Hepatic Deletion of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein Impairs Hepatocarcinogenesis in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Mouse Model.

The transcription factor carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) has emerged as a crucial regulator of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. The increased ChREBP activity involves the pro-oncogenic PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that induces aberrant lipogenesis, thereby promoting hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). However, the molecular pathogenesis of ChREBP-related hepatocarcinogenesis remains unexplored in the high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse model.

Assessment of the prognostic performance of TIMI, PAMI, CADILLAC and GRACE scores for short-term major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing emergent percutaneous revascularisation: a prospective observational study.

Objectives: Accurately predicting short-term MACE (major adverse cardiac events) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a clinical challenge. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of four established risk scores in predicting short-term MACE after primary PCI.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Evidence and Gap Map of Whole-School Interventions Promoting Mental Health and Preventing Risk Behaviours in Adolescence: Programme Component Mapping Within the Health-Promoting Schools Framework: An evidence and gap map.

Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the onset of mental disorders and risk behaviours. Whole-school interventions hold vast potential in improving mental health and preventing risk behaviours in this developmentally-sensitive cohort. Modelled on the World Health Organisation's Health-Promoting Schools Framework, whole-school interventions aspire for change across eight domains: (i) school curriculum, (ii) school social-emotional environment, (iii) school physical environment, (iv) school governance and leadership, (v) school policies and resources, (vi) school and community partnerships, (vii) school health services and (viii) government policies and resources.

Evaluation of a nationwide whole-school approach to mental health and well-being in 40 149 Australian secondary school students: cluster quasi-experimental study.

Background: Adolescence is the peak life stage for the development of mental illness. Whole-school approaches to mental health and well-being, modelled on the World Health Organization's Health-Promoting Schools Framework, hold vast potential in this developmentally sensitive period. However, the evidence base for these interventions is inconclusive.

Molecular and Genomic Investigation Unveils Pseudomonas putida as an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Linked to Bovine Clinical Mastitis.

Pseudomonas putida is one of the emerging pathogens responsible causing mastitis in lactating animals. This study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), genetic diversity and virulence factor genes (VFGs) to highlight the pathogenic potentials of P. putida strains isolated from milk, feces and farm soil of bovine clinical mastitis (CM).

Leveraging AlphaFold models to predict androgenic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals through zebrafish androgen receptor analysis.

The androgen receptor (AR) activation by androgens is vital for tissue development, sexual differentiation, and reproductive attributes in zebrafish (). However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind their activation remains limited. In this study, we employed both (AlphaFold) and homology (SWISS-MODEL) structure models of zebrafish androgen receptor ligand-binding domain (zAR-LBD) to explore the binding specificity, binding affinity, and molecular interactions of endogenous hormones (testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT)) in a computational simulation.

A Comprehensive Dataset of Surface Water Quality Spanning 1940-2023 for Empirical and ML Adopted Research.

Assessment and monitoring of surface water quality are essential for food security, public health, and ecosystem protection. Although water quality monitoring is a known phenomenon, little effort has been made to offer a comprehensive and harmonized dataset for surface water at the global scale. This study presents a comprehensive surface water quality dataset that preserves spatio-temporal variability, integrity, consistency, and depth of the data to facilitate empirical and data-driven evaluation, prediction, and forecasting.

Comparative effectiveness of methadone take-home dose initiation in British Columbia, Canada: protocol for a population-based retrospective cohort study using target trial guidelines.

Introduction: Due to inferior safety profile and higher risk of diversion than buprenorphine/naloxone, guidelines typically recommend stringent eligibility criteria such as daily witnessed ingestion of methadone for at least 12 weeks before considering take-home doses. Recent research has focused on whether or not to initiate take-home methadone doses, often using pandemic-era data when temporary prescribing changes provided a natural experiment on the impact of access to take-home doses. However, none of these studies adequately examined the optimal timing and criteria for safely starting take-home doses to enhance treatment outcomes.

Exploring mechanisms of resistance to fludioxonil in Colletotrichum fructicola.

Colletotrichum fructicola is one of the most important species causing peach anthracnose around the world, including China. Fludioxonil has been effectively applied to control anthracnose disease as well as several important fungal diseases such as gray mold, leaf blight, early blight, corn stem rot, peanut root rot, rice evil seedling disease, and other diseases transmitted through seeds or soil. In this study, 39C.

Spectrum of venous thromboembolism in adult patients with ulcerative colitis in Pakistan: A single center retrospective study.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at a 2-8-fold higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) as compared to the general population. Although the exact pathogenesis is unclear, the literature suggests that increased risk of thromboembolic events in such patients occurs as a result of increased coagulation factors, inflammatory cytokines, and reduction in anticoagulants leading to a prothrombotic state.

Aim: To assess the prevalence, risk factors, management, and outcome of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients who develop VTE.

Intravenous Injection of Tranexamic Acid in Patients with Pelvic Fractures: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the efficacy of intravenous injections of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation for pelvic fractures (Tile B and C). A study population with greater homogeneity was selected to minimize confounding variables related to fracture and fixation methods that may reflect an accurate result.

Materials And Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial including 100 patients who received either 15 mg/kg of TXA added to 40 mL saline twice separated by 3 hours interval or a similar volume of normal saline (~50 mL twice in same manner) intravenously.

Examining the Impact of Food Security and Accessibility to Healthcare Services on Chronic Disease Risk Among Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh.

Food security and access to healthcare are crucial determinants of health, but their impact on chronic disease risk among forcibly displaced populations is understudied. This study delves into the relationship between food security, accessibility to healthcare services, and chronic disease risk among Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. Drawing from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, this research investigates how the availability of food, accessibility to healthcare facilities, and utilization of services impact the likelihood of chronic diseases within this marginalized population.

Inhibition of amyloid formation of prion fragment (106-128) by polyphenolic compounds.

Prion diseases are characterized by the self-association and amyloid formation of misfolded prion proteins. Developing effective inhibitors of protein aggregation is critical for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we systematically evaluated a range of polyphenolic compounds as potential inhibitors of amyloid fibril formation of PrP(106-128), a prion fragment crucially involved in prion aggregation and propagation.

High frequency exercise after human cranial bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation enhances motor functional recovery following traumatic brain injury in mice.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes a neurological impairment of the central nervous system that may induce severe motor deficits. In this study, human cranial bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hcMSCs) were transplanted into a mouse TBI model, and the effects of differences in exercise frequency were examined as a rehabilitation approach to improve motor function after cell transplantation. Twenty-four hours after TBI induction, phosphate-buffered saline or hcMSCs were intravenously injected into mice that were divided into a non-exercise group, a low-frequency exercise group (LF Ex), and a high-frequency exercise group (HF Ex).

Aeroallergen sensitivity patterns in Gulf countries: A systematic review.

Background: Successful management of allergic diseases necessitates accurate diagnosis, implementation of appropriate allergen avoidance techniques, and medical therapies. However, data availability regarding aeroallergens in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries is limited.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies conducted in Gulf countries on individuals diagnosed with or tested for aeroallergen sensitivities, focusing on prevalence and respiratory health impacts.

ERP in Bangladesh healthcare industry: Current scenario, challenges, and future directions.

Background: Over the last twenty years, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems have become essential for businesses aiming to enhance efficiency and gain a competitive advantage in the fierce business landscape of today. ERP systems offer substantial benefits for quality, cost-efficiency, and timely services in healthcare globally, but many organizations in underdeveloped and remote areas lack adequate IT infrastructure.

Objective: This paper aims to provide an overview of the status of the ERP environment in Bangladesh's healthcare business and highlight the demands for IT-enabled health infrastructure and challenges to ERP-based health structure adoption.

Investigation of mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of waste glass powder and wood flour reinforced polypropylene composite.

The focus of this study was to investigate the potential of using waste materials like, waste glass powder and wood flour as fillers in polypropylene thermoplastic, and to assess their mechanical, morphological and thermal properties, as a means to add value to these wastes. Waste glass powder, with particle sizes of 125 μm, 63 μm, and 45 μm, was used as a filler material in the polypropylene matrix, along with wood flour particles of 250 μm in size. After identifying the optimal particle size (45 μm) sample, the WGP content was increased from 10 wt% to 15 wt% and 20 wt%.

Bayesian spatio-temporal disease mapping of COVID-19 cases in Bangladesh.

Background: COVID-19 is a highly transmittable respiratory illness induced by SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus. The spatio-temporal analysis considers interactions between space and time is essential for understanding the virus's transmission pattern and developing efficient mitigation strategies.

Objective: This study explicitly examines how meteorological, demographic, and vaccination with all doses of risk factors are interrelated with COVID-19's complex evolution and dynamics in 64 Bangladeshi districts over space and time.

Problem of pain in the USA: evaluating the generalisability of high-impact chronic pain models over time using National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data.

Introduction: High-impact chronic pain (HICP) significantly affects the quality of life for millions of U.S. adults, imposing substantial economic/healthcare burdens.

Maternal age at first birth and uterine cancer risk: A comprehensive analysis using NHANES data (2003-2018).

Background: Several reproductive factors, including parity and age at menarche, have been identified as risk factors for uterine cancers. However, the association between maternal age at first birth and uterine cancer remains conflicting.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included females aged 20 years and older with at least one live birth across eight National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2003-2018).

Self-reported health complaints and healthcare-seeking behaviour among adult people in rural Bangladesh: results from a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aims to assess self-reported health complaints and healthcare-seeking behaviours in a rural population of Bangladesh. These factors are crucial for understanding health challenges and designing effective healthcare services in rural areas.

Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to October 2021.

Short-Term Outcomes of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Weight Loss and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background and objective Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), a novel bariatric technique, reduces stomach capacity to promote weight loss. It is increasingly preferred due to its lower risk and improved outcomes, particularly for obesity-associated hypertension and diabetes. LSG has also demonstrated effective weight loss.

Evaluating the Role of High-Dimensional Proxy Data in Confounding Adjustment in Multiple Sclerosis Research: A Case Study.

Purpose: Given the historical use of limited confounders in multiple sclerosis (MS) studies utilizing administrative health data, this brief report evaluates the impact of incorporating high-dimensional proxy information on confounder adjustment in MS research. We have implemented high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) and high-dimensional disease risk score (hdDRS) methods to assess changes in effect estimates for the association between disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) and all-cause mortality in an MS cohort from British Columbia (BC), Canada.

Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective study using linked administrative databases from BC, including health insurance registries, demographics, physician visits, hospitalizations, prescriptions, and vital statistics.

Exploring under-five child malnutrition in Bangladesh: analysis using the Extended Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (ECIAF).

Objective: The current study is an attempt to explore under-five child malnutrition in a low-income population setting using the Extended Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (ECIAF).

Design: Data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018 were analysed. Malnutrition using ECIAF was estimated using stunting, wasting underweight and overweight.

Design of therapeutic siRNAs for potential application to infection with chikungunya virus.

Emergence of the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a new threat in the world. The disastrous effect of this virus and the unavailability of specific drugs complicated the control and management of the disease. The development of a siRNA-based drug using multiple computational tools could be a way out as one of its therapeutics.