Myocardial blood flow in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients at rest and during exercise.

The heart depends critically on continuous blood supply, but it is unknown whether cancer itself affects myocardial blood flow (MBF). This study investigated MBF in cancer patients and cardiac morphology in a cancer mice model. MBF was quantified with [O]HO positron emission tomography at rest in recently diagnosed breast cancer patients and age-matched female controls, and additionally during 10-min exercise in the cancer patients.

Associations between Leisure and Work Time Activity Behavior and 24 H Ambulatory Blood Pressure among Aging Workers.

Purpose: The associations between work time, leisure-time, and non-workday physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SED) and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) are not well known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between domain-specific activity behavior and 24 h blood pressure.Methods: A hundred and fifty-six aging workers (mean age 62.

Sedentary behavior reduction and blood lipids in adults with metabolic syndrome: a 6-month randomized controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a reduction in accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior (SB) improves blood lipids in inactive adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Sixty-four participants were randomly assigned into intervention (INT, n = 33) and control (CONT, n = 31) groups. The INT group was instructed to reduce SB by 1 h/day without increasing formal exercise, whereas the CONT group was advised to maintain usual SB habits.

Effects of reducing sedentary behaviour on back pain, paraspinal muscle insulin sensitivity and muscle fat fraction and their associations: a secondary analysis of a 6-month randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Sedentary behaviour (SB) is a plausible intervention target for back pain mitigation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-month SB reduction intervention on back pain and related disability outcomes, and paraspinal muscle (ie, erector spinae and transversospinales separately) insulin sensitivity (glucose uptake, GU) and muscle fat fraction (FF).

Methods: Sixty-four adults with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome were randomised into intervention (n=33) and control (n=31) groups.

Daily standing time, dietary fiber, and intake of unsaturated fatty acids are beneficially associated with hepatic insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Obesity is associated with impaired glucose metabolism and hepatic insulin resistance. The aim was to investigate the associations of hepatic glucose uptake (HGU) and endogenous glucose production (EGP) to sedentary behavior (SB), physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary factors, and metabolic risk markers.

Methods: Forty-four adults with metabolic syndrome (mean age 58 [SD 7] years, BMI ranging from 25-40kg/; 25 females) were included.

New improved radiometabolite analysis method for [F]FTHA from human plasma: a test-retest study with postprandial and fasting state.

Background: Fatty acid uptake can be measured using PET and 14-(R,S)-[F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid ([F]FTHA). However, the relatively rapid rate of [F]FTHA metabolism significantly affects kinetic modeling of tissue uptake. Thus, there is a need for accurate chromatographic methods to analyze the unmetabolized [F]FTHA (parent fraction).

Loading Enhances Glucose Uptake in Muscles, Bones, and Bone Marrow of Lower Extremities in Humans.

Context: Increased standing time has been associated with improved health, but the underlying mechanism is unclear.

Objectives: We herein investigate if increased weight loading increases energy demand and thereby glucose uptake (GU) locally in bone and/or muscle in the lower extremities.

Methods: In this single-center clinical trial with a randomized crossover design (ClinicalTrials.

Sedentary time associates detrimentally and physical activity beneficially with metabolic flexibility in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic flexibility (MetFlex) describes the ability to respond and adapt to changes in metabolic demand and substrate availability. The relationship between physical (in)activity and MetFlex is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether sedentary time, physical activity (PA), and cardiorespiratory fitness associate with MetFlex.

Effects of reduced sedentary time on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure in inactive adults with metabolic syndrome - a six-month exploratory RCT.

Evidence on the long-term effects of reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) on blood pressure (BP) is scarce. Therefore, we performed a sub-analysis of the BP effects of a six-month intervention that aimed at reducing SB by 1 h/day and replacing it with non-exercise activities. Sixty-four physically inactive and sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome (58% female, 58 [SD 7] years, BP 143/88 [16/9] mmHg, SB 10 [1] h/day) were randomised into intervention (INT, n = 33) and control (CON, n = 31) groups.

Critical limb-threatening ischaemia and microvascular transformation: clinical implications.

Background And Aims: Clinical management of critical limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI) is focused on prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic arterial occlusions. The role of microvascular pathology in disease progression is still largely unspecified and more importantly not utilized for treatment. The aim of this explorative study was to characterize the role of the microvasculature in CLTI pathology.

The effects of a 6-month intervention aimed to reduce sedentary time on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity: a randomized controlled trial.

Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical inactivity associate with impaired insulin sensitivity. We investigated whether an intervention aimed at a 1-h reduction in daily SB during 6 mo would improve insulin sensitivity in the weight-bearing thigh muscles. Forty-four sedentary inactive adults [mean age 58 (SD 7) yr; 43% men] with metabolic syndrome were randomized into intervention and control groups.

Lower abdominal adipose tissue cannabinoid type 1 receptor availability in young men with overweight.

Objective: Cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R) modulate feeding behavior and energy homeostasis, and the CB1R tone is dysgulated in obesity. This study aimed to investigate CB1R availability in peripheral tissue and brain in young men with overweight versus lean men.

Methods: Healthy males with high (HR, n = 16) or low (LR, n = 20) obesity risk were studied with fluoride 18-labeled FMPEP-d positron emission tomography to quantify CB1R availability in abdominal adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, muscle, and brain.

Effects of reducing sedentary behavior on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with metabolic syndrome: A 6-month RCT.

Introduction: Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with adverse health outcomes. Previous observational and cross-sectional studies have suggested that reducing sedentary behavior (SB) might improve CRF. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a 6-month intervention of reducing SB on CRF in 64 sedentary inactive adults with metabolic syndrome in a non-blind randomized controlled trial.

Associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and fitness with muscle glucose uptake in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the associations of sedentary time, physical activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness with skeletal muscle glucose uptake (GU).

Methods: Sedentary time and physical activity were measured with accelerometers and VO max with cycle ergometry in 44 sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome. Thigh muscle GU was determined with [ F]FDG-PET imaging.

Obesity risk is associated with brain glucose uptake and insulin resistance.

Objective: To investigate whether alterations in brain glucose uptake (BGU), insulin action in the brain-liver axis and whole-body insulin sensitivity occur in young adults in pre-obese state.

Methods: Healthy males with either high risk (HR; n = 19) or low risk (LR; n = 22) for developing obesity were studied with [18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG)-positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Obesity risk was assessed according to BMI, physical activity and parental overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Reducing Sedentary Time and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in Metabolic Syndrome: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether a reduction in daily sedentary behavior (SB) improves insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome in 6 months, without adding intentional exercise training.

Methods: Sixty-four sedentary inactive middle-age adults with overweight and metabolic syndrome (mean (SD) age, 58 (7) yr; mean (SD) body mass index, 31.6 (4.

Effects of reduced sedentary time on cardiometabolic health in adults with metabolic syndrome: A three-month randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate if reducing sedentary behavior improves cardiometabolic biomarkers in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Sixty-four sedentary middle-aged adults with metabolic syndrome were randomized into intervention (INT; n = 33) and control (CON; n = 31) groups.

Cool-Water Immersion Reduces Postexercise Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Perfusion More Than Cold-Water Immersion.

Purpose: The muscle perfusion response to postexercise cold-water immersion (CWI) is not well understood. We examined the effects of graded postexercise CWI upon global and regional quadriceps femoris muscle perfusion using positron emission tomography and [15O]H2O.

Methods: Using a matched-group design, 30 healthy men performed cycle ergometer exercise at 70% V̇O2peak to a core body temperature of 38°C, followed by either 10 min of CWI at 8°C, 22°C, or seated rest (control).

Aerobic Fitness Is Associated with Cerebral μ-Opioid Receptor Activation in Healthy Humans.

Introduction: Central μ-opioid receptors (MORs) modulate affective responses to physical exercise. Individuals with higher aerobic fitness report greater exercise-induced mood improvements than those with lower fitness, but the link between cardiorespiratory fitness and the MOR system remains unresolved. Here we tested whether maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and physical activity level are associated with cerebral MOR availability and whether these phenotypes predict endogenous opioid release after a session of exercise.

Uptake of F-rhPSMA-7.3 in Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Prostate Cancer: A Phase 1 Proof-of-Concept Study.

This study evaluated tracer uptake and lesion detectability with the novel radiopharmaceutical F-radiohybrid (rh)PSMA-7.3 in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Ten patients (three with high-risk primary localized PCa [Cohort A], three with hormone-sensitive metastatic PCa [Cohort B], and four with castration-resistant metastatic PCa [Cohort C]) underwent whole-body F-rhPSMA-7.

Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic health in overweight and obese adults.

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been inversely associated with insulin resistance and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese individuals. However, most previous studies have scaled CRF by body mass (BM) possibly inflating the association between CRF and cardiometabolic health. We investigated the associations of peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and peak power output (Wpeak) scaled either by BM, fat free mass (FFM), or by allometric methods with individual cardiometabolic risk factors and clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors in 55 overweight or obese adults with metabolic syndrome.

Obesity risk is associated with altered cerebral glucose metabolism and decreased μ-opioid and CB receptor availability.

Background: Obesity is a pressing public health concern worldwide. Novel pharmacological means are urgently needed to combat the increase of obesity and accompanying type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although fully established obesity is associated with neuromolecular alterations and insulin resistance in the brain, potential obesity-promoting mechanisms in the central nervous system have remained elusive.

Standing is associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Objectives: To determine how components of accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA), and fitness are associated with insulin sensitivity in adults with metabolic syndrome.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: Target population was middle-aged (40-65 years) sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome.