We define and compare the technological features, indications, and characterized outcomes of VR and AR systems in the context of neurosurgery through a review of the literature to date.

The Impact of Major Military War Campaigns on Neurosurgery: Informetric Data and Time-Trend Analysis.

Background: Given the neurotrauma that soldiers might face during wars, a byproduct of such devastating neurosurgical conditions can be novel data, which can act as a catalyst for potentially paradigm-shifting research. We aimed to identify the impact of major U.S.

Mapping the Landscape of Neurofibromatosis: A Bibliometric Evaluation Highlighting Our Current Understanding, Emerging Therapies, and Global Research Trends.

Background: The literature on neurofibromatosis (NF) has never been systematically assessed using bibliometric analytic methodologies. We quantitatively analyzed the major trends and scientific output regarding NF, highlighting potential avenues for research.

Methods: An Elsevier's Scopus database search was performed for all indexed studies related to NF from 1898 to 2021.

Dynamic Radiographs Are Unreliable to Assess Arthrodesis Following Cervical Fusion: A Modeled Radiostereometric Analysis of Cervical Motion.

Study Design: In vitro study.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to utilize an idealized cervical spine model to determine whether the parallax effect or changes in the position of the spine relative to the x-ray generator influence intervertebral motion parameters on dynamic cervical spine radiographs.

Summary Of Background Data: The utility of flexion-extension radiographs in clinical practice remains in question due to poor reliability of the parameters utilized to measure motion.