The role of artificial intelligence in macular hole management: A scoping review.

We focus on the utility of artificial intelligence (AI) in the management of macular hole (MH). We synthesize 25 studies, comprehensively reporting on each AI model's development strategy, validation, tasks, performance, strengths, and limitations. All models analyzed ophthalmic images, and 5 (20 %) also analyzed clinical features.

Implementation of Artificial Intelligence-Based Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Quebec: Prospective Validation Study.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects about 25% of people with diabetes in Canada. Early detection of DR is essential for preventing vision loss.

Objective: We evaluated the real-world performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) system that analyzes fundus images for DR screening in a Quebec tertiary care center.

Democratizing Vitreoretinal Surgery Training With a Portable and Affordable Virtual Reality Simulator in the Metaverse.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate RetinaVR, an affordable, portable, and fully immersive virtual reality (VR) simulator for vitreoretinal surgery training.

Methods: We built RetinaVR as a standalone app on the Meta Quest 2 VR headset. It simulates core vitrectomy, peripheral shaving, membrane peeling, and endolaser application.

The role of optical coherence tomography angiography in dome-shaped maculopathy.

Purpose: To demonstrate the role of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in the management of dome-shaped maculopathy (DSM).

Methods: Retrospective case review.

Results: A 52-year-old woman was referred to our retina service for potential bilateral choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) and blurry vision bilaterally.

Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy in Migraines with Aura.

Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) has recently been described following episodes of migraine. In this report, we present a case of PAMM and describe the role of en face optical coherence tomography (OCT). A 75-year-old woman presented with subjective vision loss over a 2-week period in the right eye.

Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy and 4-Point Sutured Scleral Fixation of Akreos AO60 Intraocular Lens in Clinical Settings: A Case Series.

Purpose: To determine the long-term anatomic outcomes and surgical complications of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and 4-point Gore-Tex-sutured Akreos AO60 intraocular lens (IOL) scleral fixation.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, multisurgeon case series.

Participants: Ninety-seven patients in tertiary eye care centers.

Indications and pathologic diagnoses of diagnostic chorioretinal biopsies in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Objective: To review the clinical usefulness of chorioretinal biopsies in diagnostically undefined cases of intraocular inflammation or chorioretinal lesions.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Seven patients who underwent chorioretinal biopsies.

Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation: Report of a novel optical coherence tomography finding and clinical response to plasmapheresis.

Purpose: To describe a novel optical coherence tomography (OCT) finding in a case of bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) and to report the clinical response to plasmapheresis.

Observations: We report the case of a 54-year-old man who was being treated with adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. He had suffered from bilateral progressive vision loss without ocular pain.

Impact of patient face mask use on endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-VEGF injections.

Objective: To compare the incidence of endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections with and without patient face masking.

Design: Two-centre retrospective cohort study PARTICIPANTS: Patients receiving a total of 28 501 injections (period 1 before masking: n = 13 863; period 2 after masking: n = 14 638) METHODS: Periods before and after implementation of patient masking were compared: period 1 (July-December 2019) and period 2 (July-December 2020). All patients requiring treatment for endophthalmitis following intravitreal anti-VEGF injections were reviewed.

Accuracy of automated machine learning in classifying retinal pathologies from ultra-widefield pseudocolour fundus images.

Aims: Automated machine learning (AutoML) is a novel tool in artificial intelligence (AI). This study assessed the discriminative performance of AutoML in differentiating retinal vein occlusion (RVO), retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and retinal detachment (RD) from normal fundi using ultra-widefield (UWF) pseudocolour fundus images.

Methods: Two ophthalmologists without coding experience carried out AutoML model design using a publicly available image data set (2137 labelled images).

360-degree intra-operative laser retinopexy for the prevention of retinal re-detachment in patients treated with primary pars plana vitrectomy.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of 360° intra-operative laser retinopexy (ILR) for the prevention of retinal re-detachment in patients treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: A retrospective single-institution cohort study was performed. Consecutive patients with primary uncomplicated RRD who underwent 23-gauge PPV with gas endotamponade between July 2013 and July 2016 were included in the study (n = 151).

MINIMAL INVASIVE DRAINAGE TECHNIQUE FOR LARGE EXPANDING SUBRETINAL GAS BUBBLE.

Purpose: To report a minimally invasive drainage technique for large expanding subretinal gas bubble and conduct a review of the literature.

Methods: Case report, with schematic diagrams and multimodal imaging including fundus photography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Controlled drainage of large subretinal gas bubble using a 30-gauge needle introduced through cryotherapy-treated area in office-based setting.

Visual Loss from Choroidal Melanoma Mimicking Neurological Syndromes.

Melanoma of the eye is rare, but can mimic a range of disorders. This report highlights 2 cases of choroidal melanoma with vision loss mimicking neurological diagnoses. The first patient is a 41-year-old white male with a known history of multiple sclerosis and a previous episode of optic neuritis in the right eye, who presented with a 6-month history of decreased vision in the same eye, and occasional photopsiae.

STELLATE NONHEREDITARY IDIOPATHIC FOVEOMACULAR RETINOSCHISIS: RESPONSE TO TOPICAL DORZOLAMIDE THERAPY.

Purpose: To report the clinical course of a patient presenting with stellate nonhereditary idiopathic foveomacular retinoschisis (SNIFR) in response to topical Dorzolamide treatment.

Methods: Case report, with multimodal imaging findings, including spectral domain optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. Topical Dorzolamide Hydrochloride 2% drops were used three times per day in the affected eye.

Choroidal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma diagnosed by full-thickness retinochoroidal biopsy: case report and review of the literature.

The case of an 89-year-old man who was referred for a painless decrease of vision in his right eye (RE) is reported. Fundus examination of the RE showed an elevated amelanotic lesion located in the posterior pole with an adjacent focal round pigmented lesion. There was also a more peripheral amelanotic lesion extending from 6 to 9 o'clock clockwise inferotemporally.

Lymphocytic Microparticles Modulate Angiogenic Properties of Macrophages in Laser-induced Choroidal Neovascularization.

Pathological choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the common cause of vision loss in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Macrophages possess potential angiogenic function in CNV. We have demonstrated that human T lymphocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs) exert a potent antiangiogenic effect in several pathological neovascularization models.

Outcome of viscodilation and tensioning of Schlemm's canal for uveitic glaucoma.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of circumferential viscodilation and tensioning of Schlemm's canal (canaloplasty) in the treatment of uveitic glaucoma (UG).

Design: Pilot, retrospective, noncomparative case series.

Participants: Nineteen uveitic eyes of 15 patients with UG.

Acquired myelinated nerve fibers in association with optic disk drusen.

Myelinated retinal nerve fibers are a well-recognized anomaly of the ocular fundus associated with many ocular and systemic conditions. Myelination is almost always congenital and stable, but progression has been documented in rare cases. Optic disk drusen are the result of a degenerative process at the optic nerve head and are often found incidentally on ophthalmologic examination.

Chromatic properties of the colour-shading effect.

The 'colour-shading effect' describes the phenomenon whereby chromatic variations affect the magnitude of perceived shape-from-shading in luminance patterns. A previous study showed that in mixed colour-plus-luminance sine-wave plaids, impressions of depth in the luminance component were enhanced by non-aligned chromatic components, and suppressed by aligned chromatic components [Nature Neuroscience 6 (2003) 641-644]. Here we examine the chromatic determinants of these effects.