Application of a higher throughput approach to derive apparent Michaelis-Menten constants of isoform-selective p450-mediated biotransformation reactions in human hepatocytes.

A higher throughput platform was developed for the determination of K(M) values for isoformselective P450 substrates in human hepatocytes via incubation of the hepatocytes with substrates in 384- well plates and metabolite quantification by RapidFire™ mass spectrometry. Isoform-selective P450 substrates were incubated at 8 concentrations in triplicate with cryopreserved human hepatocytes from 16 donors. The metabolic pathways examined were the CYP1A2-catalyzed tacrine 1-hydroxylation, CYP2B6-catalyzed bupropion hydroxylation, CYP2C8-catalyzed amodiaquine N-deethylation, CYP2C9- catalyzed diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation, CYP2D6-catalyzed dextromethorphan O-demethylation, and CYP3A4-catalyzed midazolam 1'-hydroxylation.

Effect of CYP2A13 active site mutation N297A on metabolism of coumarin and tobacco-specific nitrosamines.

Cytochrome P450 2A13-catalyzed alpha-hydroxylation is a critical step in the activation of the tobacco carcinogens 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and (S)-N'-nitrosonornicotine [(S)-NNN]. In the enzyme's active site, a single polar residue, Asn297, can influence substrate binding, orientation, and metabolism. We determined the effects of N297A mutation on enzyme kinetics and specificity for NNK, NNN, and coumarin metabolism.