Changes in type of foodservice and dining room environment preferentially benefit institutionalized seniors with low body mass indexes.

Objective: To compare energy intakes in seniors with cognitive impairment residing in long-term care and receiving meals by bulk (cafeteria style with waitress service) vs traditional tray delivery systems and determine subject characteristics that identify responsiveness to type of foodservice provided. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS/SETTING: Usual energy intakes were compared in subjects residing in cognitive impairment units in either the old (tray delivery, n=23) or new (bulk delivery, n=26) nursing home at Baycrest, a teaching facility associated with University of Toronto Medical School.

Intervention: Changes to foodservice and physical environment (from institutional to more home-like environment).

The safety of whey protein concentrate derived from the milk of cows immunized against Clostridium difficile.

A whey protein concentrate prepared from the milk of cows that have been immunized against Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and its toxins, toxin A and toxin B, is produced for use as a medical food for the dietary management of patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) to prevent a relapse of the infection.

Energy-containing nutritional supplements can affect usual energy intake postsupplementation in institutionalized seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: To determine whether increases in caloric intake associated with consumption of a mid-morning nutritional supplement for 3 weeks were maintained in the week after stopping the supplement and to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and cognitive and behavioral measures on this response.

Design: Secondary analysis of a previously published randomized, crossover, nonblinded clinical trial.

Setting: A fully accredited geriatric care facility affiliated with the University of Toronto.

An evaluation of the maximized survey-derived daily intake (MSDI) as a practical method to estimate intake of flavouring substances.

Realistic estimates of intake are essential for risk assessments of flavouring agents, since substantial over or underestimations introduce inaccuracies into such evaluations. The objectives of this study were to examine the relationship between intakes estimated using methods based on the reported volume of production [e.g.

A randomized, crossover trial of high-carbohydrate foods in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease: associations among intervention response, body mass index, and behavioral and cognitive function.

Background: Despite recognition that weight loss is a problem in elderly persons with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), increasing their food intake remains a challenge. To effectively enhance intake, interventions must work with individuals' changing needs and intake patterns. Previously, the authors reported greater food consumption at breakfast, a high-carbohydrate meal, compared with dinner, and shifts toward carbohydrate preference at dinner in those with increased behavioral difficulties, low body mass index, or both.

Behavioral disturbances, not cognitive deterioration, are associated with altered food selection in seniors with Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: We previously reported alterations in circadian patterns of food intake that are associated with measures of functional and cognitive deterioration in seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study further explored disturbed eating patterns in AD, focusing on alterations in macronutrient (protein, carbohydrate, and fat) selection, and their association with measures of functional and behavioral losses.

Methods: Forty-nine days of food intake collections were conducted on 32 residents (26 females, 6 males; age = 88.

Providing nutrition supplements to institutionalized seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease is least beneficial to those with low body weight status.

Objectives: To examine whether providing a midmorning nutrition supplement increases habitual energy intake in seniors with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to investigate the effects of body weight status and cognitive and behavioral function on the response to the intervention.

Design: Randomized, crossover, nonblinded clinical trial.

Setting: A fully accredited geriatric teaching facility affiliated with the University of Toronto's Medical School with a home for the aged.

Malnutrition in institutionalized seniors: the iatrogenic component.

Objectives: To provide practitioners with benchmarks for micronutrient supplementation policies for older residents of long-term care (LTC) facilities, based upon residents' usual energy intake.

Design: Retrospective secondary analysis of nutrient intake and delivery data, obtained from 21 consecutive collection days.

Setting: A fully accredited geriatric teaching facility, affiliated with the University of Toronto's Medical School, that includes a chronic care hospital and a home for the aged, housing more than 800 senior residents.